Abnormal mandibular growth and the condylar cartilage

European Journal of Orthodontics

Volumn 31, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-11

  Pirttiniemi, Pertti ^a   Peltomäki, Timo ^b   Müller, Lukas ^b   Luder, Hans U ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ARTICULAR CARTILAGE; CHILD; CHONDROPATHY; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; CRANIOFACIAL MALFORMATION; FACE ASYMMETRY; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HUMAN; HYPERPLASIA; INJURY; JAW DISEASE; JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; MANDIBLE; MANDIBLE CONDYLE; MANDIBLE FRACTURE; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDER;

ADOLESCENT; ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE RHEUMATOID; CARTILAGE DISEASES; CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR; CHILD; CRANIOFACIAL ABNORMALITIES; FACIAL ASYMMETRY; HUMANS; HYPERPLASIA; MANDIBLE; MANDIBULAR CONDYLE; MANDIBULAR DISEASES; MANDIBULAR FRACTURES; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS;

EID: 59549085765     PISSN: 01415387     EISSN: 14602210     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjn117     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Andersson Gäre B et al. 1987 Incidence and prevalence of juvenile chronic arthritis: a population survey. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 46: 277-281
2. Arabshahi B, Cron R Q 2006 Temporomandibular joint arthritis injuvenile idiopathic arthritis: the forgotten joint. Current Opinion in Rheumatology 18:490-495
3. Babić M, Glišić B, Šćepan I 1997 Mandibular growth pattern in Turner's syndrome. European Journal of Orthodontics 19: 161-164
4. Barriga B, Lewis T M, Law D B 1974 An investigation of the dental occlusion in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The Angle Orthodontist 44: 329-335
5. Baumann A, Troulis M J, Kaban L B 2004 Facial trauma II: dentoalveolar injuries andmandibular fractures. In: Kaban L B, Troulis M J. (eds). Pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgery Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 441-462
6. Behrents R G, McNamara J A, Avery J K 1977 Prenatal mandibulofacial dysostosis (Treaeher Collins syndrome). The Cleft Palate Journal 14: 13-34
7. Billiau A D, Hu Y, Verdonck A, Carels C, Wouters C 2007 Temporomandibular joint arthritis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: prevalence, clinical and radiological signs, and relation to dentofacial morphology. The Journal of Rheumatology 34:1925-1933
8. Björk A 1963 Variations in the growth pattern of the human mandible: longitudinal radiographic study by the implant method. Journal of Dental Research 42 (Supplement): 400-411
9. Björk A, Skieller V 1985 Contrasting mandibular growth and facial development in long face syndrome, juvenile rheumatoid polyarthritis, and mandibulofacial dysostosis. Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology 1 (Supplement); 127-138
10. Botto L D et al. 2003 A population-based study of the 22qll.2 deletion: phenotype, incidence, and contribution to major birth defects in the population. Pediatrics 112: 101-107
11. Boutros S, Shetye P R, Ghali S, Carter C R, McCarthy J G, Grayson B H 2007 Morphology and growth of the mandible in Crouzon, Apert, and Pfeiffer syndromes. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 18: 146-150
12. Bryndahl F, Eriksson L, Legrell P E, Isberg A 2006 Bilateral TMJ disk displacement induces mandibular retrognathia. Journal of Dental Research 85: 1118-1123
13. Buonaccorsi S, Leonardi A, Covelli E, Indrizzi E, Perdicchi A, Fini G 2005 Parry-Romberg syndrome. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 16: 1132-1135
14. Caccamese Jr J F, Costello B J, Mooney M P 2006 Novel deformity of the mandible in oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum: case report and literature review. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 64: 1278-1282
15. Chan W L, Cardan M G, Fernandes V B, Abbati D P 2000 Planar versus SPET imaging in the assessment of condylar growth. Nuclear Medicine Communications 21: 285-290
16. Defraia E, Marinelli A, Antonini A, Giuntini V 2005 Abnormal mandibular growth after craniovertebral surgery in Morquio syndrome type A. The Angle Orthodontist 75: 461-464
17. Deleurant Y, Zimmermann A, Peltomäki T 2008 Hemimandibular elongation: treatment and long-term follow-up. Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 11:172-179
18. Diewert V M 1982 Contributions of differential growth of cartilages to changes in craniofacial morphology. In: Dixon A D, Sarnat B G (eds). Factors and mechanisms influencing bone growth Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 229-242
19. Diewert V M 1985 Development of human craniofacial morphology during the late embryonic and early fetal periods. American Journal of Orthodontics 88: 64-76
20. Dixon J et al. 2006 Tcof 1/Treacle is required for neural crest cell formation and proliferation deficiencies that cause craniofacial abnormalities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103: 13403-13408
21. Eriksen J, Hermann N V, Darvann T A, Kreiborg S 2006 Early postnatal development of the mandible in children with isolated cleft palate and children with nonsyndromic Robin sequence. The Cleft Palatc-Craniofacial Journal 43: 160-167
22. Figueroa A A, Glupker T J, Fitz M G, BeGole E A 1991 Mandible, tongue, and airway in Pierre Robin sequence: a longitudinal cephalometric study. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 28:425-434
23. Georgitsi M et al. 2007 Molecular diagnosis of pituitary adenoma predisposition caused by aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein gene mutations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:4101-4105
24. Gepstein A, Arbel G, Blumenfeld I, Peled M, Livne E 2003 Association of metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of matrix mctalloprotcinases, and proteoglycans with development, aging, and osteoarthritis processes in mouse temporomandibular joint. Histochemistry and Cell Biology 120: 23-32
25. Goldring S R 2003 Inflammatory mediators as essential elements in bone remodeling. Calcified Tissue International 73: 97-100
26. Gorlin R J, Cohen Jr M M, Hennekam R C M 2001 Syndromes of the head and neck, 4th edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford
27. Halonen K, Hukki J, Artc S, Hurmerinta K 2006 Craniofacial structures and dental development in three patients with Nager syndrome. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 17: 1180-1187
28. Hanna V E et al. 1996 Effects of systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis on facial morphology and temporomandibular joint form and function. The Journal of Rheumatology 23: 155-158
29. Heikinheimo K, Salmi K, Myllärniemi S, Kirveskari P 1989 Symptoms of craniomandibular disorder in a sample of Finnish adolescents at the ages of 12 and 15 years. European Journal of Orthodontics 11: 325-332
30. Helenius LM et al. 2006 Clinical, radiographic and MRI findings of the temporomandibular joint in patients with different rheumatic diseases. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 35: 983-989 Henrikson T, Nilner M 2000 Temporomandibular disorders and the need
31. for stomatognathic treatment in orthodontically treated and untreated girls. European Journal of Orthodontics 22: 283-292
32. Henrikson T, Nilner M, Kurol J 2000 Signs of temporomandibular disorders in girls receiving orthodontic treatment. A prospective and longitudinal comparison with untreated Class II malocclusions and normal occlusion subjects. European Journal of Orthodontics 22: 271-281
33. Hermann N V, Darvann T A, Jensen B L, Dahl E, Bolund S, Kreiborg S 2004 Early craniofacial morphology and growth in children with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 41: 424-438
34. Ilowite N T 2002 Current treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatrics 109: 109-115
35. Isacsson G, Carlson D S, McNamara Jr J A, Isberg A M 1993 Effect of maxillomandibular fixation on condylar growth in juvenile Macaco mulatto: a cephalometric and histologic study. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 101: 103-109
36. Jacobsen P U, Lund K 1972 Unilateral overgrowth and remodeling processes after fracture of the mandibular condyle. A longitudinal radiographic study. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 80: 68-74
37. Jakobsen L P et al. 2007 Pierre Robin sequence may be caused by dysregulation of SOX9 and KCNJ2. Journal of Medical Genetics 44: 381-386
38. Jank S et al. 2007 Sonographic investigation of the temporomandibular joint in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a pilot study. Arthritis and Rheumatism 57: 213-218
39. Johnston M C, Bronsky P T 1995 Prenatal craniofacial development: new insights on normal and abnormal mechanisms. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine 6: 368-422
40. Kanyama M et al. 2000 Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in synovial fluids of patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Journal of Orofacial Pain 14: 20-30
41. Karhulahti T, Rönning O, Jämsä T 1990 Mandibular condyle lesions, jaw movements, and occlusal status in 15-year-old children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 98: 17-26
42. Kellenberger M, von Arx T, Hardt N 1996 Results of follow-up of temporomandibular joint fractures in 30 children. Fortschritte der Kiefer- und Gesichts-Chirurgie 41: 138-142
43. Kiliaridis S, Thilander B, Kjellberg H, Topouzelis N, Zafiriadis A 1999 Effect of low masticatory function on condylar growth: a morphometric study in the rat. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 116: 121-125
44. Kjellberg H 1998 Craniofacial growth in juvenile chronic arthritis. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 56: 360-365
45. Kotilainen J, Hölttä P, Mikkonen T, Arte S, Sipilä I, Pirinen S 1995 Craniofacial and dental characteristics of Silver-Russell syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics 56: 229-236
46. Kreiborg S, Cohen Jr M M, Skovby F 1991 Craniofacial characteristics of Proteus syndrome: two modes of abnormal growth. Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society 8: 183-188
47. Küseler A, Pedersen T K, Gelineck J, Herlin T 2005 A 2 year followup study of enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and clinical examination of the temporomandibular joint in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology 32: 162-169
48. Kiiseler A, Pedersen T K, Herlin T, Gelineck J 1998 Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging as a method to diagnose early inflammatory changes in the temporomandibular joint in children with juvenile chronic arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology 25: 1406-1412
49. Laitinen S H, Ranta R E 1992 Cephalometric measurements in patients with Pierre Robin syndrome and isolated cleft palate. Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery 26: 177-183
50. Legrell P E, Isberg A 1998 Mandibular height asymmetry following experimentally induced temporomandibular joint disk displacement in rabbits. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology 86: 280-285
51. Legrell P E, Isberg A1999 Mandibular length and midline asymmetry after experimentally induced temporomandibular joint disk displacement in rabbits. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 115:247-253
52. Legrell P E, Reibel J, Nylandcr K, Hörstedt P, Isberg A 1999 Temporomandibular joint condyle changes after surgically induced nonreducing disk displacement in rabbits: a macroscopic and microscopic study. Acta Odontologica Scandinaviea 57: 290-300
53. Luder H U 2001 Histology of condyles in mandibular growth anomalies. In: Obwegeser H L (ed). Mandibular growth anomalies: terminology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 347-353
54. Lund K 1974 Mandibular growth and remodelling processes after eondylar fracture. A longitudinal roentgencephalometric study. Acta Odontologica Scandinaviea 32 (Supplement): 643-117
55. Malemud C J 2007 Growth hormone, VEGF and FGF: involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinica Chimica Acta 375: 10-19
56. Marchetti C, Cocchi R, Gentile L, Bianehi A 2000 Hemimandibular hyperplasia: treatment strategies. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 11: 46-53
57. Marianowski R, Martins Carvalho C, Potard G, Pondaven S, Jezequel J-A 2003 Mandibular fractures in children: long term results. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 67: 25-30
58. Martini G, Bacciliero U, Tregnaghi A, Montesco M C, Zulian F 2001 Isolated temporomandibular synovitis as unique presentation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology 28: 1689-1692
59. Mayne J G, Hatch G S 1969 Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint. Journal of the American Dental Association 79: 125-130
60. Mericle P M et al. 1996 Effects of polyarticular and pauciarticular onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis on facial and mandibular growth. The Journal of Rheumatology 23: 159-165
61. Miyamoto K, Ishimaru J, Kurita K, Goss A N 2002 Synovial matrix metalloproteinase-2 in different stages of sheep temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 60: 66-72
62. Mulliken J B, Kaban L B 1987 Analysis and treatment of hemifacial microsomia in childhood. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 1: 91-100
63. Narinobou M, Takatsuka S, Nakagawa K, Kubota Y, Terai K, Yamamoto E 2000 Histological changes in the rabbit condyle following posterolateral disk perforation. Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Faeial Surgery 28: 345-351
64. Obwegeser H L (ed.) 2001 Mandibular growth anomalies: terminology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
65. Obwegeser H L, Makek M S 1986 Hemimandibular hyperplasia- hemimandibular elongation. Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 14: 183-208
66. Packham E A, Brook J D 2003 T-box genes in human disorders. Human Molecular Genetics 12: R37-R44
67. Paesani D, Salas E, Martinez A, Isberg A 1999 Prevalence of temporomandibular joint disk displacement in infants and young children. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics 87: 15-19
68. Palmisani E et al. 2006 Correlation between juvenile idiopathic arthritis activity and damage measures in early, advanced, and longstanding disease. Arthritis and Rheumatism 55: 843-849
69. Pedersen T K, Jensen J J, Melsen B, Herlin T 2001 Resorption of the temporomandibular eondylar bone according to subtypes of juvenile chronic arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology 28: 2109-2115
70. Peltomäki T, Alvcsalo L, Isotupa K 1989 Shape of the craniofacial complex in 45 X females: cephalometric study. Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology 9: 331-338
71. Perkiömäki M R, Kyrkanides S, Niinimaa A, Alvesalo L 2005 The relationship of distinct craniofacial features between Turner syndrome females and their parents. European Journal of Orthodontics 27:48-52
72. Petty R E et al. 1998 Revision of the proposed classification criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Durban, 1997. The Journal of Rheumatology 25:1991-1994
73. Pirttiniemi P, Kantomaa T, Sorsa T 2004 Effect of decreased loading on the metabolic activity of the mandibular eondylar cartilage in the rat. European Journal of Orthodontics 26:1-5
74. Posnick J C, Ruiz R L 2000 Treacher Collins syndrome: current evaluation, treatment, and future directions. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 37:434
75. Poswillo D 1973 The pathogenesis of the first and second branchial arch syndrome. Oral Surgery 35: 302-328
76. Pripatnanont P, Vittayakittipong P, Markmanee U, Thongmak S, Yipintsoi T 2005 The use of SPECT to evaluate growth cessation of the mandible in unilateral eondylar hyperplasia. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 34; 364-368
77. Ribeiro RF et al. 1997 The prevalence of disc displacement in symptomatic and asymptomatic volunteers aged 6 to 25 years. Journal of Orofacial Pain 11: 37-47
78. Roberts F G, Pruzansky S, Aduss H 1975 An X-radioeephalometric study of mandibulofacial dysostosis in man. Archives of Oral Biology 20: 265-281
79. Rongen-Westerlaken C et al. 1993 Effect of growth hormone treatment on craniofacial growth in Turner's syndrome. Acta Pacdiatriea 82: 364-368
80. Rönning O, Väliaho M-L, Laaksonen A-L 1974 The involvement of the temporomandibular joint in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 3: 89-96
81. Rubenstein L K, Campbell R L 1985 Acquired unilateral eondylar hyperplasia and facial asymmetry: report of case. ASDC Journal of Dentistry for Children 52: 114-120
82. Rushton M A 1944 Growth at the mandibular eondyle in relation to some deformities. British Dental Journal 76: 57-68
83. Rushton M A 1946 Unilateral hyperplasia of the mandibular condyle. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 39:431-438
84. Süailä H et al. 2004 HLA and susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a study of affected sibpairs in an isolated Finnish population. The Journal of Rheumatology 31: 2281-2285
85. Saurenmann RKe (al. 2007 Epidemiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a multiethnic cohort; ethnicity as a risk factor. Arthritis and Rheumatism 56: 1974-1984
86. Schubert J, Jahn H, Berginski M 2005 Experimental aspects of the pathogenesis of Robin sequence. Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 42:372-376
87. Sen M 2005 Wnt signalling in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 44: 708-713
88. Slootweg P J, Müller H 1986 Condylar hyperplasia. A clinico-pathologieal analysis of 22 eases. Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 14: 209-214
89. Stevenson D A, Bleyl S B, Maxwell T, Brothman A R, South S T 2007 Mandibulofacial dysostosis in a patient with a de novo 2; 17 translocation that disrupts the HOXD gene cluster. American Journal of Medical Genetics 143A: 1053-1059
90. Suri S, Ross R B, Tompson B D 2006 Mandibular morphology and growth with and without hypodontia in subjects with Pierre Robin sequence. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dcntofacial Orthopedics 130:37-46
91. Svensson B, Larsson Å, Adell R 2001 The mandibular condyle in juvenile chronic arthritis patients with mandibular hypoplasia. A clinical and histological study. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 30: 300-305
92. Teber Ö A et al. 2004 Genotyping in 46 patients with tentative diagnosis of Treacher Collins syndrome revealed unexpected phenotypic variation. European Journal of Human Genetics 12: 879-890 Tiilikainen P, Pirttiniemi P, Kainulainen T, Pernu H, Raustia A 2005 MMP-3 and -8 expression is found in the condylar surface of temporomandibular joints with internal derangement. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine 34: 39-45
93. Twilt M, Arends L R, ten Cate R, van Suijlekom-Smit L W A 2007 Incidence of temporomandibular involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 36: 184-188
94. Twilt M, Schulten A J M, Nicolaas P, Dülger A, van Suijlekom-Smit L W A 2006 Facioskeletal changes in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 65: 823-825
95. Twilt M, Schulten A J M, Verschure F, Wisse L, Prahl-Andersen B, van Suijlekom-Smit LWA 2008 Long-term followup of temporomandibular joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 59: 546-552
96. Van Erum R, Mulier M, Carels C, Verbeke G, de Zegher F 1997 Craniofacial growth in short children born small for gestational age: effect of growth hormone treatment. Journal of Dental Research 76: 1579-1586
97. Westling L, Mohlin B, Bresin A 1998 Craniofacial manifestations in the Marfan syndrome: palatal dimensions and a comparative cephalometric analysis. Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology 18:211-218
98. Yang L, Thornton S, Grom A A 2002 Interleukin-15 inhibits sodium nitroprusside-induced apoptosis of synovial flbroblasts and vascular endothelial cells. Arthritis and Rheumatism 46: 3010-3014
99. Yoshida K et al. 2006 Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase in the synovial fluids of patients with symptomatic temporomandibular disorders. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics 102: 22-27
100. Yu D, Tiilikainen P, Raustia A, Pirttiniemi P 2007 Dietary loading and aggrecanase-l/TIMP-3 expression in rat mandibular condylar cartilage. Journal of Orofacial Pain 21: 232-238
101. Zhou J et al. 2005 The growth hormone receptor gene is associated with mandibular height in a Chinese population. Journal of Dental Research 84: 1052-1056