Characterisation of brain disorders and evaluation of therapy by functional and molecular magnetic resonance techniques

Hong Kong Medical Journal

Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 469-478

  Wang, Y X ^a   Lam, Wynnie W M ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Brain; Diffusion; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Perfusion

Indexed keywords

CHOLINE; GADOLINIUM; INOSITOL; N ACETYLASPARTIC ACID; PENTETIC ACID; SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON OXIDE; CONTRAST MEDIUM; OXYGEN;

BLOOD OXYGENATION; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN BLOOD VOLUME; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN TUMOR; CAPILLARY FLOW; CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; CELL ACTIVATION; CELL ACTIVITY; CELL TRANSPORT; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; MACROPHAGE; MOLECULAR IMAGING; NERVE CELL; NEUROIMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHORUS NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; REVIEW; BLOOD; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; METHODOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

BRAIN DISEASES; CONTRAST MEDIA; DIFFUSION MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMANS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN;

EID: 60849134616     PISSN: 10242708     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Detre JA, Leigh JS, Williams DS, Koretsky AP. Perfusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 1992;23:37-45.
2. Meier P, Zierler KL. On the theory of the indicator-dilution method for measurement of blood flow and volume. J Appl Physiol 1954;6:731-44.
3. Rosen BR, Belliveau JW, Vevea JM, Brady TJ. Perfusion imaging with NMR contrast agents. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:249-65.
4. Roberts TP, Vexler Z, Derugin N, Moseley ME, Kucharczyk J. High-speed MR imaging of ischemic brain injury following stenosis of the middle cerebral artery. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1993;13:940-6.
5. Law M, Oh S, Babb JS, et al. Low-grade gliomas: dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging - prediction of patient clinical response. Radiology 2006;238:658-67.
6. Maia AC Jr, Malheiros SM, da Rocha AJ, et al. MR cerebral blood volume maps correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression and tumor grade in nonenhancing gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:777-83.
7. Aronen HJ, Pardo FS, Kennedy DN, et al. High microvascular blood volume is associated with high glucose uptake and tumor angiogenesis in human gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6:2189-200.
8. Tofts PS. Modeling tracer kinetics in dynamic Gd-DTPA MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 1997;7:91-101.
9. Jackson A. Analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. Br J Radiol 2004;77(Spec No 2):154S-166S.
10. Mills SJ, Patankar TA, Haroon HA, Balériaux D, Swindell R, Jackson A. Do cerebral blood volume and contrast transfer coefficient predict prognosis in human glioma? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:853-8.
11. Patankar TF, Haroon HA, Mills SJ, et al. Is volume transfer coefficient (K(trans)) related to histologic grade in human gliomas? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:2455-65.
12. Leach MO, Brindle KM, Evelhoch JL, et al. Assessment of antiangiogenic and antivascular therapeutics using MRI: recommendations for appropriate methodology for clinical trials. Br J Radiol 2003;76(Spec No 1):87S-91S.
13. Ogawa S, Tank DW, Menon R, et al. Intrinsic signal changes accompanying sensory stimulation: functional brain mapping with magnetic resonance imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992;89:5951-5.
14. Ogawa S, Lee TM, Nayak AS, Glynn P. Oxygenation-sensitive contrast in magnetic resonance image of rodent brain at high magnetic fields. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:68-78.
15. Mandeville JB, Rosen BR. Functional MRI. In: Toga AW, Mazziotta JC, editors. Brain mapping: the methods. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press; 2002: 315-49.
16. Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D, Aubin ML, Vignaud J, Laval-Jeantet M. Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 1988;168:497-505.
17. Moseley ME, Cohen Y, Mintorovitch J, et al. Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MRI and spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:330-46.
18. Verheul HB, Balázs R, Berkelbach van der Sprenkel JW, Tulleken CA, Nicolay K, van Lookeren Campagne M. Temporal evolution of NMDA-induced excitoxicity in the neonatal rat brain measured with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Brain Res 1993;618:203-12.
19. Hoehn-Berlage M, Eis M, Back T, Kohno K, Yamshita K. Changes of relaxation times (T1, T2) and apparent diffusion coefficient after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat: temporal evolution, regional extent, and comparison with histology. Magn Reson Med 1995;34:824-34.
20. Neumann-Haefelin T, Wittsack HJ, Wenserski F, et al. Diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI. The DWI/PWI mismatch region in acute stroke. Stroke 1999;30:1591-7.
21. Hossmann KA, Hoehn-Berlage M. Diffusion and perfusion MR imaging of cerebral ischemia. Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev 1995;7:187-217.
22. Albers GW, Thijs VN, Wechsler L, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging profiles predict clinical response to early reperfusion: the diffusion and perfusion imaging evaluation for understanding stroke evolution (DEFUSE) study. Ann Neurol 2006;60:508-17.
23. Kane I, Sandercock P, Wardlaw J. Magnetic resonance perfusion diffusion mismatch and thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke: a systematic review of the evidence to date. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007;78:485-91.
24. Singer MB, Chong J, Lu D, Schonewille WJ, Tuhrim S, Atlas SW. Diffusion-weighted MRI in acute subcortical infarction. Stroke 1998;29:133-6.
25. Schaefer PW. Applications of DWI in clinical neurology. J Neurol Sci 2001;186(Suppl 1):25S-35S.
26. Kim YJ, Chang KH, Song IC, et al. Brain abscess and necrotic or cystic brain tumor: discrimination with signal intensity on diffusion-weighted MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998;171:1487-90.
27. Hamstra DA, Chenevert TL, Moffat BA, et al. Evaluation of the functional diffusion map as an early biomarker of time-to-progression and overall survival in high-grade glioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:16759-64.
28. Moffat BA, Chenevert TL, Lawrence TS, et al. Functional diffusion map: a noninvasive MRI biomarker for early stratification of clinical brain tumor response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:5524-9.
29. Heide AC, Richards TL, Alvord EC Jr, Peterson J, Rose LM. Diffusion imaging of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Magn Reson Med 1993;29:478-84.
30. Benedict RH, Bruce J, Dwyer MG, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging predicts cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2007;13:722-30.
31. Cercignani M, Inglese M, Pagani E, Comi G, Filippi M. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy histograms of patients with multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22:952-8.
32. Mori S, Itoh R, Zhang J, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging of the developing mouse brain. Magn Reson Med 2001;46:18-23.
33. Basser PJ, Pajevic S, Pierpaoli C, Duda J, Aldroubi A. In vivo fiber tractography using DT-MRI data. Magn Reson Med 2000;44:625-32.
34. Kindlmann G, Weinstein D, Hart D. Strategies for direct volume rendering of diffusion tensor fields. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2000;6:124-38.
35. Song SK, Sun SW, Ramsbottom MJ, Chang C, Russell J, Cross AH. Dysmyelination revealed through MRI as increased radial (but unchanged axial) diffusion of water. Neuroimage 2002;17:1429-36.
36. Rovaris M, Gass A, Bammer R, et al. Diffusion MRI in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2005;65:1526-32.
37. Pagani E, Filippi M, Rocca MA, Horsfield MA. A method for obtaining tract-specific diffusion tensor MRI measurements in the presence of disease: application to patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 2005;26:258-65.
38. Field AS, Alexander AL. Diffusion tensor imaging in cerebral tumor diagnosis and therapy. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2004;15:315-24.
39. Jiang Q, Zhang ZG, Ding GL, et al. MRI detects white matter reorganization after neural progenitor cell treatment of stroke. Neuroimage 2006;32:1080-9.
40. Mabbott DJ, Noseworthy MD, Bouffet E, Rockel C, Laughlin S. Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter after cranial radiation in children for medulloblastoma: correlation with IQ. Neuro Oncol 2006;8:244-52.
41. Khong PL, Leung LH, Fung AS, et al. White matter anisotropy in post-treatment childhood cancer survivors: preliminary evidence of association with neurocognitive function. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:884-90.
42. Filippi M, Rocca MA. Magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Neurotherapeutics 2007;4:401-13.
43. Rademacher J, Engelbrecht V, Bürgel U, Freund H, Zilles K. Measuring in vivo myelination of human white matter fiber tracts with magnetization transfer MR. Neuroimage 1999;9:393-406.
44. Deloire-Grassin MS, Brochet B, Quesson B, et al. In vivo evaluation of remyelination in rat brain by magnetization transfer imaging. J Neurol Sci 2000;178:10-6.
45. Zivadinov R. Can imaging techniques measure neuroprotection and remyelination in multiple sclerosis? Neurology 2007;68(22 Suppl 3):72S-82S.
46. Chen JT, Collins DL, Freedman MS, et al. Local magnetization transfer ratio signal inhomogeneity is related to subsequent change in MTR in lesions and normal-appearing white-matter of multiple sclerosis patients. Neuroimage 2005;25:1272-8.
47. Agosta F, Rovaris M, Pagani E, Sormani MP, Comi G, Filippi M. Magnetization transfer MRI metrics predict the accumulation of disability 8 years later in patients with multiple sclerosis. Brain 2006;129:2620-7.
48. Rovaris M, Agosta F, Sormani MP, et al. Conventional and magnetization transfer MRI predictors of clinical multiple sclerosis evolution: a medium-term follow-up study. Brain 2003;126:2323-32.
49. Smith DH, Meaney DF, Lenkinski RE, et al. New magnetic resonance imaging techniques for the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 1995;12:573-7.
50. Bagley LJ, McGowan JC, Grossman RI, et al. Magnetization transfer imaging of traumatic brain injury. J Magn Reson Imaging 2000;11:1-8.
51. McGowan JC, Yang JH, Plotkin RC, et al. Magnetization transfer imaging in the detection of injury associated with mild head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000;21:875-80.
52. van der Flier WM, van den Heuvel DM, Weverling-Rijnsburger AW, et al. Magnetization transfer imaging in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2002;52:62-7.
53. van Es AC, van der Flier WM, Admiraal-Behloul F, et al. Magnetization transfer imaging of gray and white matter in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2006;27:1757-62.
54. Ordidge RJ, Helpern JA, Knight RA, Qing ZX, Welch KM. Investigation of cerebral ischemia using magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) MR imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1991;9:895-902.
55. Hanyu H, Imon Y, Sakurai H, et al. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance and magnetization transfer imaging in the assessment of ischemic human stroke. Intern Med 1998;37:360-5.
56. Christiansen P, Henriksen O, Stubgaard M, Gideon P, Larsson HB. In vivo quantification of brain metabolites by 1H-MRS using water as an internal standard. Magn Reson Imaging 1993;11:107-18.
57. Michaelis T, Merboldt KD, Bruhn H, Hänicke W, Frahm J. Absolute concentrations of metabolites in the adult human brain in vivo: quantification of localized proton MR spectra. Radiology 1993;187:219-27.
58. Jansen JF, Backes WH, Nicolay K, Kooi ME. 1H MR spectroscopy of the brain: absolute quantification of metabolites. Radiology 2006;240:318-32.
59. Hollingworth W, Medina LS, Lenkinski RE, et al. A systematic literature review of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the characterization of brain tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:1404-11.
60. Law M, Yang S, Wang H, et al. Glioma grading: sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of perfusion MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopic imaging compared with conventional MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003;24:1989-98.
61. Möller-Hartmann W, Herminghaus S, Krings T, et al. Clinical application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions. Neuroradiology 2002;44:371-81.
62. Herholz K, Heindel W, Luyten PR, et al. In vivo imaging of glucose consumption and lactate concentration in human gliomas. Ann Neurol 1992;31:319-27.
63. Murphy PS, Viviers L, Abson C, et al. Monitoring temozolomide treatment of low-grade glioma with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Br J Cancer 2004;90:781-6.
64. Hall WA, Truwit CL. 1.5 T: spectroscopy-supported brain biopsy. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2005;16:165-72.
65. Rock JP, Scarpace L, Hearshen D, et al. Associations among magnetic resonance spectroscopy, apparent diffusion coefficients, and image-guided histopathology with special attention to radiation necrosis. Neurosurgery 2004;54:1111-9.
66. Graves EE, Pirzkall A, Nelson SJ, Larson D, Verhey L. Registration of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging to computed tomography for radiotherapy treatment planning. Med Phys 2001;28:2489-96.
67. Miller BL, Moats RA, Shonk T, Ernst T, Wolley S, Ross BD. Alzheimer disease: depiction of increased cerebral myo-inositol with proton MR spectroscopy. Radiology 1993;187:433-7.
68. Rosena Y, Lenkinski RE. Recent advances in magnetic resonance neurospectroscopy. Neurotherapeutics 2007;4:330-45.
69. Kantarci K, Petersen RC, Boeve BF, et al. 1H MR spectroscopy in common dementias. Neurology 2004;63:1393-8.
70. Connelly A, Jackson GD, Duncan JS, King MD, Gadian DG. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 1994;44:1411-7.
71. Willmann O, Wennberg R, May T, Woermann FG, Pohlmann-Eden B. The role of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pre-operative evaluation for epilepsy surgery. A meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res 2006;71:149-58.
72. Hammen T, Kerling F, Schwarz M, et al. Identifying the affected hemisphere by (1)H-MR spectroscopy in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and no pathological findings in high resolution MRI. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:482-90.
73. Narayana PA. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the monitoring of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimaging 2005;15(4 Suppl):46S-57S.
74. Petry KG, Boiziau C, Dousset V, Brochet B. Magnetic resonance imaging of human brain macrophage infiltration. Neurotherapeutics 2007;4:434-42.
75. Wang YX, Hussain SM, Krestin GP. Superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agents: physiochemical characteristics and applications in MR imaging. Eur Radol 2001;11:2319-31.
76. Corot C, Robert P, Idée JM, Port M. Recent advances in iron oxide nanocrystal technology for medical imaging. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2006;58:1471-504.
77. Saleh A, Schroeter M, Jonkmanns C, Hartung HP, Mödder U, Jander S. In vivo MRI of brain inflammation in human ischaemic stroke. Brain 2004;127:1670-7.
78. Dousset V, Brochet B, Deloire MS, et al. MR imaging of relapsing multiple sclerosis patients using ultra-small-particle iron oxide and compared with gadolinium. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:1000-5.
79. Neuwelt EA, Várallyay P, Bagó AG, Muldoon LL, Nesbit G, Nixon R. Imaging of iron oxide nanoparticles by MR and light microscopy in patients with malignant brain tumours. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2004;30:456-71.
80. Varallyay P, Nesbit G, Muldoon LL, et al. Comparison of two superparamagnetic viral-sized iron oxide particles ferumoxides and ferumoxtran-10 with a gadolinium chelate in imaging intracranial tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002;23:510-9.
81. Bulte JW, Kraitchman DL. Iron oxide MR contrast agents for molecular and cellular imaging. NMR Biomed 2004;17:484-99.
82. Bulte JW, Duncan ID, Frank JA. In vivo magnetic resonance tracking of magnetically labeled cells after transplantation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2002;22:899-907.
83. Zhu J, Zhou L, XingWu F. Tracking neural stem cells in patients with brain trauma. N Engl J Med 2006;355:2376-8.