메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 140, Issue 1-2, 2009, Pages 15-23

The viral RNase Erns prevents IFN type-I triggering by pestiviral single- and double-stranded RNAs

Author keywords

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV); Innate immunity; Interferon (IFN) type I; Pestivirus; RIG I; Viral RNA

Indexed keywords

DOUBLE STRANDED RNA; GLYCOPROTEIN E; INTERFERON; RETINOIC ACID INDUCIBLE PROTEIN I; RIBONUCLEASE E; SINGLE STRANDED RNA; VIRUS ENZYME; VIRUS RNA;

EID: 60749120273     PISSN: 01681702     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.10.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (71)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0030937742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophages infected with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus release a factor(s) capable of priming uninfected macrophages for activation-induced apoptosis
    • Adler B., Adler H., Pfister H., Jungi T.W., and Peterhans E. Macrophages infected with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus release a factor(s) capable of priming uninfected macrophages for activation-induced apoptosis. J. Virol. 71 (1997) 3255-3258
    • (1997) J. Virol. , vol.71 , pp. 3255-3258
    • Adler, B.1    Adler, H.2    Pfister, H.3    Jungi, T.W.4    Peterhans, E.5
  • 2
    • 0028106707 scopus 로고
    • Noncytopathic strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus prime bovine bone marrow-derived macrophages for enhanced generation of nitric oxide
    • Adler H., Frech B., Meier P., Jungi T.W., and Peterhans E. Noncytopathic strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus prime bovine bone marrow-derived macrophages for enhanced generation of nitric oxide. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 202 (1994) 1562-1568
    • (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.202 , pp. 1562-1568
    • Adler, H.1    Frech, B.2    Meier, P.3    Jungi, T.W.4    Peterhans, E.5
  • 3
    • 33947668943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral recognition by Toll-like receptors
    • Barton G.M. Viral recognition by Toll-like receptors. Semin. Immunol. 19 (2007) 33-40
    • (2007) Semin. Immunol. , vol.19 , pp. 33-40
    • Barton, G.M.1
  • 5
    • 36348936640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus escape from the interferon regulatory factor 3 pathway by a passive and active evasion strategy
    • Binder M., Kochs G., Bartenschlager R., and Lohmann V. Hepatitis C virus escape from the interferon regulatory factor 3 pathway by a passive and active evasion strategy. Hepatology 46 (2007) 1365-1374
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , pp. 1365-1374
    • Binder, M.1    Kochs, G.2    Bartenschlager, R.3    Lohmann, V.4
  • 6
    • 18044394182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines in both innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses- and viruses counteract IFN action
    • Bonjardim C.A. Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines in both innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses- and viruses counteract IFN action. Microbes Infect. 7 (2005) 569-578
    • (2005) Microbes Infect. , vol.7 , pp. 569-578
    • Bonjardim, C.A.1
  • 7
    • 0026674719 scopus 로고
    • Secondary structure of the 5′ nontranslated regions of hepatitis C virus and pestivirus genomic RNAs
    • Brown E.A., Zhang H., Ping L.H., and Lemon S.M. Secondary structure of the 5′ nontranslated regions of hepatitis C virus and pestivirus genomic RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 20 (1992) 5041-5045
    • (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.20 , pp. 5041-5045
    • Brown, E.A.1    Zhang, H.2    Ping, L.H.3    Lemon, S.M.4
  • 8
    • 0034908274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of persistent infection with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle is associated with a failure to induce type I interferon
    • Charleston B., Fray M.D., Baigent S., Carr B.V., and Morrison W.I. Establishment of persistent infection with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle is associated with a failure to induce type I interferon. J. Gen. Virol. 82 (2001) 1893-1897
    • (2001) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.82 , pp. 1893-1897
    • Charleston, B.1    Fray, M.D.2    Baigent, S.3    Carr, B.V.4    Morrison, W.I.5
  • 9
    • 0023783496 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody analyses of cytopathic and noncytopathic viruses from fatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infections
    • Corapi W.V., Donis R.O., and Dubovi E.J. Monoclonal antibody analyses of cytopathic and noncytopathic viruses from fatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infections. J. Virol. 62 (1988) 2823-2827
    • (1988) J. Virol. , vol.62 , pp. 2823-2827
    • Corapi, W.V.1    Donis, R.O.2    Dubovi, E.J.3
  • 10
    • 0027245895 scopus 로고
    • 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of pestivirus genome: primary and secondary structure analysis
    • Deng R.T., and Brock K.V. 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of pestivirus genome: primary and secondary structure analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 21 (1993) 1949-1957
    • (1993) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.21 , pp. 1949-1957
    • Deng, R.T.1    Brock, K.V.2
  • 11
    • 33845579097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleic acid agonists for toll-like receptor 7 are defined by the presence of uridine ribonucleotides
    • Diebold S.S., Massacrier C., Akira S., Paturel C., Morel Y., and Sousa C.R.E. Nucleic acid agonists for toll-like receptor 7 are defined by the presence of uridine ribonucleotides. Eur. J. Immunol. 36 (2006) 3256-3267
    • (2006) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.36 , pp. 3256-3267
    • Diebold, S.S.1    Massacrier, C.2    Akira, S.3    Paturel, C.4    Morel, Y.5    Sousa, C.R.E.6
  • 12
    • 24644472832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • rns represents an unusual type of membrane anchor
    • rns represents an unusual type of membrane anchor. J. Virol. 79 (2005) 11901-11913
    • (2005) J. Virol. , vol.79 , pp. 11901-11913
    • Fetzer, C.1    Tews, B.A.2    Meyers, G.3
  • 13
    • 33646555810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 1 interferons and the virus-host relationship: a lesson in détente
    • Garcia-Sastre A., and Biron C.A. Type 1 interferons and the virus-host relationship: a lesson in détente. Science 312 (2006) 879-882
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 879-882
    • Garcia-Sastre, A.1    Biron, C.A.2
  • 16
    • 29144501207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interferon response circuit: Induction and suppression by pathogenic viruses
    • Haller O., Kochs G., and Weber F. The interferon response circuit: Induction and suppression by pathogenic viruses. Virology 344 (2006) 119-130
    • (2006) Virology , vol.344 , pp. 119-130
    • Haller, O.1    Kochs, G.2    Weber, F.3
  • 18
    • 33751232040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NPro product of bovine viral diarrhea virus inhibits DNA binding by interferon regulatory factor 3 and targets it for proteasomal degradation
    • Hilton L., Moganeradj K., Zhang G., Chen Y.H., Randall R.E., McCauley J.W., and Goodbourn S. The NPro product of bovine viral diarrhea virus inhibits DNA binding by interferon regulatory factor 3 and targets it for proteasomal degradation. J. Virol. 80 (2006) 11723-11732
    • (2006) J. Virol. , vol.80 , pp. 11723-11732
    • Hilton, L.1    Moganeradj, K.2    Zhang, G.3    Chen, Y.H.4    Randall, R.E.5    McCauley, J.W.6    Goodbourn, S.7
  • 19
    • 33748051738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors
    • Honda K., and Taniguchi T. IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 6 (2006) 644-658
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.6 , pp. 644-658
    • Honda, K.1    Taniguchi, T.2
  • 22
    • 0347626043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • rns glycoprotein in the control of activation of beta interferon by double-stranded RNA
    • rns glycoprotein in the control of activation of beta interferon by double-stranded RNA. J. Virol. 78 (2004) 136-145
    • (2004) J. Virol. , vol.78 , pp. 136-145
    • Iqbal, M.1    Poole, E.2    Goodbourn, S.3    McCauley, J.W.4
  • 23
    • 0030585155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When two strands are better than one: the mediators and modulators of the cellular responses to double-stranded RNA
    • Jacobs B.L., and Langland J.O. When two strands are better than one: the mediators and modulators of the cellular responses to double-stranded RNA. Virology 219 (1996) 339-349
    • (1996) Virology , vol.219 , pp. 339-349
    • Jacobs, B.L.1    Langland, J.O.2
  • 26
    • 22544449902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of bovine viral diarrhea virus is determined by a cellular cofactor of a viral autoprotease
    • Lackner T., Müller A., König M., Thiel H.J., and Tautz N. Persistence of bovine viral diarrhea virus is determined by a cellular cofactor of a viral autoprotease. J. Virol. 79 (2005) 9746-9755
    • (2005) J. Virol. , vol.79 , pp. 9746-9755
    • Lackner, T.1    Müller, A.2    König, M.3    Thiel, H.J.4    Tautz, N.5
  • 28
    • 33947134377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy-dependent viral recognition by plasmacytoid dendritic cells
    • Lee H.K., Lund J.M., Ramanathan B., Mizushima N., and Iwasaki A. Autophagy-dependent viral recognition by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Science 315 (2007) 1398-1401
    • (2007) Science , vol.315 , pp. 1398-1401
    • Lee, H.K.1    Lund, J.M.2    Ramanathan, B.3    Mizushima, N.4    Iwasaki, A.5
  • 29
    • 0034749555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of RNA synthesis and translation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)
    • Li Y., and McNally J. Characterization of RNA synthesis and translation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Virus Genes 23 (2001) 149-155
    • (2001) Virus Genes , vol.23 , pp. 149-155
    • Li, Y.1    McNally, J.2
  • 31
    • 33845410148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate cytokine responses in porcine macrophage populations: evidence for differential recognition of double-stranded RNA
    • Loving C.L., Brockmeier S.L., Ma W.J., Richt J.A., and Sacco R.E. Innate cytokine responses in porcine macrophage populations: evidence for differential recognition of double-stranded RNA. J. Immunol. 177 (2006) 8432-8439
    • (2006) J. Immunol. , vol.177 , pp. 8432-8439
    • Loving, C.L.1    Brockmeier, S.L.2    Ma, W.J.3    Richt, J.A.4    Sacco, R.E.5
  • 32
    • 33645718864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro-generated viral double-stranded RNA in contrast to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induces interferon-α in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells
    • Löseke S., Grage-Griebenow E., Heine H., Wagner A., Akira S., Bauer S., and Bufe A. In vitro-generated viral double-stranded RNA in contrast to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induces interferon-α in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Scand. J. Immunol. 63 (2006) 264-274
    • (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. , vol.63 , pp. 264-274
    • Löseke, S.1    Grage-Griebenow, E.2    Heine, H.3    Wagner, A.4    Akira, S.5    Bauer, S.6    Bufe, A.7
  • 34
    • 0032428996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous release of stable viral double-stranded RNA into the extracellular medium by influenza virus-infected MDCK epithelial cells: implications for the viral acute phase response
    • Majde J.A., Guha-Thakurta N., Chen Z., Bredow S., and Krueger J.M. Spontaneous release of stable viral double-stranded RNA into the extracellular medium by influenza virus-infected MDCK epithelial cells: implications for the viral acute phase response. Arch. Virol. 143 (1998) 2371-2380
    • (1998) Arch. Virol. , vol.143 , pp. 2371-2380
    • Majde, J.A.1    Guha-Thakurta, N.2    Chen, Z.3    Bredow, S.4    Krueger, J.M.5
  • 35
    • 0026713151 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between double-stranded RNA regulators and the protein kinase DAI
    • Manche L., Green S.R., Schmedt C., and Mathews M.B. Interactions between double-stranded RNA regulators and the protein kinase DAI. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (1992) 5238-5248
    • (1992) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 5238-5248
    • Manche, L.1    Green, S.R.2    Schmedt, C.3    Mathews, M.B.4
  • 38
    • 0031925350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus (Strain NADL) RNA from stable cDNA clones: a cellular insert determines NS3 production and viral cytopathogenicity
    • Mendez E., Ruggli N., Collett M.S., and Rice C.M. Infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus (Strain NADL) RNA from stable cDNA clones: a cellular insert determines NS3 production and viral cytopathogenicity. J. Virol. 72 (1998) 4737-4745
    • (1998) J. Virol. , vol.72 , pp. 4737-4745
    • Mendez, E.1    Ruggli, N.2    Collett, M.S.3    Rice, C.M.4
  • 40
    • 33746028777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response
    • Meylan E., Tschopp J., and Karin M. Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response. Nature 442 (2006) 39-44
    • (2006) Nature , vol.442 , pp. 39-44
    • Meylan, E.1    Tschopp, J.2    Karin, M.3
  • 41
    • 0015326909 scopus 로고
    • Antiviral activity and side-effects of polyriboinosinic-cytidylic acid complexes as affected by molecular size
    • Morahan P.S., Munson A.E., Hamilton L.D., Commerfo S.L., and Regelson W. Antiviral activity and side-effects of polyriboinosinic-cytidylic acid complexes as affected by molecular size. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69 (1972) 842-846
    • (1972) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.69 , pp. 842-846
    • Morahan, P.S.1    Munson, A.E.2    Hamilton, L.D.3    Commerfo, S.L.4    Regelson, W.5
  • 42
    • 0034027669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine viral diarrhoea virus and bovine herpesvirus-1 prime uninfected macrophages for lipopolysaccharide-triggered apoptosis by interferon-dependent and -independent pathways
    • Perler L., Schweizer M., Jungi T.W., and Peterhans E. Bovine viral diarrhoea virus and bovine herpesvirus-1 prime uninfected macrophages for lipopolysaccharide-triggered apoptosis by interferon-dependent and -independent pathways. J. Gen. Virol. 81 (2000) 881-887
    • (2000) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.81 , pp. 881-887
    • Perler, L.1    Schweizer, M.2    Jungi, T.W.3    Peterhans, E.4
  • 45
    • 46449095170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second binding site for double-stranded RNA in TLR3 and consequences for interferon activation
    • Pirher N., Ivicak K., Pohar J., Bencina M., and Jerala R. A second binding site for double-stranded RNA in TLR3 and consequences for interferon activation. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15 (2008) 761-763
    • (2008) Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 761-763
    • Pirher, N.1    Ivicak, K.2    Pohar, J.3    Bencina, M.4    Jerala, R.5
  • 46
    • 36348940608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferons and viruses: an interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures
    • Randall R.E., and Goodbourn S. Interferons and viruses: an interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures. J. Gen. Virol. 89 (2008) 1-47
    • (2008) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.89 , pp. 1-47
    • Randall, R.E.1    Goodbourn, S.2
  • 47
    • 33846990557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organ-specific regulation of innate immunity
    • Raz E. Organ-specific regulation of innate immunity. Nat. Immunol. 8 (2007) 3-4
    • (2007) Nat. Immunol. , vol.8 , pp. 3-4
    • Raz, E.1
  • 48
    • 33947101419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eating in to avoid infection
    • Reis e Sousa C. Eating in to avoid infection. Science 315 (2007) 1376-1377
    • (2007) Science , vol.315 , pp. 1376-1377
    • Reis e Sousa, C.1
  • 50
    • 0027238125 scopus 로고
    • Processing of the envelope glycoproteins of pestiviruses
    • Rümenapf T., Unger G., Strauss J.H., and Thiel H.-J. Processing of the envelope glycoproteins of pestiviruses. J. Virol. 67 (1993) 3288-3294
    • (1993) J. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 3288-3294
    • Rümenapf, T.1    Unger, G.2    Strauss, J.H.3    Thiel, H.-J.4
  • 51
    • 46949092022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential recognition of double-stranded RNA by RIG-I-like receptors in antiviral immunity
    • Saito T., and Gale M. Differential recognition of double-stranded RNA by RIG-I-like receptors in antiviral immunity. J. Exp. Med. 205 (2008) 1523-1527
    • (2008) J. Exp. Med. , vol.205 , pp. 1523-1527
    • Saito, T.1    Gale, M.2
  • 52
    • 0034767753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiviral actions of interferons
    • Samuel C.E. Antiviral actions of interferons. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 14 (2001) 778-809
    • (2001) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.14 , pp. 778-809
    • Samuel, C.E.1
  • 53
    • 0027433731 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a structural glycoprotein of an RNA virus as a ribonuclease
    • Schneider R., Unger G., Stark R., Schneider-Scherzer E., and Thiel H.J. Identification of a structural glycoprotein of an RNA virus as a ribonuclease. Science 261 (1993) 1169-1171
    • (1993) Science , vol.261 , pp. 1169-1171
    • Schneider, R.1    Unger, G.2    Stark, R.3    Schneider-Scherzer, E.4    Thiel, H.J.5
  • 54
    • 33745772364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self" and "nonself" manipulation of interferon defense during persistent infection: bovine viral diarrhea virus resists alpha/beta interferon without blocking antiviral activity against unrelated viruses replicating in its host cells
    • Schweizer M., Mätzener P., Pfaffen G., Stalder H.P., and Peterhans E. Self" and "nonself" manipulation of interferon defense during persistent infection: bovine viral diarrhea virus resists alpha/beta interferon without blocking antiviral activity against unrelated viruses replicating in its host cells. J. Virol. 80 (2006) 6926-6935
    • (2006) J. Virol. , vol.80 , pp. 6926-6935
    • Schweizer, M.1    Mätzener, P.2    Pfaffen, G.3    Stalder, H.P.4    Peterhans, E.5
  • 55
    • 0035037324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus inhibits double-stranded RNA-induced apoptosis and interferon synthesis
    • Schweizer M., and Peterhans E. Noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus inhibits double-stranded RNA-induced apoptosis and interferon synthesis. J. Virol. 75 (2001) 4692-4698
    • (2001) J. Virol. , vol.75 , pp. 4692-4698
    • Schweizer, M.1    Peterhans, E.2
  • 56
    • 0034769960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viruses and interferons
    • Sen G.C. Viruses and interferons. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 55 (2001) 255-281
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.55 , pp. 255-281
    • Sen, G.C.1
  • 57
    • 33748455338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I interferons in host defense
    • Stetson D.B., and Medzhitov R. Type I interferons in host defense. Immunity 25 (2006) 373-381
    • (2006) Immunity , vol.25 , pp. 373-381
    • Stetson, D.B.1    Medzhitov, R.2
  • 58
    • 13944253573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulating intracellular antiviral defense and permissiveness to hepatitis C virus RNA replication through a cellular RNA helicase, RIG-I
    • Sumpter R., Loo Y.M., Foy E., Li K., Yoneyama M., Fujita T., Lemon S.M., and Gale M. Regulating intracellular antiviral defense and permissiveness to hepatitis C virus RNA replication through a cellular RNA helicase, RIG-I. J. Virol. 79 (2005) 2689-2699
    • (2005) J. Virol. , vol.79 , pp. 2689-2699
    • Sumpter, R.1    Loo, Y.M.2    Foy, E.3    Li, K.4    Yoneyama, M.5    Fujita, T.6    Lemon, S.M.7    Gale, M.8
  • 60
    • 39149107423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MDA5/RIG-I and virus recognition
    • Takeuchi O., and Akira S. MDA5/RIG-I and virus recognition. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 20 (2008) 17-22
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Immunol. , vol.20 , pp. 17-22
    • Takeuchi, O.1    Akira, S.2
  • 61
    • 0029798235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytopathogenicity of a pestivirus correlates with a 27-nucleotide insertion
    • Tautz N., Meyers G., Stark R., Dubovi E.J., and Thiel H.-J. Cytopathogenicity of a pestivirus correlates with a 27-nucleotide insertion. J. Virol. 70 (1996) 7851-7858
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 7851-7858
    • Tautz, N.1    Meyers, G.2    Stark, R.3    Dubovi, E.J.4    Thiel, H.-J.5
  • 62
    • 33646571141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel pathways of virus recognition
    • tenOever B.R., and Maniatis T. Parallel pathways of virus recognition. Immunity 24 (2006) 510-512
    • (2006) Immunity , vol.24 , pp. 510-512
    • tenOever, B.R.1    Maniatis, T.2
  • 63
    • 0034715307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine viral diarrhea virus induced apoptosis correlates with increased intracellular viral RNA accumulation
    • Vassilev V.B., and Donis R.O. Bovine viral diarrhea virus induced apoptosis correlates with increased intracellular viral RNA accumulation. Virus Res. 69 (2000) 95-107
    • (2000) Virus Res. , vol.69 , pp. 95-107
    • Vassilev, V.B.1    Donis, R.O.2
  • 65
    • 4544305449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of length and location on the cellular response to double-stranded RNA
    • Wang Q.Q., and Carmichael G.G. Effects of length and location on the cellular response to double-stranded RNA. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68 (2004) 432-452
    • (2004) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.68 , pp. 432-452
    • Wang, Q.Q.1    Carmichael, G.G.2
  • 66
    • 33646453915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-stranded RNA is produced by positive-strand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negative-strand RNA viruses
    • Weber F., Wagner V., Rasmussen S.B., Hartmann R., and Paludan S.R. Double-stranded RNA is produced by positive-strand RNA viruses and DNA viruses but not in detectable amounts by negative-strand RNA viruses. J. Virol. 80 (2006) 5059-5064
    • (2006) J. Virol. , vol.80 , pp. 5059-5064
    • Weber, F.1    Wagner, V.2    Rasmussen, S.B.3    Hartmann, R.4    Paludan, S.R.5
  • 67
    • 0029655758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNase of classical swine fever virus: biochemical characterization and inhibition by virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies
    • Windisch J.M., Schneider R., Stark R., Weiland E., Meyers G., and Thiel H.-J. RNase of classical swine fever virus: biochemical characterization and inhibition by virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. J. Virol. 70 (1996) 352-358
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 352-358
    • Windisch, J.M.1    Schneider, R.2    Stark, R.3    Weiland, E.4    Meyers, G.5    Thiel, H.-J.6
  • 68
    • 33749066159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The double-stranded RNA-induced apoptosis pathway is involved in the cytopathogenicity of cytopathogenic Bovine viral diarrhea virus
    • Yamane D., Kato K., Tohya Y., and Akashi H. The double-stranded RNA-induced apoptosis pathway is involved in the cytopathogenicity of cytopathogenic Bovine viral diarrhea virus. J. Gen. Virol. 87 (2006) 2961-2970
    • (2006) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.87 , pp. 2961-2970
    • Yamane, D.1    Kato, K.2    Tohya, Y.3    Akashi, H.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.