Prediction of soot and carbon monoxide production in a ventilated tunnel fire by using a computer simulation

Fire Safety Journal

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 394-406

  Wang, H Y ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE POITIERS   (France)

Author keywords

Critical wind velocity; Large eddy simulation; Smoke backflow; Toxic products; Tunnel fire

Indexed keywords

CARBON MONOXIDE; COMBUSTION; FIRES; HEAT FLUX; NAVIER STOKES EQUATIONS; SMOKE; SOOT; VELOCITY; VENTILATION;

CRITICAL VENTILATION VELOCITY; CRITICAL WIND VELOCITY; HEAT RELEASE; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION; RELEASE RATE; SMOKE BACKFLOW; TOXIC PRODUCTS; TUNNEL FIRES; VENTILATED TUNNELS;

LARGE EDDY SIMULATION;

EID: 59749096728     PISSN: 03797112     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2008.08.007     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Lavid M., and Berlad A.L. Gravitational effects on chemically reacting boundary layer flows over a horizontal flat plate, in: Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion (1976), The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh pp. 1157-1167
2. Putnam A.A. A model study of wind-blown free-burning fires, in: Tenth Symposium (International) on Combustion (1963), The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh pp. 1039-1049
3. A. Guelzim, J.M. Souil, J.P. Vantelon, D.K. Sou, Modelling of a reverse layer of fire induced smoke in a tunnel, in: Fire Safety Science Proceeding of the Fourth International Symposium, 1994, pp. 277-288.
4. Oka Y., and Atkinson G.T. Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires. Fire Saf. J. 25 (1996) 305-322
5. Kunsch J.P. Simple model for control of fire gases in a ventilated tunnel. Fire Saf. J. 37 (2002) 67-81
6. Kennedy W.D., Gonzales J.A., and Sanchez J.G. Derivation and application of the SES critical velocity equations. ASHRAE Trans.: Res. 102 2 (1996) 40-44
7. Wu Y., and Bakar M.Z.A. Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires using longitudinal ventilation systems-a study of the critical velocity. Fire Saf. J. 35 (2000) 363-390
8. G. Kolb, J.L. Torero, J.M. Most, P. Joulain, Cross flow effects on the flame height of an intermediate scale diffusion flame, in: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fire and Technology, Seoul, Korea, 1997, pp. 169-177.
9. Woodburn P.J., and Britter R.E. CFD simulations of a tunnel fire-Part I. Fire Saf. J. 26 (1996) 35-62
10. Fletcher D.F., Kent J.H., Apte V.B., and Green A.R. Numerical simulations of smoke movement from a pool fire in a ventilated tunnel. Fire Saf. J. 23 (1994) 305-325
11. V.B. Apte, A.R. Green, J.H. Kent, Pool fire plume flow in a large-scale wind tunnel, Fire Safety Science Proceeding of the Third International Symposium, 1991, pp. 277-288.
12. P. Chassé, Sensitivity study of different modelling techniques for the computer simulation of tunnel fires, comparison with experimental measures, in: CFDS International Users Conference, AEA Technology, UK, 1993.
13. Woodburn P.J., and Britter R.E. CFD simulations of a tunnel fire-Part II. Fire Saf. J. 26 (1996) 63-90
14. Hwang C.C., and Edwards J.C. The critical ventilation velocity in tunnel fires-a computer simulation. Fire Saf. J. 40 (2005) 213-244
15. K. McGrattan, Fire Dynamics Simulator-Technical Reference Guide, NIST Special Publication 1018, 2007.
16. Peters A.A.F., and Weber R. Mathematical modelling of a 2.25 MW swirling natural gas flame. Part 1: eddy break-up concept for turbulent combustion; probability density function approach for nitric oxide formation. Combust. Sci. Tech. 110-111 (1995) 67-101
17. Tesner P.A., Tsygankova E.I., et al. The formation of soot from aromatic hydrocarbons in diffusion flames of hydrocarbon-hydrogen mixtures. Combust. Flame 17 (1971) 279-285
18. Wang H.Y., Joulain P., and Most J. On the numerical modelling of buoyancy-dominated turbulent diffusion flames by using large-eddy simulation and k-ε turbulence model. Combust. Sci. Tech. 176 (2004) 1007-1034
19. Smagorinsky J. General circulation experiments with the primitive equations I. The basic experiment. Mon. Weather Rev. (1963) 91-99
20. Huggett C. Estimation of the rate of heat release by means of oxygen consumption measurements. Fire Mater. 4 (1980) 61-85
21. Wen Z., Yun S., Thomson M.J., and Lightstone M.F. Modeling soot formation in turbulent kerosene/air jet diffusion flames. Combust. Flame 135 (2003) 323-340
22. Magnussen F., and Hjertager B.H. On mathematical modelling of turbulent combustion with special emphasis on soot formation and combustion. Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion (1977), The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh 719-729
23. Sherman C.P., Cheung, Richard K.K., et al. Contribution of soot particles on global radiative heat transfer in a two-compartment fire. Fire Saf. J. 39 (2004) 412-428
24. Modak A.T. Radiation from products of combustion. Fire Res. 1 (1979) 339-363
25. Massachusetts Highway Department. Memorial tunnel fire ventilation test program, Test Report, Boston, MA, 1995.
26. Hwang C.C., and Wargo J.D. Experimental study of thermally generated reverse stratified layers in a fire tunnel. Combust. Flame 66 (1986) 171-180