Neonatal Opiate Withdrawal: Pharmacologic Management

Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 62-69

  D'Apolito, Karen ^a  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF NURSING   (United States)

Author keywords

Finnegan score; Neonatal abstinence syndrome; Opiate withdrawal

Indexed keywords

EID: 59649097010     PISSN: 15273369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.nainr.2008.12.009     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Results for the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. National Findings (NSDUH Series H-34, DHHS Publication No. SMA 08-4343) (2008). Available at: www.oas.SAMHSA.gov/NSDH/2k7NSDUH/2k7results.cfm#2.6 [Retrieved January 8, 2009]
2. National Survey on Drug Use & Health. Department of Health & Human Services: SAMHSA (2007). http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduhLatest.htm
3. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs: Neonatal drug withdrawal. Pediatrics 101 (1998) 1079-1088
4. Merker L., Higgens L., and Kinnare E. Assessing narcotic addiction in neonates. Pediatr Nurs 11 (1985) 177-181
5. Hamdan A. Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Emedicine (2008) 1-15. www.emedicine.com/ped/TOPIC2760.HTM
6. Kaltenbach K., and Finnegan L. Neonatal abstinence: pharmacotherapy and developmental outcome. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 8 (1986) 353-355
7. Finnegan L., Connaughton J., Kron R., et al. Neonatal abstinence syndrome: assessment and management. Addict Dis 2 (1975) 141-158
8. Ostrea E., Chavez C., and Strauss M. A study of factors that influence the severity of neonatal narcotic withdrawal. Addict Dis 2 (1975) 187-199
9. Wachsman L., Schuetz C., and Wingert W. What happens to babies exposed to phencyclidine (PCP) in utero?. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 5 (1989) 31-39
10. Alroomi L., Davidson J., Evan T., et al. Maternal narcotic abuse and the newborn. Arch Dis Child 63 (1988) 81-83
11. Gorski P., Davidson M., and Brazelton T.B. Stages of behavioral organization in the high-risk neonate: theoretical and clinical considerations. Semin Perinatol 3 (1979) 61-72
12. Suresh S., and Anand S. Opiate tolerance in neonates: mechanisms, diagnosis, assessment and management. Semin Perinatol 22 (1998) 425-433
13. Finnegan L., and McNew B. Care of the addicted infant. Am J Nurs 74 (1974) 685-693
14. Rosette H., Ouellette E., Weiner L., et al. Therapy of heavy drinking during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 51 (1988) 41-46
15. Powell J. The tragedy of fetal alcohol syndrome. RN 33 (1981) 94-96
16. Scher M., Richardson G., Goble P., et al. The effects of prenatal alcohol and marijuana exposure: disturbances in neonatal sleep, cycling and arousal. Pediatr Res 24 (1988) 101-105
17. Oro A., and Dixon S. Perinatal cocaine and methamphetamine exposure: maternal and neonatal correlates. J Pediatr 111 (1987) 571-578
18. Desmond M., Schwanecke R., Wilson G., et al. Maternal barbiturate utilization and neonatal withdrawal symptomatology. J Pediatr 80 (1972) 190-197
19. Kaltenbach K., Berghella V., and Finnegan L. Opioid dependence during pregnancy: effects and management. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 25 (1998) 139-151
20. Kandall S., Doberczak T., Jantuenem M., et al. The methadone-maintained pregnancy. Clin Perinatol 26 (1999) 173-183 (review)
21. Dashe J., Sheffield J., Olscher D., et al. Relationship between maternal methadone dosage and neonatal withdrawal. Obstet Gynecol 100 (2002) 1244-1249
22. Harper R., Sloish G., Feingold E., et al. Maternal ingested methadone, body fluid methadone, and the neonatal withdrawal syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 129 (1977) 417-424
23. Tatiana M., Doberczak M., Stephen R., et al. Relationships between maternal methadone dosage, maternal-neonatal methadone levels, and neonatal withdrawal. Obstet Gynecol 81 (1993) 936-940
24. Rosen T., and Pippenger C. Pharmacologic observations on the neonatal withdrawal syndrome. J Pediatr 88 (1976) 1044-1048
25. Mack G., Thomas D., Giles W., et al. Methadone concentrations and neonatal withdrawal. J Pediatr Child Health 27 (1991) 96-100
26. Kuschel C., Austerberry L., Cornwell M., et al. Can methadone concentrations predict the severity of withdrawal in infants at risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 89 (2004) F390-F393
27. Berghetta V., Lim P., Hill M., et al. Maternal methadone dose and neonatal withdrawal. Am J Obstet Gynecol 189 (2003) 312-317
28. Stewart C., and Hampton E. Effects of maturation on drug disposition in pediatric patients. Clin Pharm 6 (1987) 548-564
29. Reed M., and Besunder J. Developmental pharmacology: ontogenic basis of drug disposition. Pediatr Clin North Am 36 (1989) 1053-1074
30. Lipsitz J. A proposed narcotic withdrawal score for use with newborn infants. Clin Pediatr 14 (1975) 592-594
31. Green M., and Suffet F. The Neonatal Narcotic Withdrawal Index: a device for the improvement of care in the abstinence syndrome. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 8 (1981) 203-213
32. Zahorodny W., Rom C., Whitney W., et al. The Neonatal Withdrawal Inventory: a simplified score of newborn withdrawal. Dev Behav Pediatr 19 (1998) 89-93
33. Finnegan L., Connaughton J., Kron R., et al. Neonatal abstinence syndrome: assessment and management. Addictive disease. Int J 2 (1975) 141-158
34. Lainwala S., Brown E., Weinschenk N., et al. A retrospective study of length of hospital stay in infants treated for neonatal abstinence syndrome with methadone versus oral morphine preparations. Adv Neonatal Care 5 (2005) 265-272
35. Zenk K., Sills J., and Koeppel R. Neonatal medications & nutrition: a comprehensive guide (2003), NICU Inc., California
36. Finnegan L., Mitros T., and Hopkins L. Management of neonatal narcotic abstinence utilizing a phenobarbital loading dose method. NIDA Res Monogr 27 (1979) 262-268
37. Zuckerman B., Frand D., and Brown E. Overview of the effects of abuse and drugs on pregnancy and offspring. NIDA Res Monogr 149 (1995) 16-28
38. Nelsen H., Wiriyathian S., Rosenfeld R., et al. Chlorpromazine excretion by the neonate following chronic in utero exposure. Pediatr Pharmacol 3 (1983) 1-5
39. Osborn K., Jeffery H., and Cole M. Sedatives for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants. Cochrane Library 3 (2002) 1-25
40. Kandall S., Doberczak T., Mauer K., et al. Opiate vs CNS depressant therapy in neonatal drug abstinence syndrome. Am J Dis Child 137 (1983) 378-382
41. Carin I., Glass L., Parekh A., et al. Neonatal methadone withdrawal. Effects of two treatment regimens. Am J Dis Child 137 (1983) 1166-1169
42. Coyle M., Ferguson A., LaGasse L., et al. Diluted tincture of opium (DTO) and phenobarbital versus DTO alone for neonatal opiate withdrawal in term infants. J Pediatr 140 (2002) 561-564
43. Coyle M., Ferguson A., LaGasse L., et al. Neurobehavioral effects of treatment for opiate withdrawal. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 90 (2005) F73-F74
44. Jackson L., Ting A., Mckay S., et al. A randomized controlled trial of morphine versus phenobarbitone for neonatal abstinence syndrome. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 89 (2004) F300-F304
45. Lester B., and Tronick E. Behavioral assessment: the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Pediatrics 113 (2004) 641-667
46. Ballard J. Treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome with breast milk containing methadone. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 14 (2002) 76-85
47. Kraft W., Gibson E., Dysart K., et al. Sublingual buprenorphine for treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome: a randomized trial. Pediatrics 122 (2008) e601-e607
48. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. Neonatal drug withdrawal. Pediatrics 72 (1983) 895-902
49. Child Health Network Guidelines. Management of perinatal substance use and abuse (2002) 1-9 Toronto, Canada
50. Lawrence R., and Lawrence R. Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Professional (2005), Saunders, St. Louis
51. Blinick G., Inturriel C., Jerez B., et al. Methadone assays in pregnant women and progeny. Am J Obstet Gynecol 121 (1975) 612-621
52. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 108 (2001) 776-789
53. Malpas T., Wallach R., Hackett L., et al. Breastfeeding reduces the severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome. J Pediatr Child Health 33 (1997) A38
54. Malpas T., Horwood J., and Darlow B. Neonatal abstinence syndrome following abrupt cessation of breastfeeding. N Z Med J 112 (1999) 12-13