Carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness in HIV-infected patients: The role of HIV, antiretroviral therapy, and lipodystrophy

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 153-161

  Van Vonderen, Marit G A ^a,e   Smulders, Yvo M ^a,b   Stehouwer, Coen D A ^c   Danner, Sven A ^a   Gundy, Chad M ^d   Vos, Frieda ^a   Reiss, Peter ^a   Van Agtmael, Michiel A ^a  

^a Department of Internal Medicine ^*  (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^e MEDICAL CENTER LEEUWARDEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

AIDS; Antiretroviral therapy; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Carotid intima media thickness; HIV associated lipodystrophy syndrome

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT;

ADULT; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMORAL ARTERY; HIV ASSOCIATED LIPODYSTROPHY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INTIMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TUNICA MEDIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOGENICITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; YOUNG MODULUS;

ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CAROTID ARTERIES; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; ELASTIC MODULUS; FEMALE; FEMORAL ARTERY; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HIV-ASSOCIATED LIPODYSTROPHY SYNDROME; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; TUNICA INTIMA;

EID: 60749118073     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31819367cd     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Sterne JA, Hernan MA, Ledergerber B, et al. Long-term effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapy in preventing AIDS and death: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2005;366:378-384.
2. Henry K, Melroe H, Huebsch J, et al. Severe premature coronary artery disease with protease inhibitors. Lancet. 1998;351:1328.
3. Karmochkine M, Raguin G. Severe coronary artery disease in a young HIV-infected man with no cardiovascular risk factor who was treated with indinavir. AIDS. 1998;12:2499.
4. Mary-Krause M, Cotte L, Simon A, et al. Increased risk of myocardial infarction with duration of protease inhibitor therapy in HIV-infected men. AIDS. 2003;17:2479-2486.
5. Holmberg SD, Moorman AC, Williamson JM, et al. Protease inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with HIV-1. Lancet. 2002;360:1747-1748.
6. Triant VA, Lee H, Hadigan C, et al. Increased acute myocardial infarction rates and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with HIV disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:2506-2512.
7. Bozzette SA, Ake CF, Tam HK, et al. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated for human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:702-710.
8. Coplan PM, Nikas A, Japour A, et al. Incidence of myocardial infarction in randomized clinical trials of protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy: an analysis of four different protease inhibitors. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2003;19:449-455.
9. Friis-Moller N, Reiss P, Sabin CA, et al. Class of antiretroviral drugs and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1723-1735.
10. Sabin CA, Worm SW, Weber R, et al. Use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and risk of myocardial infarction in HIV-infected patients enrolled in the D:A:D study: a multi-cohort collaboration. Lancet. 2008;371:1417-1426.
11. Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Schwartz JE, et al. Arterial stiffness in chronic inflammatory diseases. Hypertension. 2005;46:194-199.
12. Tabib A, Greenland T, Mercier I, et al. Coronary lesions in young HIV-positive subjects at necropsy. Lancet. 1992;340:730.
13. El Sadr WM, Lundgren JD, Neaton JD, et al. CD4+ count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2283-2296.
14. Bots ML, Hoes AW, Koudstaal PJ, et al. Common carotid intima-media thickness and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study. Circulation. 1997;96:1432-1437.
15. Lorenz MW, von Kegler S, Steinmetz H, et al. Carotid intima-media thickening indicates a higher vascular risk across a wide age range: prospective data from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS). Stroke. 2006;37:87-92.
16. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, et al. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:14-22.
17. Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Asmar R, et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 2001;37:1236-1241.
18. Cruickshank K, Riste L, Anderson SG, et al. Aortic pulse-wave velocity and its relationship to mortality in diabetes and glucose intolerance: an integrated index of vascular function? Circulation. 2002;106:2085-2090.
19. Blacher J, Guerin AP, Pannier B, et al. Impact of aortic stiffness on survival in end-stage renal disease. Circulation. 1999;99:2434-2439.
20. Willum-Hansen T, Staessen JA, Torp-Pedersen C, et al. Prognostic value of aortic pulse wave velocity as index of arterial stiffness in the general population. Circulation. 2006;113:664-670.
21. Carr A, Emery S, Law M, et al. An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study. Lancet. 2003;361:726-735.
22. van Bortel LM, Duprez D, Starmans-Kool MJ, et al. Clinical applications of arterial stiffness, Task Force III: recommendations for user procedures. Am J Hypertens. 2002;15:445-452.
23. Brands PJ, Hoeks AP, Willigers J, et al. An integrated system for the non-invasive assessment of vessel wall and hemodynamic properties of large arteries by means of ultrasound. Eur J Ultrasound. 1999;9:257-266.
24. Kelly R, Fitchett D. Noninvasive determination of aortic input impedance and external left ventricular power output: a validation and repeatability study of a new technique. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20:952-963.
25. van Bortel LM, Balkestein EJ, van der Heijden-Spek JJ, et al. Non-invasive assessment of local arterial pulse pressure: comparison of applanation tonometry and echo-tracking. J Hypertens. 2001;19:1037-1044.
26. Bonnet D, Aggoun Y, Szezepanski I, et al. Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in HIV-infected children. AIDS. 2004;18:1037-1041.
27. Kumeda Y, Inaba M, Goto H, et al. Increased thickness of the arterial intima-media detected by ultrasonography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46:1489-1497.
28. Jitsuiki K, Yamane K, Nakajima M, et al. Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and carotid intima-media wall thickness in Japanese Americans. Circ J. 2006;70:815-819.
29. Fisher SD, Miller TL, Lipshultz SE. Impact of HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy on leukocyte adhesion molecules, arterial inflammation, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2006;185:1-11.
30. Hsue PY, Lo JC, Franklin A, et al. Progression of atherosclerosis as assessed by carotid intima-media thickness in patients with HIV infection. Circulation. 2004;109:1603-1608.
31. Hsue PY, Hunt PW, Sinclair E, et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness in HIV patients is associated with increased cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell responses. AIDS. 2006;20:2275-2283.
32. Maggi P, Serio G, Epifani G, et al. Premature lesions of the carotid vessels in HIV-1-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors. AIDS. 2000;14:F123-F128.
33. Depairon M, Chessex S, Sudre P, et al. Premature atherosclerosis in HIV-infected individuals - focus on protease inhibitor therapy. AIDS. 2001;15:329-334.
34. Lorenz MW, Stephan C, Harmjanz A, et al. Both long-term HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy are independent risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2008;196:720-726.
35. Currier JS, Kendall MA, Zackin R, et al. Carotid artery intima-media thickness and HIV infection: traditional risk factors overshadow impact of protease inhibitor exposure. AIDS. 2005;19:927-933.
36. Mercie P, Thiebaut R, Lavignolle V, et al. Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-1 infected patients using carotid intima-media thickness measurement. Ann Med. 2002;34:55-63.
37. Seminari E, Pan A, Voltini G, et al. Assessment of atherosclerosis using carotid ultrasonography in a cohort of HIV-positive patients treated with protease inhibitors. Atherosclerosis. 2002;162:433-438.
38. de Saint ML, Vandhuick O, Guillo P, et al. Premature atherosclerosis in HIV positive patients and cumulated time of exposure to antiretroviral therapy (SHIVA study). Atherosclerosis. 2006;185:361-367.
39. Johnsen S, Dolan SE, Fitch KV, et al. Carotid intimal medial thickness in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women: effects of protease inhibitor use, cardiac risk factors, and the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:4916-4924.
40. Mangili A, Gerrior J, Tang AM, et al. Risk of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of HIV-infected adults: a study using carotid ultima-media thickness and coronary artery calcium score. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1482-1489.
41. Mercie P, Thiebaut R, urillac-Lavignolle V, et al. Carotid intima-media thickness is slightly increased over time in HIV-1-infected patients. HIV Med. 2005;6:380-387.
42. Henry RM, Kostense PJ, Spijkerman AM, et al. Arterial stiffness increases with deteriorating glucose tolerance status: the Hoorn Study. Circulation. 2003;107:2089-2095.
43. Laurent S. Arterial wall hypertrophy and stiffness in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 1995;26:355-362.
44. Wang MC, Tsai WC, Chen JY, et al. Stepwise increase in arterial stiffness corresponding with the stages of chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;45:494-501.
45. McEniery CM, Wilkinson IB. Large artery stiffness and inflammation. J Hum Hypertens. 2005;19:507-509.
46. Hingorani AD, Cross J, Kharbanda RK, et al. Acute systemic inflammation impairs endothelium-dependent dilatation in humans. Circulation. 2000;102:994-999.
47. van der Heijden-Spek JJ, Staessen JA, Fagard RH, et al. Effect of age on brachial artery wall properties differs from the aorta and is gender dependent: a population study. Hypertension. 2000;35:637-642.
48. Ferreira I, Henry RM, Twisk JW, et al. The metabolic syndrome, cardiopulmonary fitness, and subcutaneous trunk fat as independent determinants of arterial stiffness: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:875-882.
49. Ferreira I, Twisk JW, van Mechelen W, et al. Current and adolescent body fatness and fat distribution: relationships with carotid intima-media thickness and large artery stiffness at the age of 36 years. J Hypertens 2004;22:145-155.
50. Torriani F. Antiretroviral therapy improves endothelial function in treatment-naive HIV infected patients: a prospective, randomized multicenter trial (A5152s). EACS Dublin. 2005. Ref Type: Abstract.
51. Coll B, Parra S, Alonso-Villaverde C, et al. HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy have higher rates of carotid atherosclerosis: the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Cytokine. 2006;34:51-55.
52. Schillaci G, De Socio Gy Pirro M, et al. Impact of treatment with protease inhibitors on aortic stiffness in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25:2381-2385.
53. van Wijk JP, de Koning EJ, Cabezas MC, et al. Functional and structural markers of atherosclerosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:1117-1123.
54. Paini A, Boutouyrie P, Calvet D, et al. Carotid and aortic stiffness: determinants of discrepancies. Hypertension. 2006;47:371-376.