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Volumn 79, Issue 1, 2009, Pages

U (1) symmetry breaking and violated axial symmetry in TlCuCl3 and other insulating spin systems

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EID: 60949104790     PISSN: 10980121     EISSN: 1550235X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.014438     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (32)

References (42)
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    • The inclusion of a DM-like anisotropy term iγ (ψ- ψ†) (Ref.) would result in strictly imaginary ψ because u (ψ) has to be real valued. A Goldstone-type mode can therefore not be obtained within this formalism.
    • The inclusion of a DM-like anisotropy term iγ (ψ- ψ†) (Ref.) would result in strictly imaginary ψ because u (ψ) has to be real valued. A Goldstone-type mode can therefore not be obtained within this formalism.
  • 30
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    • This expression can also be qualitatively obtained within our formalism if we take Δu=4μ γ / v0, the maximum energy difference along the ellipsoid contour sketched in Fig. 1, to be approximately equal to Δ 2 / v0 1/ v0 corresponds to the condensate fraction per energy nc (0) /μ at the ground state ψ0 and Δ represents a gap energy per condensed triplon that is needed to compensate for Δu.
    • This expression can also be qualitatively obtained within our formalism if we take Δu=4μ γ / v0, the maximum energy difference along the ellipsoid contour sketched in Fig. 1, to be approximately equal to Δ 2 / v0 1/ v0 corresponds to the condensate fraction per energy nc (0) /μ at the ground state ψ0 and Δ represents a gap energy per condensed triplon that is needed to compensate for Δu.


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