Baclofen pump implantation and spinal fusion in children: Techniques and complications

Spine

Volumn 33, Issue 18, 2008, Pages 1995-2000

  Borowski, Andrzej ^a,b   Shah, Suken A ^a   Littleton, Aaron G ^a   Dabney, Kirk W ^a   Miller, Freeman ^a  

^a NEMOURS ALFRED I DUPONT HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN   (United States)

^b MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

Author keywords

Cerebral palsy; Complications; Intrathecal baclofen therapy; Posterior spinal fusion

Indexed keywords

BACLOFEN;

ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CATHETER COMPLICATION; CATHETER INFECTION; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVICE INFECTION; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; IMPLANTATION; INFUSION PUMP; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LIQUORRHEA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCHOOL CHILD; SPASTICITY; SPINE FUSION; SPINE MALFORMATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUND DEHISCENCE; ADULT; COMPARATIVE STUDY; METHODOLOGY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BACLOFEN; CHILD; HUMANS; INFUSION PUMPS, IMPLANTABLE; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SPINAL FUSION;

EID: 60549096131     PISSN: 03622436     EISSN: 15281159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31817bab42     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Miller F. Cerebral Palsy. New York: Springer Science Business Media; 2005.
2. Gerszten PC, Albright AL, Johnstone GF. Intrathecal baclofen infusion and subsequent orthopedic surgery in patients with spastic cerebral palsy. J Neurosurg 1998;88:1009-13.
3. Campbell WM, Ferrel A, McLaughlin JF, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of continuous intrathecal baclofen. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002;44:660-5.
4. Zahavi A, Geertzen JH, Middel B, et al. Long term effect (more than five years) of intrathecal baclofen on impairment, disability, and quality of life in patients with severe spasticity of spinal origin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75:1553-7.
5. Penn RD, Kroin JS. Intrathecal baclofen alleviates spinal cord spasticity. Lancet 1984;1:1078.
6. Penn RD, Savoy SM, Corcos D, et al. Intrathecal baclofen for severe spinal spasticity. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1517-21.
7. Albright AL, Barron WB, Fasick MP, et al. Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion for spasticity of cerebral origin. JAMA 1993;270:2475-7.
8. Albright AL. Baclofen in the treatment of cerebral palsy. J Child Neurol 1996;11:77-83.
9. Campbell SK, Almeida GL, Penn RD, et al. The effects of intrathecally administered baclofen on function in patients with spasticity. Phys Ther 1995;75:352-62.
10. Gilmartin R, Bruce D, Storrs BB, et al. Intrathecal baclofen for management of spastic cerebral palsy: multicenter trial. J Child Neurol 2000;15:71-7.
11. Rawicki B. Treatment of cerebral origin spasticity with continuous intrathecal baclofen delivered via an implantable pump: long-term follow-up review of 18 patients. J Neurosurg 1999;9133-6.
12. Kalen V, Conklin MM, Sherman FC. Untreated scoliosis in severe cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 1992;12:337-40.
13. Balmer GA, MacEwen GD. The incidence and treatment of scoliosis in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1970;52:134-7.
14. Majd ME, Muldowny DS, Holt RT. Natural history of scoliosis in the institutionalized adult cerebral palsy population. Spine 1997;22:1461-6.
15. Rosenthal RK, Levine DB, McCarver CL. The occurrence of scoliosis in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 1974;16:664-7.
16. Saito N, Ebara S, Ohotsuka K, et al. Natural history of scoliosis in spastic cerebral palsy. Lancet 1998;351:1687-92.
17. Madigan RR, Wallace SL. Scoliosis in the institutionalized cerebral palsy population. Spine 1981;6:583-90.
18. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, et al. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 1997;39:214-23.
19. Dias RC, Miller F, Dabney K, et al. Surgical correction of spinal deformity using a unit rod in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 1996;16:734-40.
20. Gooch JL, Oberg WA, Grams B, et al. Complications of intrathecal baclofen pumps in children. Pediatr Neurosurg 2003;39:l-6.
21. Albright AL, Cervi A, Singletary J. Intrathecal baclofen for spasticity in cerebral palsy. JAMA 1991;265:1418-22.
22. Gerszten PC, Albright AL, Barry MJ. Effect on ambulation of continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion. Pediatr Neurosurg 1997;27:40-4.
23. Krach LE, Nettleton A, Klempka B. Satisfaction of individuals treated long-term with continuous infusion of intrathecal baclofen by implanted programmable pump. Pediatr Rehabil 2006;9:210-8.
24. Segal LS, Wallach DM, Kanev PM. Potential complications of posterior spine fusion and instrumentation in patients with cerebral palsy treated with intrathecal baclofen infusion. Spine 2005;30:E219 -E224.
25. McCarthy RE. Management of neuromuscular scoliosis. Orthop Clin North Am 1999;30:435-49.
26. Sansone JM, Mann D, Noonan K, et al. Rapid progression of scoliosis following insertion of intrathecal baclofen pump. J Pediatr Orthop 2006;26:125-8.
27. Senaran H, Shah SA, Presedo A, et al. The risk of progression of scoliosis in cerebral palsy patients after intrathecal baclofen therapy. Spine 2007;32:2348-54.
28. Caird MS, Palanca A, Garton H, et al. Case control study of outcomes of spinal fusion in patients with continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion pumps. Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America. Hollywood, FL; 2007:79.
29. Szoke G, Lipton G, Miller F, et al. Wound infection after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 1998;18:727-33.
30. Broom MJ, Banta JV, Renshaw TS. Spinal fusion augmented by luque-rod segmental instrumentation for neuromuscular scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1989;71:32-44.
31. Gersoff WK, Renshaw TS. The treatment of scoliosis in cerebral palsy by posterior spinal fusion with Luque-rod segmental instrumentation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1988;70:41-4.
32. Vender JR, Hester S, Waller JL, et al. Identification and management of intrathecal baclofen pump complications: a comparison of pediatric and adult patients. J Neurosurg 2006;104(1 Suppl):9-15.
33. Albright AL, Awaad Y, Muhonen M, et al. Performance and complications associated with the synchromed 10-ml infusion pump for intrathecal baclofen administration in children. J Neurosurg 2004;101(1 Suppl):64-8.
34. Awaad Y, Tayem H, Munoz S, et al. Functional assessment following intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Child Neurol 2003;18:26-34.
35. Armstrong RW, Steinbok P, Cochrane DD, et al. Intrathecally administered baclofen for treatment of children with spasticity of cerebral origin. J Neurosurg 1997;87:409-14.
36. Wunderlich CA, Krach LE. Gram-negative meningitis and infections in individuals treated with intrathecal baclofen for spasticity: a retrospective study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2006;48:450-5.
37. Galloway A, Falope FZ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in an intrathecal baclofen pump: successful treatment with adjunct intra-reservoir gentamicin. Spinal Cord 2000;38:126-8.
38. Samuel M, Finnerty GT, Rudge P. Intrathecal baclofen pump infection treated by adjunct intrareservoir antibiotic instillation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:1146-7.
39. Zed PJ, Stiver HG, Devonshire V, et al. Continuous intrathecal pump infusion of baclofen with antibiotic drugs for treatment of pump-associated meningitis. Case report. J Neurosurg 2000;92:347-9.
40. Boviatsis EJ, Kouyialis AT, Boutsikakis I, et al. Infected CNS infusion pumps. Is there a chance for treatment without removal? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2004;146:463-7.
41. Kopell BH, Sala D, Doyle WK, et al. Subfascial implantation of intrathecal baclofen pumps in children: technical note. Neurosurgery 2001;49:753-6; discussion 6-7.
42. Albright AL, Gilmartin R, Swift D, et al. Long-term intrathecal baclofen therapy for severe spasticity of cerebral origin. J Neurosurg 2003;98:291-5.
43. Vender JR, Hester S, Rekito A, et al. Baclofen intrathecal pumps delivery systems. Contemporary Neurosurgery 2005;27:l-7.
44. Liu JK, Walker ML. Posterior cervical approach for intrathecal baclofen pump insertion in children with previous spinal fusions. Technical note. J Neurosurg 2005;102(1 Suppl):119-22.