The effect of cognitive, personality, and background factors on the WAIS-III Arithmetic subtest

Applied Neuropsychology

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 49-53

  Karzmark, Peter ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Arithmetic test validity; Mathematical ability; Neuropsychological assessment; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ATTENTION; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MATHEMATICS; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PERSONALITY; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; WECHSLER SCALES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 60549090084     PISSN: 09084282     EISSN: 15324826     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09084280802644144     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Baddeley, A. (1986). Working memory, Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press.
2. Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1993). Beck anxiety inventory: Manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
3. Bowden, S. C., Weiss, L. G., Holdnack, J. A., & Lloyd, D. (2006). Age-related invariance of abilities measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III. Psychological Assessment, 18, 334-339.
4. Burton, D. B., Ryan, J. J., Axelrod, B. N., & Schellenberger, T. (2002). A confirmatory factor analysis of the WAIS-III in a clinical sample with cross-validation in the standardization sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 17, 371-387.
5. Butcher, J. N., Dahlstrom, W. G., Graham, J. R., Tellegen, A., & Kaemmer, B. (1989). MMPI-2: Manual for administration and scoring. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
6. Callens, C. J., & Meltzer, M. L. (1969). Effect of intelligence, anxiety, and diagnosis onc Arithmetic and digit span performance on the WAIS. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 630.
7. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
8. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. (1987). The California verbal learning test. New York: Psychological Corporation.
9. Dickinson, D., Iannone, V. N., & Gold, J. M. (2002). Factor structure of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III in schizophrenia. Assessment, 9, 171-180.
10. Ernst, J., Warner, M. H., Hochberg, M., & Townes, B. D. (1988). Factor analysis of the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological battery including the WAIS and replications using the WAIS-R. International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 10, 103-105.
11. Finlayson, M. A., Johnson, K. A., & Reitan, R. M. (1977). Relationship of level of education to neuropsychological measures in brain-damaged and non-brain-damaged adults. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 536-542.
12. Goodglass, H., & Kaplan, E. (1983). The assessment of aphasia and related disorders (2nd ed.). Philadephia: Lea & Febiger.
13. Golden, C. (1979). Clinical interpretation of objective psychological tests. New York: Grune & Stratton.
14. Heaton, R. K., Miller, S. W., Taylor, M. J., & Grant, I. (2004). Revised comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan battery: Demographically adjusted neuropsychological norms for African-American and Caucasian adults. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.
15. Jones, J. J., van Schaik, P., & Witts, P. (2006). A factor analysis of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (3rd ed; WAIS-III) in a low IQ sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45, 145-152.
16. Karzmark, P. (2000). Validity of the serial seven procedure. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15, 677-679.
17. Kaufman, A. S. (1990). Assessing adolescent and adult intelligence. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
18. Kaufman, A. S., McLean, J. E., & Reynolds, C. R. (1988). Sex, race, residence, region, and education differences on the 11 WAIS-R subtests. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44, 231-248.
19. Lewis, R. F. (1995). Digit Vigilance Test: Professional users guide. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
20. Lezak, M., Howieson, D. B., & Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
21. Lincoln, R. K., Crossen, B., Bauer, R. M., Cooper, P. V., & Velozo, C. A. (1994). Relationship between WAIS-R subtests and language measures after blunt head injury. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 8, 140-152.
22. Matarazzo, J. D. (1972). Wechsler's Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence (5th ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
23. Matarazzo, R. G. (1955). The relationship of manifest anxiety to Wechsler-Bellevue subtest performance. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19, 218.
24. McFie, J. (1975). Assessment of organic intellectual impairment. London: Academic Press.
25. Newby, R. F., Hallenbeck, C. E., & Embertson (Whitely), S. (1983). Confirmatory factor analysis of four general neuropsychological models with a modified Halstead-Reitan battery. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 5, 115-133.
26. Psychological Corporation (The). (1997). WAIS-III and WMS-III technical manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
27. Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1993). The Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery (2nd ed.). Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
28. Ryan, J. J., & Paolo, A. M. (2001). Exploratory factor analysis of the WAIS-III in a mixed patient sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 16, 151-156.
29. Saklofske, D. H., Hildebrand, D. K., & Gorsuch, R. L. (2000). Replication of the factor structure of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (3rd ed.) with a Canadian sample. Psychological Assessment, 12, 436-439.
30. Schmidt, M., Trueblood, W., & Merwin, M. (1994). How much do "attention" tests tell us. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 9, 383-394.
31. Sherman, E. M., Strauss, E., & Spellacy, F. (1997). Testing the validity of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task. The Clinical Neuropsychologists, 11, 34-45.
32. Sherman, E. M., Strauss, E., Spellacy, F., & Hunter, M. (1995). Construct validity of WAIS-R factors: Neuropsychological test correlates in adults referred for possible head injury. Psychological Assessment, 7, 440-444.
33. Siegman, A. W. (1956). Cognitive, affective, and psychopathological correlates of the Taylor manifest Anxiety Scale. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20, 137-141.
34. Swiercinsky, D. P., & Howard, M. E. (1982). Programmatic series of factor analyses for evaluating the structure of neuropsychological test batteries. Clinical Neuropsychology, 4, 147-152.
35. Tulsky, D. S., & Price, L. R. (2003). The joint WAIS-III and WMS-III factor structure: Development and cross-validation of a six-factor model of cognitive functioning. Psychological Assessment, 15, 149-162.
36. Tulsky, D. S., Saklofske, D. H., Chelune, G. J., Heaton, R. K., Ivnik, R. J., Bornstein, R., Prifitera, A., & Ledbetter, M. F. (2003). Clinical interpretation of the WAIS-III and WMS-III. San Diego, ca: Academic Press.
37. Van der Heijden, P., & Donders, J. (2003). A confirmatory factor analysis of the WAIS-III in patients with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 59-65.
38. Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (3rd ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.