A climatology of the F-layer equivalent winds derived from ionosonde measurements over two decades along the 120°-150° E sector

Annales Geophysicae

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 2785-2796

  Luan, X ^a,b,c   Liu, L ^a   Wan, W ^a   Lei, J ^a,b,c   Yu, T ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

^b Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics   (China)

^c Graduate School   (China)

Author keywords

Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (thermospheric dynamics, meridional wind, electric field drift, equivalent winds)

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC FIELD; F REGION; IONOSPHERE; WIND MEASUREMENT;

EID: 6044224762     PISSN: 09927689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/angeo-22-2785-2004     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Balan, N., Bailey, G. J., Moffett, R. J., Su, Y. Z., and Titheridge, J. E.: Modelling studies of the conjugate-hemisphere differences in ionospheric ionization at equatorial anomaly latitudes, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 57, 279-292, 1995.
2. Biondi, M. A., Sazykin, S. Y., Fejer, B. G., Meriwether, J. W., and Fesen, C. G.: Equatorial and low latitude thermospheric winds: Measured quiet time variation with season and solar flux from 1980 to 1990, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 17 091-17 106, 1999.
3. Bittencourt, J. A. and Abdu, M. A.: A theoretical comparison between apparent and real vertical ionization drift velocitys in the equatorial F region, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 2451-2434, 1981.
4. Buonsanto, M. J. and Titheridge, J. E.: Diurnal variations in the flux of ionisation above the F2 peak in the northern and Southern Hemispheres, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 49, 1093-1105, 1987.
5. Buonsanto, M. J.: Observed and calculated F2 peak height and derived meridional winds at mid-latitudes over a full solar cycle, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 52, 223-240, 1990.
6. Buonsanto, M. J., Starks, M. J., Titheridge, J. E., Richards, P. G., and Miller, K. L.: Comparison of techniques for derivation of neutral meridional winds from ionospheric data, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 14 477-14 484, 1997.
7. Buonsanto, M. J. and Witasse, O. G.: An updated climatology of thermospheric neutral winds and F region ion drifts above Millstone Hill, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 24 675-24 687, 1999.
8. Chan, H. F. and Walker, G. O.: Computer simulations of the ionospheric equatorial anomaly in East Asia for equinoctial, solar minimum conditions. Part II- results and discussion of wind effects, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 46, 1113-1120, 1984.
9. Dudency, J. R.: The accuracy of simple methods for determining the height of the maximum electron concentration of the F2-layer from scaled ionospheric characteristics, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 45, 629-640, 1983.
10. Emmert, J. E., Fejer, B. G., and Sipler, D. P.: Climatology and latitudinal gradients of quiet time thermospheric neutral winds over Millstone Hill from Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A5), 1196, doi:10.1029/2002JA009765, 2003.
11. Fejer, B. G., de Paula, E. R., Bastista, I. S., Bonelli, E., and Woodman, R. F.: Equatorial F region vertical plasma drifts during solar Maxima, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 12 049-12 054, 1989.
12. Fejer, B. G., Emmert, J. T., and Sipler, D. P.: Climatology and storm time dependence of nighttime thermospheric neutral winds over Millstone Hill, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A5), 1052, doi:10.1029/2001JA000300, 2002.
13. Foppiano, A. J., Torres, X. A., Arriagada, M. A., and Flores, P. A.: Meridional thermospheric winds over the Antarctic Peninsula longitude sector, J. Atoms. Terr. Phys., 65, 305-314, 2003.
14. Hagan, M. E.: Quiet upper thermospheric winds over Millstone Hill between 1984 and 1990, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 3731-3739, 1993.
15. Hedin, A. E.: MSIS-86 thermospheric model, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4649-4662, 1987.
16. Hedin, A. E., Fleming, E. L., Manson, A. H., Schmidlin, F. J., Avery, S. K., Clark, R. R., Franke, S. J., Fraser, G. J., Tsuda, T., Vial, F., and Vincent, R. A.: Empirical wind model for the upper, middle and lower atmosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 58, 1421-1447, 1996.
17. Igi, S., Oliver, W. L., and Ogawa, T.: Solar cycle variations of the thermospheric meridional wind over Japan derived from measurements of hmF2, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 22 427-22 431, 1999.
18. Karpachev, A. T. and Gasilov, N. A.: Zonal and meridional wind components derived from intercosmos-19 hmF2 measurements, Adv. Space Res., 27, 1245-1252, 2001.
19. Kawamura, S., Otsuka, Y., Zhang, S.-R., Fukao, S., and Oliver, W. L.: A climatology of middle and upper atmosphere radar observations of thermospheric winds, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 12 777-12 788, 2000.
20. Liu, L., Luan, X., Wan, W., Lei, J., and Ning, B.: Seasonal behaviors of equivalent winds over wuhan derived from ionospheric data in 2000-2001, Adv. Space Res., 32, 1765-1770, 2003a.
21. Liu, L., Luan, X., Wan, W., Ning, B., and Lei, J.: A new approach to the derivation of dynamic information from ionosonde measurements, Ann. Geophys., 21, 2185-2191, 2003b.
22. Liu, L., Wan, W., Luan, X., Ning, B., and Lei, J.: Solar activity dependence of the effective winds derived from ionospheric data at Wuhan, Adv. Space Res, 32, 1719-1724, 2003c.
23. Miller, K. L., Richards, P. G., and Wu, H. Y.: A global-scale study of meridional winds and electron densities in the F-region during the Sundial campaign, Ann. Geophys., 11, 572-584, 1993.
24. Miller, K. L., Lemon, M., and Richards, P. G.: A meridional wind climatology from a fast model for the derivation of meridional winds from the height of the ionospheric F2 region, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 59, 1805-1822, 1997.
25. Oliver, W. L. and Salah, J. E.: The global thermospheric mapping study, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4039-4059, 1988.
26. Pesnell, W. D., Omidvar, K., and Hoegy, W. R.: Momentum transfer collision frequency of 0+-0, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1343-1346, 1993.
27. Rishbeth, H.: The effect of winds on the ionospheric F2-peak, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 29, 225-238, 1967.
28. Rishbeth, H., Ganguly, S., and Walker, J. C. G.: Field-aligned and field-perpendicular velocities in the ionospheric F2 layer, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 40, 767-784, 1978.
29. Salah, J. E., Hernandez, G., Roble, R. G., and Emery, B. A.: Longitudinal and latitudinal dependences of the thermospheric winds from incoherent scatter radar and optical emission Doppler shift measurements, Ann. Geophys., 5, 359-362, 1987.
30. Scherliess, L. and Fejer, B. G.: Radar and satellite global equatorial F region vertical drift model, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 6829-6842, 1999.
31. Titheridge, T. E.: The calculation of neutral winds from ionospheric data, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 57, 1015-1036, 1995a.
32. Titheridge, J. E.: Winds in the ionosphere-A review, J. Atmos, Terr. Phys., 57, 1681-1714, 1995b.
33. Wickwar, V. B.: Global thermospheric studies of neutral dynamics using incoherent-scatter radars, Adv. Space Res., 9, 87-102, 1989.
34. Zhang, S.-R., Huang, X.-Y. and Su, Y.-Z.: Monthly average behavior and oscillation of derived ionospheric drifts, Report UAG-104, WDC-A for STP, NOAA, Boulder Co., January 1995.
35. Zhang, S.-R., Oliver, W. L., and Fukao, S.: MU Radar Ion Drift Model, Adv. Space Res., 27, 115-120, 2001.