Atherosclerotic burden findings in young cryptogenic stroke patients with and without a patent foramen ovale

Stroke

Volumn 40, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 419-425

  Rodés Cabau, Josep ^a   Noel, Martin ^a   Marrero, Alier ^b   Rivest, Donald ^c   Mackey, Ariane ^b   Houde, Christine ^b   Bédard, Elizabeth ^a   Larose, Eric ^a   Verreault, Steve ^b   Peticlerc, Marc ^c   Pibarot, Philippe ^a   Bogaty, Peter ^a   Bertrand, Olivier F ^a  

^a LAVAL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b LAVAL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c Hotel Dieu de Levis Hospital   (Canada)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Carotid arteries; Patent foramen ovale; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CAROTID ARTERIOGRAPHY; CAROTID ARTERY; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE MARKER; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ENDOTHELIUM; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OBESITY; PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SMOKING; STROKE; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; VASODILATATION; ECHOGRAPHY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ADULT; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CAROTID ARTERIES; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, TRANSESOPHAGEAL; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; FEMALE; FORAMEN OVALE, PATENT; HUMANS; ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; STROKE;

EID: 60549086217     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.527507     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Molina CA, Santamarina E, Alvarez-Sabin J. Cryptogenic stroke, aortic arch atheroma and patent foramen ovale. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007;24(suppl l):84-88.
2. Macleod MR, Amarenco P, Davis SM, Donnan GA. Atheroma of the aortic arch:an important and poorly recognised factor in the aetiology of stroke. Lancet Neurol. 2004;3:408-414.
3. Kristensen B, Malm J, Carlberg B, Stegmayr B. Backman C, Fagerlund M, Olsson T. Epidemiology and etiology of ischemic stroke in young adults aged 18 to 44 years in northern Sweden. Stroke. 1997;28:1702-1709.
4. Lamy C, Giannesini C, Zuber M, Arquizan C, Meder JF, Trystram D, Coste J, Mas JL. Clinical and imaging findings in cryptogenic stroke patients with and without patent foramen ovale. The PFO-ASA study. Stroke. 2002;33:706-711.
5. Serena J, Marti-Fabregas J, Santamarina E, Rodríguez JJ, Pérez-Ayuso MJ, Masjuan J, Segura T, Gállego J, Dávalos A. Recurrent stroke and massive right-to-left shunt:results from the prospective Spanish multicentre study (CODICIA study). Stroke. 2008;39:3131-3136.
6. Overell JR, Bone I, Lees KR. Interatrial septal abnormalities and stroke:a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Neurology. 2000;55:1172-1179.
7. De Groot E, Hovingh GK, Wiegman A, Duriez P, Smit AJ, Fruchart JC, Kastelein JJ. Measurement of arterial wall thickness as a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2004;109:11133-38.
8. Faulx MD, Wright AT, Hoit BD. Detection of endothelial dysfunction with brachial artery ultrasound scanning. Am Heart J. 2003;145:943-951.
9. Lane HA, Smith JC, Davies JS. Noninvasive assessment of preclinical atherosclerosis. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2006;2:19-30.
10. Pruissen DM, Gerritsen SA, Prinsen TJ, Dijk JM, Kappelle LJ, Algra A. Carotid intima-media thickness is different in large-and small-vessel ischemic stroke:the SMART study. Stroke. 2007;38:1371-1373.
11. Cupini LM, Pasqualetti P, Diomedi M, Vernieri F, Silvestrini M, Rizzato B, Ferrante F, Bernardi G. Carotid artery intima-media thickness and lacunar versus nonlacunar infarcts. Stroke. 2002;33:689-694.
12. Bots ML, Hoes AW, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Grobbee DE. Common carotid intima-media thickness and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction:the Rotterdam study. Circulation. 1997;96:1432-1437.
13. Targonski PV, Bonetti PO, Pumper GM, Higano ST, Holmes DR, Lerman A. Coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events. Circulation. 2003;107:2805-2809.
14. Perticone F, Ceravolo R, Pujia A, Ventura G, Iacopino S, Scozzafava A, Ferraro A, Chello M, Mastroroberto P, Verdecchia P, Schillaci G. Prognostic significance of endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive patients. Circulation. 2001:104:191-196.
15. Special Report from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Classification of cerebrovascular disease III. Stroke. 1990;21:637-676.
16. Ferro JM. Cardioembolic stroke:an update. Lancet Neurol. 2003;2:177-188.
17. Windecker S, Wahl A, Nedeltchev K, Arnold M, Schwerzmann M, Seller C, Mattle HP, Meier B. Comparison of medical treatment with percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with cryptogenic stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44:750-758.
18. Bédard E, Rodés-Cabau J, Houde C, Mackey A, Rivest D, Cloutier S, Noël M, Marrero A, CôtéJM, Chetaille P, Delisle G, Leblanc MH, Bertrand OF. Enhanced thrombogenesis but not platelet activation is associated with transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale. Stroke. 2007;38:100-104.
19. Mas JL, Arquizan C, Lamy C, Zuber M, Cabanes L, Derumeaux G, Coste J. Recurrent cerebrovascular events associated with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm, or both. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1740-1746.
20. Lonn EM, Yusuf S, Dzavik V, Doris I, Yi Q, Smith S, Moore-Cox A, Bosch J, Riley W, Teo KK. Effects of ramipril and vitamin E on atherosclerosis. The study to evaluate carotid ultrasound changes in patients treated with ramipril and vitamine E (SECURE). Circulation. 2001;103:919-925.
21. Bogaty P, Brophy JM, Noel M, Boyer L, Simard S, Bertrand F, Dagenais GR. Impact of prolonged cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition on inflammatory markers and endothelial function in patients with ischemic heart disease and raised C-reactive protein. A randomized placebo-controlled study. Circulation. 2004;110:934-939.
22. Hu G, Tuomilehto J, Silventoinen K, Sarti C, MännistöS, Jousilahti P. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio on the risk of total and type-specific stroke. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1420-1427.
23. Lakka TA, Lakka HM, Salonen R, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT. Abdominal obesity is associated with accelerated progression of carotid atherosclerosis in men. Atherosclerosis. 2001;154:497-504.
24. Kurth T, Gaziano M, Rexrode KM, Kase CS, Cook NR, Manson JE, Buring JE. Prospective study of body mass index and risk of stroke in apparently healthy women. Circulation. 2005;111:1992-1998.
25. Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. The Growing Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke in Canada 2003. Ottawa:Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada;2003.
26. Amarenco P, Cohen A, Tzourio C, Bertrand B, Hommel M, Besson G, Chauvel C, Touboul PJ, Bousser MG. Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch and the risk of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1474-1479.
27. Jones EF, Kalman JM, Calfiore P, Tonkin AM, Donnan FA. Proximal aortic atheroma. An independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 1995;26:218-224.
28. Stone DA, Hawke ME, LaMonte M, Kittner SJ, Acosta J, Corretti M, Sample C, Price TR, Plotnick G. Ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques in the thoracic aorta are associated with cryptogenic stroke. A multiplane transesophageal echocardiographic study. Am Heart J. 1995;130:105-108.
29. Castellanos M, Serena J, Segura T, Pérez-Ayuso MJ, Silva Y, Davalos A. Atherosclerotic aortic arch plaques in cryptogenic stroke:a microembolic signal monitoring study. Eur Neurol. 2001;45:145-150.
30. Handke M, Harloff A, Olsehewski M, Hetzel A, Geibel A. Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke in older patients. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:2262-2268.
31. Srivastava TN, Payment MF. Images in clinical medicine. Paradoxical embolism-thrombus in transit though a patent foramen ovale. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:681.
32. Cramer SC, Rordorf G, Maki JH, Kramer LA, Grotta JC, Burgin S, Hinchey JA, Benesch C, Furie KL, Lutsep HL, Kelly E, Longstreth WT. Increased pelvic vein thrombi in cryptogenic stroke. Results of the Paradoxical Emboli from Large Veins in Ischemic Stroke (PELVIS) study. Stroke. 2004;35:46-50.
33. Berthet K, Lavergne T, Cohen A, Guize L, Bousser MG, Le Heuzey JY, Amarenco P. Significant association of atrial vulnerability with atrial septal abnormalities in young patients with ischemic stroke of unknown cause. Stroke. 2000;31:398-403.
34. Homma S, Sacco RL, DiTullio MR, Sciacca RR, Mohr JP. Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with PFO:PFO In Cryptogenic Stroke Study. Circulation. 2002;105:2625-2631.
35. Bonati LH, Kessel-Schaefer A, Linka AZ, Buser P, Wetzel SG, Radue EW, Lyrer PA, Engelter ST. Diffusion-weighted imaging in stroke attributable to patent foramen ovale. Significance of concomitant atrial septal aneurysm. Stroke. 2006;37:2030-2034.
36. Santamarina E, Gonzalez-Alujas MT, Munoz V, Rovira A, Rubiera M, Ribo M, Alvarez-Sabin J, Molina CA. Stroke patients with cardiac septal abnormalities:differential infarct patterns on DWI. J Neuroimaging. 2006;16:334-340.
37. Stollberger C, Finsterer J, Slany J. Why is venous thrombosis only rarely detected in patients with suspected paradoxical embolism? Thromb Res. 2002;105:189-191.