Depositional dynamics recorded in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate marine successions: Insights from the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation of Ohio and Kentucky, U.S.A.

Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada

Volumn , Issue 48, 2008, Pages 73-102

  Brett, Carlton E ^a   Kirchner, Brian T ^a   Tsujita, Cameron J ^b   Dattilo, Benjamin F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^c INDIANA UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY FORT WAYNE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBONATE SEDIMENT; CONFERENCE PROCEEDING; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; MARINE SEDIMENT; ORDOVICIAN; SEDIMENTATION; SILICICLASTIC DEPOSIT; SKELETAL REMAINS;

KENTUCKY; NORTH AMERICA; OHIO; UNITED STATES;

EID: 59649092948     PISSN: 00721042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (66)

1. Aigner, T., 1985, Storm depositional Systems: Dynamic Stratigraphy in Modern and Ancient Shallow Marine Sequences: Lecture Notes in the Earth Sciences 3: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 174 p.
2. Barbour Wood, S.L., 1999, Multi-scale analysis of spatial faunal variability and microstratigraphy in the Fairview Formation (Upper Ordovician), Northern Kentucky, in Algeo, T.J. and Brett, C.E., eds., Sequence, Cycle, and Event Stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician and Silurian Strata of the Cincinnati Arch Region: Field Trip Guidebook for the 1999 Field Conference, Great Lakes Section of SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) and Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists, Kentucky Geological Survey, p. 117-122.
3. Bassarab, D.R. and Huff, W.D., 1969, Clay mineralogy of Kope and Fairview formations (Cincinnatian) in the Cincinnati area: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 39, p. 1014-1022.
4. Berner, R.A., 1980, Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach: Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 241 p.
5. Brenner, R.L., Davies, D.K., 1973, Storm-generated coquinoid sandstone: Genesis of high-energy marine sediments from the Upper Jurassic of Wyoming and Montana. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, p. 1685-1698.
6. Brett, C.E., 1983, Sedimentology, facies and depositional environments of the Rochester Shale (Silurian: Wenlockian) in western New York and Ontario: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 53, p. 947-971.
7. Brett, C.E. and Algeo, T.J.,1999, Stratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation in its type area (northern Kentucky), including a revised nomenclature, in Algeo, T.J. and Brett, C.E., eds., Sequence, Cycle, and Event Stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician and Silurian Strata of the Cincinnati Arch Region: Field Trip Guidebook for the 1999 Field Conference of Great Lakes Section of SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) and Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists, Kentucky Geological Survey, p. 47-64.
8. Brett, C.E., Algeo, T.J. and McLaughlin, P.I., 2003, Use of event beds and sedimentary cycles in high-resolution stratigraphic correlation of lithologically repetitive successions, in Harries, P.J., ed., High-Resolution Approaches in Stratigraphic Paleontology: Topics in Geobiology, 21, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, p. 315-350.
9. Brett, C.E. and Baird, G.C., 1986, Symmetrical and upward shallowing cycles in the Middle Devonian of New York State and their implications for the punctuated aggradational cycle hypothesis: Paleoceanography, v. 1, p. 431-445.
10. Brett, C.E. and Baird, G.C., 1993, Taphonomic approaches to temporal resolution in stratigraphy: examples from Paleozoic marine mudrocks, in Kidwell, S.M. and Behrens-meyer, A.K., eds., Taphonomic Approaches to Time Resolution in Fossil Assemblages: Paleontological Society, Short Courses in Paleontology, v. 6, p. 250-274.
11. Brett, C.E. and Seilacher, A., 1991, Fossil Lagerstätten: A taphonomic consequence of event sedimentation, in Einsele, G., Ricken, W. and Seilacher, A., eds., Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 284-297.
12. Brett, C.E., Speyer, S.E. and Baird, G.C., 1986, Storm-generated sedimentary units: tempestite proximality and event stratification in the Middle Devonian Hamilton Group of New York, in Brett, C.E., ed., Dynamic Stratigraphy and Depositional Environments of the Middle Devonian Hamilton Group in New York State Part 1: New York State Museum Bulletin 457, p. 129-156.
13. Bromley, R.G., 1990, Trace Fossils: Biology and Taphonomy, Unwin Hyman, London, 280 p.
14. Caster, K.E., Dalvé, E.A. and Pope, J.K., 1955, Elementary Guide to the Fossils and Strata of the Ordovician in the Vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio: Cincinnati Museum of Natural History, Cincinnati, 47 p.
15. Dattilo, B.F., 1996, A quantitative paleoecological approach to high-resolution cyclic and event stratigraphy: the Upper Ordovician Miamitown Shale in the type Cincinnatian: Lethaia, v. 29, p. 21-37.
16. Dattilo, B.F., 2004a, Where are the fair weather shales of the Cincinnatian? Testing the storm-winnowing model for the origin of interbedded limestone and shale [abstract]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 36, p. 250.
17. Dattilo, B.F., 2004b, A new angle on strophomenid paleoecology: Trace-fossil evidence of an escape response for the plectambonitoid brachiopod Sowerbyella rugosa from a tempestite in the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation (Edenian) of northern Kentucky: Palaios, v. 19, p. 332-348.
18. Elmore, R.D., Pilkey, O.H., Clearey, W.J. and Curran, H.A., 1979, The Black Shell turbidite, Hatteras Abyssal Plain, western Atlantic Ocean: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 90, p. 1165-1176.
19. Ettensohn, F.R., 1992, General Ordovician paleogeographic and tectonic framework for Kentucky, in Ettensohn, F.R., ed., Changing Interpretations of Kentucky Geology: Layer Cake, Facies, Flexure, and Eustasy: Ohio Division of Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Report 5, p. 19-21.
20. Ettensohn, F.R., Hohman, J.C., Kulp, M.A. and Rast, N., 2002, Evidence and implications of possible far-field responses to Taconian Orogeny: Middle-Late Ordovician Lexington Platform and Sebree Trough, east-central United States: Southeastern Geology, v. 41, p. 1-36.
21. Finnegan, S. and Droser, M.L., 2004, Getting mixed signals: effects of sedimentary reworking on sampled diversity in the Ordovician of the Basin and Range (Utah and Nevada) [abstract]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 36, p. 314.
22. Ford, J.P., 1967, Cincinnatian geology in southwest Hamilton County, Ohio: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, p. 918-936.
23. Hay, H.B., 1981, Lithofacies and formations of the Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician), southeastern Indiana and southwestern Ohio: Unpublished PhD Thesis, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 236 p.
24. Holland, S.M., 1993, Sequence stratigraphy of a carbonate-clastic ramp: The Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician) in its type area: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 105, p. 306-322.
25. Holland, S.M., Miller, A.I., Dattilo, B.F., Meyer, D.L. and Diekmeyer, S.L., 1997, Cycle anatomy and variability in the storm-dominated type Cincinnatian (Upper Ordovician): Coming to grips with cycle delineation and genesis: Journal of Geology, v. 105, p. 135-152.
26. Holland, S.M., Miller, A.I. and Meyer, D. L., 1999, Sequence stratigraphy of the Kope-Fairview interval (Upper Ordovician, Cincinnati, Ohio area), in Algeo, T.J. and Brett, C.E., eds., Sequence, Cycle, and Event Stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician and Silurian Strata of the Cincinnati Arch Region: Field Trip Guidebook for the 1999 Field Conference of the Great Lakes Section, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) and Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists, p. 93-102.
27. Holland, S.M., Miller, A.I., Meyer, D.L. and Datillo, B.F., 2001, The detection and importance of subtle biofacies within a single lithofacies: The Upper Ordovician Kope Formation of the Cincinnati, Ohio region: Palaios, v. 16, p. 205-217.
28. Hughes, N.C. and Cooper, D.L., 1999, Paleobiologic and taphonomic aspects of the "Granulosa" trilobite cluster, Kope Formation (Upper Ordovician, Cincinnati region): Journal of Paleontology, v. 73, p. 306-319.
29. Jennette, D.C., 1986, Storm-dominated cyclic ramp deposits of the Kope-Fairview transition (Upper Ordovician), southwestern Ohio and northern Kentucky: unpublished MSc Thesis, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, 210 p.
30. Jennette, D.C. and Pryor, W.A., 1993, Cyclic alternation of proximal and distal storm facies: Kope and Fairview formations (Upper Ordovician), Ohio and Kentucky: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 63, p. 183-203.
31. Kidwell, S.M., 1986, Models for fossil concentrations: paleobiological implications: Paleobiology, v. 12, p. 6-24.
32. Kidwell, S.M., 1991a, The stratigraphy of shell concentrations, in Allison, P.A. and Briggs, D., eds., Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record: Plenum Press, New York, p. 211-290.
33. Kidwell, S.M., 1991b, Condensed deposits in siliciclastic sequences: expected and observed features, in Einsele, G., Ricken, W. and Seilacher, A., eds., Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 682-695.
34. Kidwell, S.M., 2001a, Preservation of species abundance in marine death assemblages: Science, v. 294, p. 1091-1094.
35. Kidwell, S.M., 2001b. Ecological fidelity of molluscan death assemblages, in Aller, J.Y., Woodin, S.A. and Aller, R.C., eds., Organism-Sediment Interactions: Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science, v. 21, University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, p. 199-221.
36. Kidwell, S.M. and Bosence, D.W.J., 1991, Taphonomy and time-averaging of marine shelly faunas, in Briggs, D.E.G. and Allison, P.A., eds., Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in Fossil Record: Plenum Press, New York, p. 116-211.
37. Kidwell, S.M. and Jablonski, D., 1983, Taphonomic feedback: ecological consequences of shell accumulation, in Tevesz, M.J.S. and McCall, P.L., eds., Biotic Interactions in Recent and Fossil Benthic Communities: Plenum Press, New York, p. 195-248.
38. Kirchner, B.T. and Brett, C.E., 2003, Proximality trends in meter-scale cycles along a Late Ordovician ramp: Implications for cycle genesis [abstract]: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, v. 35, p. 509.
39. Kohrs, R.H., 2003, Centimeter-scale characterization, correlation, and microfabric analysis of event beds within the Alexandria submember of the Kope Formation (Upper Ordovician, Edenian) in Cincinnati, Ohio and northern Kentucky: unpublished MSc Thesis, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, 129 p.
40. Kohrs, R.H., Brett, C.E. and O'Brien, N., in press, Sedimentology of Upper Ordovician mudstones from the Cincinnati Arch region, Ohio/ Kentucky: Toward a general model of mud event deposition, in McLaughlin, P.I. and Brett, C.E., eds., Stratigraphic Renaissance in the Study of the Upper Ordovician of the Cincinnati Arch: Implications for Paleontology and Paleoecology: Cincinnati Museum Center, Special Publication 2.
41. Kreisa, R.D., 1981, Storm-generated sedimentary structures in subtidal marine facies with examples from the Middle and Upper Ordovician of southwestern Virginia: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 51, p. 823-848.
42. Meyer, D. L., 1990, Population paleoecology and comparative taphonomy of two edrioasteroid (Echinodennata) pavements: Upper Ordovician of Kentucky and Ohio: Historical Biology, v. 4, p. 155-178.
43. Miller, A.I., 1997, Counting fossils in a Cincinnatian storm bed: Spatial resolution in the fossil record, in Brett, C.E. and Baird, G.C., eds., Paleontological Events: Stratigraphic, Ecological and Evolutionary Implications: Columbia University Press, New York, p. 57-72.
44. Miller, A.I., Holland, S.M., Meyer, D.L. and Dattilo, B.F., 2001, The use of faunal gradient analysis for intraregional correlation and assessment of changes in sea-floor topography in the type Cincinnatian: Journal of Geology, v. 109, p. 603-613.
45. Miller, K.B., Brett, C.E., and Parsons, K.M., 1988. The paleoecological significance of stormgenerated disturbance within a Middle Devonian muddy epeiric sea: Palaios, v. 3, p. 35-52.
46. Mitchell, C.E. and Bergström, S.M., 1991, New graptolite and lithostratigraphic evidence from the Cincinnati region, USA for the definition and correlation of the base of the Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician), in Barnes, C.R. and Williams, S.H., eds., Advances in Ordovician Geology: Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 90-9, p. 59-77.
47. Mozley, P.S., 1995, The internal structure of carbonate concretions in mudrocks: A critical evaluation of the conventional concentric model of concretion growth: Sedimentary Geology, v. 103, p. 85-91.
48. Parsons, K.M., Brett, C.E. and Miller, K.B., 1988, Taphonomy and depositional dynamics of Devonian shellrich mudstones: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 63, p. 109-139.
49. Potter, P.E., Maynard, J.B. and Pryor, W., 1980, Sedimentology of Shales: Study Guide and Reference Source: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 330 p.
50. Prince, L.H., Elmore, R. D., Ehrlich, R. and Pilkey, O.H., 1987, Aerial and lateral changes in a major trailing margin turbidite-the Black Shell turbidite: Geomarine Letters 7, p. 103-112.
51. Raiswell, R., 1987, Non-steady state microbiological diagenesis and the origin of concretions and nodular limestones, in Marshall, J.D., ed., Diagenesis of Sedimentary Sequences: Geological Society, Special Publication 36, p. 41-54.
52. Raiswell, R. and Fisher, Q.J., 2000, Mudrock-hosted carbonate concretions: a review of growth mechanisms and their influence on chemical and isotopic composition: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 157, p. 239-251.
53. Raiswell, R. and Fisher, Q.J., 2004, Rates of carbonate cementation associated with sulfate reduction in DSDP/ODP sediments: implications for the formation of concretions: Chemical Geology, v. 211, p. 71-85.
54. Seilacher, A., 1982, General remarks about event deposits, in Einsele, G. and Seilacher, A., eds., Cyclic and Event Stratification: Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 161-174.
55. Seilacher, A., 1985, The Jeram model: Event condensation in a modern intertidal environment, in Bayer, U. and Seilacher, A., eds., Sedimentary and Evolutionary Cycles: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences 1, Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 336-346.
56. Seilacher, A., 1991, Events and their signatures: An overview, in: Einsele, G., Ricken, W. and Seilacher, A., eds., Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy. Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 222-226.
57. Taylor, W.L. and Brett, C.E., 1996, Taphonomy and paleoecology of echinoderm Lagerstätten from the Silurian (Wenlockian) Rochester Shale: Palaios, v. 11, p. 118-140.
58. Thayer, C.W., 1975, Morphologic adaptations of benthic invertebrates to soft substrate: Journal of Marine Research, v. 33, p.117-189.
59. Tobin, R.C., 1982, A model for cyclic deposition in the Cincinnatian Series of southwestern Ohio, northern Kentucky, and southeastern Indiana: Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, 483 p.
60. Tobin, R. C. and Pryor, W.A., 1981, Sedimentological interpretation of an Upper Ordovician carbonate-shale vertical sequence in northern Kentucky, in Roberts, T.A., ed., Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting Fieldtrip Guidebooks v. 1, Stratigraphy and Paleontology, American Geological Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, p. 1-10.
61. Tsujita, C.J., 1995. Origin of concretion-hosted shell clusters in the Late Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation, southern Alberta, Canada: Palaios, v. 10, p. 408-423.
62. Tsujita, C.J., 2001, The significance of multiple causes and coincidence in the geological record: from clam clusters to Cretaceous catastrophe. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 38, p. 271-292.
63. Tsujita, C.J., Brett, C.E., Topor, M., and Topor, J., 2006, Evidence of high-frequency storm disturbance in the Middle Devonian Arkona Shale, southwestern Ontario: Journal of Taphonomy, v. 4, p. 49-68.
64. Ulrich, E.O. and Bassler, R.S., 1914, Report on the Stratigraphy of the Cincinnati, Ohio. Quadrangle.: U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report, Washington, D.C., 122 p.
65. Webber, A., 2002, High-resolution faunal gradient analysis and assessment of the causes of meter-scale cyclicity in the type Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician): Palaios, v. 17, p. 545-555.
66. Webber, A. J., 2005. The effects of spatial patchiness on the stratigraphic signal of biotic composition (type Cincinnatian Series; Upper Ordovician). Palaios, v. 20, p. 37-50.