Eye-tracking data: New insights on response order effects and other cognitive shortcuts in survey responding

Public Opinion Quarterly

Volumn 72, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 892-913

  Galesic, Mirta ^a,b   Tourangeau, Roger ^a,c   Couper, Mick P ^a,c   Conrad, Frederick G ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 60449100159     PISSN: 0033362X     EISSN: 15375331     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/poq/nfn059     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Cannell, Charles F., Peter V. Miller, and Lois Oksenberg. 1981. "Research on Interviewing Techniques." In Sociological Methodology, 1981, ed. Samuel Leinhardt, pp. 389-437. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
2. Card, Stuart, K., Thomas P. Moran, and Allen Newell. 1983. The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
3. Conrad, Frederick G., and Michael F. Schober. 2000. "Clarifying Question Meaning in a Household Telephone Survey." Public Opinion Quarterly 64:1-28.
4. Conrad, Frederick G., Mick P. Couper, Roger Tourangeau, and Andrey Peytchev. 2006. "Use and Non-use of Clarification Features in Web Surveys." Journal of Official Statistics 22:245-69.
5. Couper, Mick P., Roger Tourangeau, Frederick G. Conrad, and Scott Crawford. 2004. "What They See Is What We Get: Response Options for Web Surveys." Social Science Computing Review 2:111-27.
6. Couper, Mick P., Roger Tourangeau, and Kristen Kenyon. 2004. "Picture This! Exploring Visual Effects in Web Surveys." Public Opinion Quarterly 68:255-66.
7. Graesser, Arthur C., Zhiqiang Cai, Max M. Louwerse, and Frances Daniel. 2006. "Question Understanding Aid (QUAID): A Web Facility that Tests Question Comprehensibility." Public Opinion Quarterly 70:1-20.
8. Gray, Wayne D., and Wai-Tat Fu. 2004. "Soft Constraints in Interactive Behavior: The Case of Ignoring Perfect Knowledge In-The-World for Imperfect Knowledge In-The-Head." Cognitive Science 28:359-82.
9. Ho, Geoffrey, Charles T. Scialfa, Jeff K. Caird, and Trevor Graw. 2001. "Visual Search for Traffic Signs: The Effects of Clutter, Luminance, and Aging." Human Factors 43:194-207.
10. Just, Marcel A., and Patricia A. Carpenter. 1980. "A Theory of Reading: From Eye Fixations to Comprehension." Psychological Review 87:329-54.
11. Kieras, David. 1993. "Using the Keystroke-Level Model to Estimate Execution Times." University of Michigan, available at ftp://www.eecs. umich.edu/people/kieras/GOMS/KLM.pdf.
12. Krosnick, Jon A. 1991. "Response Strategies for Coping with the Cognitive Demands of Attitude Measures in Surveys." Applied Cognitive Psychology 5:213-36.
13. Krosnick, Jon A. 1999. "Survey Research." Annual Review of Psychology 50:537-67.
14. Krosnick, Jon A., and Duane Alwin. 1987. "An Evaluation of a Cognitive Theory of Response-Order Effects in Survey Measurement." Public Opinion Quarterly 51:201-20.
15. Land, Michael F., and Mary Hayhoe. 2001. "In What Ways Do Eye Movements Contribute to Everyday Activities." Vision Research 41:3559-65.
16. Land, Michael F., Neil Mennie, and Jenny Rusted. 1999. "The Roles of Vision and Eye Movements in the Control of Activities of Daily Living." Perception 28:1311-28.
17. Liechty, John, Rik Pieters, and Michel Wedel. 2003. "Global, and Local Covert Visual Attention: Evidence from, a Bayesian Hidden Markov Model." Psychometrika 68:519-41.
18. Miller, Joanne M., and Jon A. Krosnick. 1998. "The Impact of Candidate Name Order on Election Outcomes." Public Opinion Quarterly 62:291-330.
19. Pieters, Rik, Edward Rosbergen, and Michel Wedel. 1999. "Visual Attention to Repeated Print Advertising: A Test of Scanpath Theory." Journal of Marketing Research 36:424-38.
20. Rayner, Keith. 1998. "Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing: 20 Years of Research." Psychological Bulletin 124:372-422.
21. Rayner, Keith, Caren M. Rotello, Andrew J. Stewart, Jessica Keir, and Susan A. Duffy. 2001. "Integrating Text and Pictorial Information: Eye Movements When Looking at Print Advertisements." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 7:219-26.
22. Redline, Cleo D., and Christopher P. Lankford. 2001. "Eye-Movement Analysis: A New Tool for Evaluating the Design of Visually Administered Instruments (Paper and Web)." Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section of the American Statistical Association, available at www.amstat.org/Sections/Srms/Proceedings/y2001/Proceed/00248.pdf.
23. Schober, Michael F., and Frederick G. Conrad. 1997. "Does Conversational Interviewing Reduce Survey Measurement Error?" Public Opinion Quarterly 61:576-603.
24. Schober, Michael F., Frederick G. Conrad, and Scott S. Fricker. 2004. "Misunderstanding Standardized Language in Research Interviews." Applied Cognitive Psychology 17:22-41.
25. Schuman, Howard, and Stanley Presser. 1981. Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
26. Thomas, Lisa C., and Christopher D. Wickens. 2004. "Eye-Tracking and Individual Differences in Off-Normal Event Detection When Flying With a Synthetic Vision System Display." Paper read at Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 48th Annual. Meeting, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
27. Tourangeau, Roger. 1984. "Cognitive Science and Survey Methods." In Cognitive Aspects of Survey Design: Building a Bridge Between Disciplines, eds. Thomas B. Jabine, Miron L. Straf, Judith M. Tanur, and Roger Tourangeau, pp. 73-100. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
28. Tourangeau, Roger, Fred G. Conrad, Zachary Arens, Scott Fricker, Sunghee Lee, and Elisha Smith. 2006. "Everyday Concepts and Classification Errors: Judgments of Disability and Residence." Journal of Official Statistics 22:385-418.
29. Wedel, Michel, and Rik Pieters. 2000. "Eye Fixations on Advertisements and Memory for Brands: A Model and Findings." Marketing Science 19:297-312.
30. Woltman-Elpers, Josephine L. C. M., Michel Wedel, and Rik G. M. Pieters. 2003. "Why Do Consumers Stop Viewing Television Commericals? Two Experiments on the Influence of Moment-to-Moment Entertainment and Information Value." Journal of Marketing Research 40:437-53.