The 1997/98 El Niño: A test for climate models

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 31, Issue 12, 2004, Pages

  Lu, Riyu ^a   Dong, Buwen ^b   Cess, Robert D ^c   Potter, Gerald L ^d  

^a INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS   (China)

^b MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

^c STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATOLOGY; CLOUDS; GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS; SEA LEVEL; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; OCEANOGRAPHY; SURFACE WATERS;

HADLEY CENTER ATMOSPHERIC MODEL (HADAM3); SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; STRUCTURAL CHANGES; TEMPERATURE GRADIENT;

CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE MODELS;

CLIMATE MODELING; COMPARATIVE STUDY; EL NINO; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; PERTURBATION;

ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; CLOUD ALTITUDES; CLOUD STRUCTURE; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS; WALKER CIRCULATION;

EID: 6044250251     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004GL019956     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Allan, R. P., A. Slingo, and M. A. Ringler (2002), Influence of dynamics on the changes in tropical cloud radiative forcing during the 1998 El Niño, J. Climate, 15, 1979-1986.
2. Bell, G. D., M. S. Halpert, C. F. Ropelewski, V. E. Kousky, A. V. Douglas, R. C. Schnell, and M. E. Gelman (1999), Climate assessment for 1998, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 80, S1-S48.
3. Cess, R., M. Zhang, P. Wang, and B. Wielicki (2001), Cloud structure anomalies over the tropical Pacific during the 1997/98 El Niño, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4547-4550.
4. Hartmann, D. L., L. A. Moy, and Q. Fu (2001), Tropical convection and the energy balance at the top of the atmosphere, J. Climate, 14, 4495-4511.
5. Kandel, R., et al. (1998), The ScaRaB radiation budget data set, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 765-783.
6. Kiehl, J. T. (1994), On the observed near cancellation between longwave and shortwave cloud forcing in tropical regions, J. Climate, 7, 559-565.
7. Kiehl, J., and V. Ramanathan (1990), Comparison of cloud forcing derived from Earth Radiation Budget Experiment with that simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,679-11,698.
8. Kistler, R., et al. (2001), The NCEP-NCAR 50-year reanalysis: Monthly means CD-ROM and documentation, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 82, 247-267.
9. Pope, V D., M. L. Gallani, P. R. Roundtree, and R. A. Stratton (2000), The impact of new physical parameterizations in the Hadley Centre climate model-HadAM3, Climate Dyn., 16, 123 -126.
10. Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith (1994), Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation, J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
11. Smith, T. M., and R. W. Reynolds (1998), A high-resolution global sea surface temperature climatology for the 1961-90 base period, J. Climate, 11, 3320-3323.
12. Trenberth, K., and T. Hoar (1996), The 1990-1995 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event: Longest on record, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 57-60.
13. Wielicki, B. A., et al. (2002), Evidence for large decadal variability in the tropical mean radiative energy budget, Science, 295, 841-844.