Self-written waveguide in methylene blue sensitized poly(vinyl alcohol)/acrylamide photopolymer material

Applied Optics

Volumn 47, Issue 35, 2008, Pages 6502-6507

  Jisha, C P ^a   Kishore, V C ^a   John, Beena Mary ^a   Kuriakose, V C ^a   Porsezian, K ^b   Kartha, C Sudha ^a  

^a Department of Physics   (India)

^b PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; PHOTOBLEACHING; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; REFRACTIVE INDEX; WAVEGUIDES;

DIFFRACTION EFFECTS; HIGH INTENSITY; LOW-POWER HE-NE LASERS; METHYLENE BLUE; PHOTOPOLYMER MATERIAL; SELF WRITTEN WAVEGUIDE;

POLYVINYL ALCOHOLS;

EID: 60949095144     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 15394522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.47.006502     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. T. M. Monro, D. Moss, M. Bazylenko, C. M. de Sterke, and L. Poladian, "Observation of self-trapping of light in a selfwritten channel in photosensitive glass," Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4072-4075 (1998).
2. S. J. Frisken, "Light-induced optical waveguide uptapers," Opt. Lett. 18, 1035-1037 (1993).
3. Y. S. Kivshar and G. P. Agrawal, Optical Solitons-From Fibers to Photonic Crystals (Academic, 2003).
4. C. P. Jisha, V. C. Kuriakose, and K. Porsezian, "Modulational instability and beam propagation in photorefractive polymer," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25, 674-679 (2008).
5. T. Yamashita, M. Kagami, and H. Ito, "Waveguide shape control and loss properties of light-induced self-written (LISW) optical waveguides," J. Lightwave Technol. 20, 1556-1562 (2002).
6. T. Yamashita and M. Kagami, "Fabrication of light-induced self-written waveguides with a w-shaped refractive index profile," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 2542-2548 (2005).
7. K. Yamashita, T. Hashimoto, K. Oe, K. Mune, R. Naitou, and A. Mochizuki, "Self-written waveguide structure in photosensitive polyimide resin fabricated by exposure and thermosetting process," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 801-803 (2004).
8. C. P. Jisha, V. C. Kuriakose, and K. Porsezian, "Dynamics of a light induced self-written waveguide directional coupler in a photopolymer," Opt. Commun. 281, 1093-1098 (2008).
9. H. Ma, A. K.-Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, "Polymer-based optical waveguides: materials, processing, and devices," Adv. Mater. 14, 1339-1365 (2002).
10. L. Eldada and L. W. Shacklette, "Advances in polymer integrated optics," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6, 54-68 (2000).
11. J.-W. Kang, J.-J. Kim, and E. Kim, "All-optical Mach-Zehnder modulator using a photochromic dye-doped polymer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1710-1712 (2002).
12. J.-W. Kang, M.-J. Kim, J.-R Kim, S.-J. Yoo, J.-S. Lee, D. Y. Km, and J.-J. Kim, "Polymeric wavelength filters fabricated using holographic surface relief gratings on azobenzene-containing polymer films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3823-3825 (2003).
13. K. Saravanamuttu and M. P. Andrews, "Visible laser self-focusing in hybrid glass planar waveguides," Opt. Lett. 27, 1342-1344 (2002).
14. I. B. Burgess, W. E. Shimmell, and K. Saravanamuttu, "Spontaneous pattern formation due to modulation instability of incoherent white light in a photopolymerizable medium," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 4738-4746 (2007).
15. A. S. Kewitsch and A. Yariv, "Self-focusing and self-trapping of optical beams upon photopolymerization," Opt. Lett. 21, 24-26 (1996).
16. L. Friedrich, P. Dannberg, C. Wächter, T. Hennig, A. Bräuer, and W. Karthe, "Directional coupler device using a threedimensional waveguide structure," Opt. Commun. 137, 239-243 (1997).
17. J. Kim, K.-H. Jeong, and L. P. Lee, "Artificial ommatidia by selfaligned microlenses and waveguides," Opt. Lett. 30, 5-7 (2005).
18. D. Tomic and A. R. Mickelson, "Photobleaching for waveguide formation in a guesthost polyimide," Appl. Opt. 38, 3893-3903 (1999).
19. B. M. John, M. Ushamani, K. Sreekumar, R. Joseph, and C. S. Kartha, "Enhancement of diffraction efficiency and storage life of poly(vinyl chloride) based optical recording medium with the incorporation of an electron donor," Appl. Opt. 46, 346-350 (2007).
20. M. Ushamani, K. Sreekumar, C. S. Kartha, and R. Joseph, "Fabrication and characterization of methylene-blue-doped polyvinyl alcohol-polyacrylic acid blend for holographic recording," Appl. Opt. 43, 3697-3703 (2004).
21. B. M. John, M. Ushamani, K. Sreekumar, R. Joseph, and C. S. Kartha, "Reusable recording medium based on MBPVA and vinyl acetate," J. Mod. Opt. 53, 343-355 (2006).
22. C. Garca, I. Pascual, and A. Fimia, "Diffraction efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio of diffuse-object holograms in real time in polyvinyl alcohol photopolymers," Appl. Opt. 38, 5548-5551 (1999).
23. S. Blaya, R. M. L. Carretero, A. Fimia, and R. F Madrigal, "Holography as a technique for the study of photopolymerization kinetics in dry polymeric films with a nonlinear response," Appl. Opt. 38, 955-962 (1999).
24. C. Garcia, I. Pascual, A. Costela, I. Garcia-Moreno, C. Gomez, A. Fimia, and R. Sastre, "Hologram recording in polyvinyl alcohol/acrylamide photopolymers by means of pulsed laser exposure," Appl. Opt. 41, 2613-2620 (2002).
25. S. Gallego, M. Ortuno, C. Neipp, A. Márquez, A. Beléndez, and I. Pascual, "Characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/acrylamide holographic memories with a first-harmonic diffusion model," Appl. Opt. 44, 6205-6210 (2005).
26. B. M. John, R. Joseph, K. Sreekumar, and C. S. Kartha, "Effect of chromium doping on the diffraction efficiency of methylene blue sensitized pva/acrylamide films," J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. (to be published).
27. S. Shoji, H.-B. Sun, and S. Kawata, "Photofabrication of wood-pile three-dimensional photonic crystals using fourbeam laser interference," Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 608-610 (2003).
28. K. Dorkenoo, O. Crégut, L. Mager, F. Gillot, C. Carre, and A. Fort, "Quasi-solitonic behavior of self-written waveguides created by photopolymerization," Opt. Lett. 27, 1782-1784 (2002).