Subtropical cirrus cloud extinction to backscatter ratios measured by Raman Lidar during CAMEX-3

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 31, Issue 12, 2004, Pages

  Whiteman, D N ^a   Demoz, B ^a   Wang, Z ^b  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACKSCATTERING; HURRICANES; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; OPTICAL RADAR; SCANNING; CLOUDS; NASA;

CIRRUS CLOUDS; EXTINCTION-TO-BACKSCATTER RATIOS; PARAMETERIZATIONS; RAMAN LIDARS; SPACE-BASED RETRIEVALS;

CLOUDS; OPTICAL RADAR;

CIRRUS; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; EXTINCTION; HURRICANE; OPTICAL PROPERTY;

BACKSCATTER LIDAR; BAHAMAS; CIRRUS CLOUDS; CLOUD OPTICAL DEPTH; EXTINCTION-TO-BACKSCATTER RATIO; LIDAR RETRIEVAL; RAMAN LIDAR; SPACE-BASED;

EID: 6044233302     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004GL020003     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Ansmann, A., U. Wandinger, M. Riebesell, C. Weitkamp, and W. Michaelis (1992), Independent measurements of extinction and backscatter profiles in cirrus clouds by using a combined Raman elastic-backscatter lidar, Appl. Opt., 31, 7113-7131.
2. Comstock, J. M., T. P. Ackerman, and G. G. Mace (2002), Ground based lidar and radar remote sensing of tropical cirrus clouds at Nauru Island: Cloud statistics and radiative impacts, J Geophys. Res., 107, 4714, doi: 10. 1029/2002JD002203.
3. Chen, W.-N., C.-W. Chiang, and J.-B. Nee (2002), Lidar ratio and depolarization ratio for cirrus clouds, Appl. Opt., 41, 6470-6476.
4. Del Guasta, M. (2001), Simulation of LIDAR returns from pristine and deformed hexagonal ice prisms in cold cirrus clouds by means of " face tracing," J Geophys. Res. 106, 12,589-12,602.
5. Eloranta, E. W. (1998), Practical model for the calculation of multiply scattered lidar returns, Appl. Opt., 37, 2464-2472.
6. Eloranta, E. W. (2000), A high spectral resolution lidar for long-term unattended operation in the Arctic, paper presented at ARM Science Team Meeting, Atmos. Radiat. Meas. Program, San Antonio, Tex.
7. Immler, F., and O. Schrems (2002), Determination of tropical cirrus properties by simultaneous LIDAR and radiosonde measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(23), 2090, doi:10.1029/2002GL015076.
8. King, M. D. (1999), EOS Science Plan The state of science in the EOS program, NASA Goddard Space Flight Cent., Greenbelt, Md. (Available at http://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceℏan/index.php.)
9. Klett, J. D. (1981), Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar returns,Appl. Opt., 20, 211-220.
10. Liou, K.-N. (1986), The influence of cirrus on weather and climate processes, A global perspective, Mon. Weather Rev., 114, 1167-1199.
11. Mace, G. G., E. E. Clothiaux, and T. P. Ackerman (2001), The composite characteristics of cirrus clouds: Bulk properties revealed by the one year of continuous cloud radar data, J Clim., 14, 2185-2203.
12. McFarquher, G. M., A. J. Heymsfield, J. D. Spinhime, and B. Hart (2000), Thin and subvisual tropical cirrus: Observation and radiative impacts, J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1841-1853.
13. Platt, C. M. R. (2002), LIRAD observations of tropical cirrus clouds in MCTEX Part I: Optical properties and detection of small particles in cold cirrus, J Annos. Sci., 59, 3145-3162.
14. Platt, C. M. R., J. C. Scott, and A. C. Dilley (1987), Remote sensing of high clouds, part IV, Optical properties of midlatitude and tropical cirrus, J Atmos. Sci., 44, 729-747.
15. Platt, C. M. R., S. A. Young, P. J. Manson, G. R. Patterson, S. C. Marsden, R. T. Austin, and J. H. Churnside (1998), The optical properties of equatorial cirrus from observations in the ARM Pilot Radiation Observation Experiment, J Atmos. Sci., 55, 1977-1996.
16. Reichardt, J., M. Hess, and A. Macke (2000), Lidar inelastic multiplescattering parameters of cirrus particle ensembles determined with geometrical-optics crystal phase functions, Appl. Opt., 39, 1895-1910.
17. Reichardt, J., S. Reichardt, A. Behrendt, and T. J. McGee (2002), Correlations among the optical properties of cinrus-cloud particles: Implications for spaceborne remote sensing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 14), 1668, doi: 10. 1029/2002GLO14836.
18. Sakai, T., T. Nagai, M. Nakazato, Y. Mano, and T. Matsumura (2003), Ice clouds and Asian dust studied with lidar measurements of particle extinction-to-backscatter ratio, particle depolarization, and water vapor mixing ratio over Tsukuba, Appl. Opt., 42, 7103-7116.
19. Sassen, K., and J. M. Comstock (2001), A midlatitude cirrus cloud climatology from the facility for atmospheric remote sensing. Part III: Radiative properties, J Atmos. Sci., 58, 2113-2127.
20. Sassen, K., R. P. Benson, and J. D. Spinhime (2000), Tropical cirrus cloud properties derived from TOGA/COARE airborne polarization lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 673-676.
21. Sassen, K., W. P. Arnott, D. O'C Staff, G. Mace, Z. Wang, and M. Poellet (2003), Midlatitude cirrus clouds derived from Hurrican Nora: A case study with implications for ice crystal nucleation and shape, J Annos. Sci., 60, 873-891.
22. Wandinger, U. (1998), Multiple-scattering influence on extinction- and backscatter-coefficient measurements with Raman and high-spectral-resolution lidars, Appl. Opt., 37(3), 417-427.
23. Wang, P.-H., P. Minnis, M. P. McCormick, G. S. Kent, and K. M. Skeens (1996), A 6-year climatology of cloud occurrence frequency from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II observations (1985-1990), J Geophys. Res., 101, 29,407-29,429.
24. Wang, Z., and K. Sassen (2002), Cirrus cloud microphysical property retrieval using lidar and radar measurements. Part II: Midlatitude cirrus microphysical and radiative properties, J Atmos. Sci., 57, 2291-2302.
25. Whiteman, D. N. (2003a), Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. I. Evaluating the temperature-dependent lidar equations, Appl Opt., 42, 2571-2592.
26. Whiteman, D. N. (2003b), Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. II. Evaluating the ratios for water vapor and aerosols, Appl Opt., 42, 2593-2608.
27. Whiteman, D. N., and S. H. Melfi (1999), Cloud liquid water, mean droplet radius, and number density measurements using a Raman lidar, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31,411-31,419.
28. Whiteman, D. N., S. H. Melfi, and R. A. Ferrare (1992), Raman lidar system for measurement of water vapor and aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere, Appl. Opt., 31, 3068-3082.
29. Whiteman, D. N., et al. (2001), Raman lidar measurements of water vapor cirrus clouds during the passage of Hurricane Bonnie, J Geophys. Res., 106, 5211-5225.