메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 95, Issue 1-2, 2009, Pages 91-109

Validation of an infrared-based satellite algorithm to estimate accumulated rainfall over the Mediterranean basin

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; AUTUMN; CALIBRATION; ERROR ANALYSIS; ESTIMATION METHOD; INFRARED IMAGERY; PRECIPITATION ASSESSMENT; RADARSAT; RAINFALL; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SPATIAL RESOLUTION; SPRING (SEASON); SUMMER; TESTING METHOD;

EID: 59249099270     PISSN: 0177798X     EISSN: 14344483     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00704-007-0360-y     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0001852742 scopus 로고
    • A satellite infrared technique to estimate tropical convective and stratiform rainfall
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1988)027<0030:ASITTE>2.0.CO;2
    • RF Adler AJ Negri 1988 A satellite infrared technique to estimate tropical convective and stratiform rainfall. J Appl Meteor 27: 30-51 10.1175/1520-0450(1988)027<0030:ASITTE>2.0.CO;2
    • (1988) J Appl Meteor , vol.27 , pp. 30-51
    • Adler, R.F.1    Negri, A.J.2
  • 2
    • 0027505479 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of monthly rainfall over Japan and surrounding waters from combination of low-orbit microwave and geosynchronous IR data
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<0335:EOMROJ>2.0.CO;2
    • RF Adler AJ Negri PR Keehn IM Hakkarinen 1993 Estimation of monthly rainfall over Japan and surrounding waters from combination of low-orbit microwave and geosynchronous IR data. J Appl Meteor 32: 335-356 10.1175/ 1520-0450(1993)032<0335:EOMROJ>2.0.CO;2
    • (1993) J Appl Meteor , vol.32 , pp. 335-356
    • Adler, R.F.1    Negri, A.J.2    Keehn, P.R.3    Hakkarinen, I.M.4
  • 3
    • 0018677096 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between fractional coverage of high clouds and rainfall accumulation during GATE over B-scale array
    • 10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107<1382:TRBFCO>2.0.CO;2
    • PA Arkin 1979 The relationship between fractional coverage of high clouds and rainfall accumulation during GATE over B-scale array. Mon Wea Rev 107: 1382-1387 10.1175/1520-0493(1979)107<1382:TRBFCO>2.0.CO;2
    • (1979) Mon Wea Rev , vol.107 , pp. 1382-1387
    • Arkin, P.A.1
  • 4
    • 0023468448 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between large-scale convective rainfall and cold cloud over the western hemisphere during 1982-1984
    • 10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<0051:TRBLSC>2.0.CO;2
    • PA Arkin BN Meisner 1987 The relationship between large-scale convective rainfall and cold cloud over the western hemisphere during 1982-1984. Mon Wea Rev 115: 51-74 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1987)115<0051:TRBLSC>2.0.CO;2
    • (1987) Mon Wea Rev , vol.115 , pp. 51-74
    • Arkin, P.A.1    Meisner, B.N.2
  • 5
    • 0026299350 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the global distribution of precipitation
    • 10.1016/0377-0265(91)90009-5
    • PA Arkin J Janowiak 1991 Analysis of the global distribution of precipitation. Dyn Atmos Oceans 16: 5-16 10.1016/0377-0265(91)90009-5
    • (1991) Dyn Atmos Oceans , vol.16 , pp. 5-16
    • Arkin, P.A.1    Janowiak, J.2
  • 6
    • 59249096192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply to comment by Yuter SE, Houze RA Jr, on "Partitioning tropical oceanic convective and stratiform rains by draft strength" by Atlas D, et al
    • 10.1029/2001JD000658
    • D Atlas CW Ulbrich FD Marks Jr 2002 Reply to comment by Yuter SE, Houze RA Jr, on "Partitioning tropical oceanic convective and stratiform rains by draft strength" by Atlas D, et al. J Geophys Res 107(D1): 400610.1029/2001JD000658
    • (2002) J Geophys Res , vol.107 , Issue.D1 , pp. 4006
    • Atlas, D.1    Ulbrich, C.W.2    Marks Jr., F.D.3
  • 7
    • 0000488990 scopus 로고
    • The estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite data
    • 10.1175/1520-0493(1970)098<0322:TEOMRF>2.3.CO;2
    • EC Barrett 1970 The estimation of monthly rainfall from satellite data. Mon Wea Rev 98: 322-327 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1970)098<0322:TEOMRF>2.3.CO;2
    • (1970) Mon Wea Rev , vol.98 , pp. 322-327
    • Barrett, E.C.1
  • 9
    • 0021640686 scopus 로고
    • The area time integral as an indicator for convective rain volume
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0555:TATIAA>2.0.CO;2
    • AA Doneauld S Ionesku-Niscov DL Priegnitz PL Smith 1984 The area time integral as an indicator for convective rain volume. J Climate Appl Meteor 23: 555-561 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0555:TATIAA>2.0.CO;2
    • (1984) J Climate Appl Meteor , vol.23 , pp. 555-561
    • Doneauld, A.A.1    Ionesku-Niscov, S.2    Priegnitz, D.L.3    Smith, P.L.4
  • 10
    • 0031718722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of satellite rainfall estimation algorithms during TOGA COARE
    • 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<1537:POSREA>2.0.CO;2
    • E Ebert M Manton 1998 Performance of satellite rainfall estimation algorithms during TOGA COARE. J Atmos Sci 55: 1537-1557 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1998)055<1537:POSREA>2.0.CO;2
    • (1998) J Atmos Sci , vol.55 , pp. 1537-1557
    • Ebert, E.1    Manton, M.2
  • 12
    • 33747127794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validating three infrared-based rainfall retrieval algorithms for intense convective activity over Greece
    • 10.1080/01431160500522676
    • H Feidas 2006 Validating three infrared-based rainfall retrieval algorithms for intense convective activity over Greece. Int J Remote Sensing 27: 2787-2812 10.1080/01431160500522676
    • (2006) Int J Remote Sensing , vol.27 , pp. 2787-2812
    • Feidas, H.1
  • 13
    • 33646383375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A TRMM-calibrated infrared technique for rainfall estimation: Application on rain events over eastern
    • H Feidas G Kokolatos A Negri M Manyin N Chrysoulakis 2006 A TRMM-calibrated infrared technique for rainfall estimation: Application on rain events over eastern. Mediterranean Adv Geosci 7: 181-188
    • (2006) Mediterranean Adv Geosci , vol.7 , pp. 181-188
    • Feidas, H.1    Kokolatos, G.2    Negri, A.3    Manyin, M.4    Chrysoulakis, N.5
  • 16
    • 0001483849 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall estimation from geosynchronous satellite imagery, visible and infrared studies
    • 10.1175/1520-0493(1978)106<1153:REFGSI>2.0.CO;2
    • CG Griffith PG Grube DW Martin J Stout DN Sikdar 1978 Rainfall estimation from geosynchronous satellite imagery, visible and infrared studies. Mon Wea Rev 106: 1153-1171 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1978)106<1153:REFGSI>2.0.CO;2
    • (1978) Mon Wea Rev , vol.106 , pp. 1153-1171
    • Griffith, C.G.1    Grube, P.G.2    Martin, D.W.3    Stout, J.4    Sikdar, D.N.5
  • 17
    • 0019663896 scopus 로고
    • Satellite rain estimation in the US high plains
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1981)020<0053:SREITU>2.0.CO;2
    • CG Griffith JA Augustine WL Woodley 1981 Satellite rain estimation in the US high plains. J Appl Meteor 20: 53-66 10.1175/ 1520-0450(1981)020<0053:SREITU>2.0.CO;2
    • (1981) J Appl Meteor , vol.20 , pp. 53-66
    • Griffith, C.G.1    Augustine, J.A.2    Woodley, W.L.3
  • 18
    • 13244261088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation estimation from remotely sensed imagery using an artificial neural network cloud classification system
    • 10.1175/JAM2173.1
    • Y Hong K Hsu S Sorooshian X Gao 2004 Precipitation estimation from remotely sensed imagery using an artificial neural network cloud classification system. J Appl Meteor 43: 1834-1852 10.1175/JAM2173.1
    • (2004) J Appl Meteor , vol.43 , pp. 1834-1852
    • Hong, Y.1    Hsu, K.2    Sorooshian, S.3    Gao, X.4
  • 19
    • 0031399333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation estimation from remotely sensed imagery using an artificial neural network
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<1176:PEFRSI>2.0.CO;2
    • K Hsu X Gao S Sorooshian HV Gupta 1997 Precipitation estimation from remotely sensed imagery using an artificial neural network. J Appl Meteor 36: 1176-1190 10.1175/ 1520-0450(1997)036<1176:PEFRSI>2.0.CO;2
    • (1997) J Appl Meteor , vol.36 , pp. 1176-1190
    • Hsu, K.1    Gao, X.2    Sorooshian, S.3    Gupta, H.V.4
  • 20
    • 0026454829 scopus 로고
    • Tropical rainfall: A comparison of satellite-derived rainfall estimates with model precipitation forecasts, climatologies and observations
    • 10.1175/1520-0493(1992)120<0448:TRACOS>2.0.CO;2
    • JE Janowiak 1992 Tropical rainfall: A comparison of satellite-derived rainfall estimates with model precipitation forecasts, climatologies and observations. Mon Wea Rev 120: 448-462 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1992)120<0448:TRACOS>2.0.CO;2
    • (1992) Mon Wea Rev , vol.120 , pp. 448-462
    • Janowiak, J.E.1
  • 21
    • 54749128997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of satellite-derived rainfall estimates and numerical model forecasts of precipitation over United States
    • October 2004, Monterey, USA
    • Janowiak JE, Xie P, Joyce RJ, Chen M, Yarosh Y (2004) Validation of satellite-derived rainfall estimates and numerical model forecasts of precipitation over United States. 2nd IPWG Workshop, October 2004, Monterey, USA
    • (2004) 2nd IPWG Workshop
    • Janowiak, J.E.1    Xie, P.2    Joyce, R.J.3    Chen, M.4    Yarosh, Y.5
  • 22
    • 0035306187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinally and seasonally dependent Zenith-angle corrections for geostationary satellite IR brightness temperatures
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<0689:LASDZA>2.0.CO;2
    • R Joyce J Janowiak G Huffman 2001 Latitudinally and seasonally dependent Zenith-angle corrections for geostationary satellite IR brightness temperatures J Appl Meteor 40(4): 689-703 10.1175/ 1520-0450(2001)040<0689:LASDZA>2.0.CO;2
    • (2001) J Appl Meteor , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 689-703
    • Joyce, R.1    Janowiak, J.2    Huffman, G.3
  • 23
    • 33747779164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-comparison of precipitation estimations using TRMM microwave data and independent data
    • June 2003, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
    • Kästner M (2003) Inter-comparison of precipitation estimations using TRMM microwave data and independent data. 3rd GPM Workshop, June 2003, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, pp 24-26
    • (2003) 3rd GPM Workshop , pp. 24-26
    • Kästner, M.1
  • 24
    • 33747759066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intercomparison of satellite-based and model-based rainfall analyses
    • 10.1017/S1350482706002246
    • M Kästner F Torricella S Davolio 2006 Intercomparison of satellite-based and model-based rainfall analyses. Meteorol Appl 13: 213-223 10.1017/S1350482706002246
    • (2006) Meteorol Appl , vol.13 , pp. 213-223
    • Kästner, M.1    Torricella, F.2    Davolio, S.3
  • 25
    • 54749149823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of satellite rainfall estimates over the mid-latitudes
    • October 2004, Monterey, USA
    • Kidd C (2004) Validation of satellite rainfall estimates over the mid-latitudes. 2nd IPWG Workshop, October 2004, Monterey, USA
    • (2004) 2nd IPWG Workshop
    • Kidd, C.1
  • 26
    • 0029413984 scopus 로고
    • The role of visible data in improving satellite rain-rate estimates
    • PWS King WD Hogg PA Arkin 1995 The role of visible data in improving satellite rain-rate estimates. J Appl Meteor 34: 1608-1621
    • (1995) J Appl Meteor , vol.34 , pp. 1608-1621
    • King, P.W.S.1    Hogg, W.D.2    Arkin, P.A.3
  • 27
    • 0004131258 scopus 로고
    • W Köppen R Geiger Handbuch der Klimatologie. Bd 1, Teil C Verlag Gebrüder Bornträger Berlin (DE) in German
    • W Köppen R Geiger 1936 Das geographische System der Klimate W Köppen R Geiger Handbuch der Klimatologie. Bd 1, Teil C Verlag Gebrüder Bornträger Berlin (DE) in German
    • (1936) Das Geographische System Der Klimate
    • Köppen, W.1    Geiger, R.2
  • 28
    • 0003324641 scopus 로고
    • A climatology of global precipitation
    • Newark, DW
    • Legates DR (1987) A climatology of global precipitation. Publ. in Climatology, vol 40 (1), Newark, DW, 85 pp
    • (1987) Publ. in Climatology , vol.40 , Issue.1 , pp. 85
    • Legates, D.R.1
  • 29
    • 0025586563 scopus 로고
    • Operational rainfall estimation using METEOSAT infrared imagery: An application in Italy's Arno River basin. Its potential and drawbacks
    • V Levizzani F Porcu F Prodi 1990 Operational rainfall estimation using METEOSAT infrared imagery: An application in Italy's Arno River basin. Its potential and drawbacks. ESA Journal 14: 313-323
    • (1990) ESA Journal , vol.14 , pp. 313-323
    • Levizzani, V.1    Porcu, F.2    Prodi, F.3
  • 30
    • 0345883560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of satellite-based rainfall estimation methods
    • Levizzani V, Amorati R, Meneguzzo F (2002) A review of satellite-based rainfall estimation methods. MUSIC. www.isao.bo.cnr.it/meteosat/papers/ MUSIC-Rep-Sat-Precip-6.1.pdf
    • (2002) MUSIC
    • Levizzani, V.1    Amorati, R.2    Meneguzzo, F.3
  • 31
    • 0024897086 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of rainfall using the radar echo area time integral
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1989)028<1162:EOARUT>2.0.CO;2
    • RE Lopez D Atlas D Rosenfeld JL Thomas DO Blanchard RL Holle 1989 Estimation of rainfall using the radar echo area time integral. J Appl Meteor 28: 1162-1175 10.1175/ 1520-0450(1989)028<1162:EOARUT>2.0.CO;2
    • (1989) J Appl Meteor , vol.28 , pp. 1162-1175
    • Lopez, R.E.1    Atlas, D.2    Rosenfeld, D.3    Thomas, J.L.4    Blanchard, D.O.5    Holle, R.L.6
  • 32
    • 0027334409 scopus 로고
    • Precipitation estimation over Sardinia from satellite infrared data
    • 10.1080/01431169308904324
    • M Marrocu A Pompei G Dalu GL Liberti A Negri 1993 Precipitation estimation over Sardinia from satellite infrared data. Int J Remote Sensing 14: 115-134 10.1080/01431169308904324
    • (1993) Int J Remote Sensing , vol.14 , pp. 115-134
    • Marrocu, M.1    Pompei, A.2    Dalu, G.3    Liberti, G.L.4    Negri, A.5
  • 33
    • 0031419848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regionalization of precipitation models in east Africa using Meteosat data
    • 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0088(199708)17:10<1011::AID-JOC154>3.0.CO;2-A
    • G Menz 1997 Regionalization of precipitation models in east Africa using Meteosat data. Int J Climatol 17: 1011-1027 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0088(199708)17:10<1011::AID-JOC154>3.0.CO;2-A
    • (1997) Int J Climatol , vol.17 , pp. 1011-1027
    • Menz, G.1
  • 34
    • 0021644381 scopus 로고
    • Satellite rain estimation: An analysis of the Griffith-Woodley technique
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0102:REFSAE>2.0.CO;2
    • AJ Negri RF Adler PJ Wetzel 1984 Satellite rain estimation: An analysis of the Griffith-Woodley technique. J Climate Appl Meteor 23: 102-116 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0102:REFSAE>2.0.CO;2
    • (1984) J Climate Appl Meteor , vol.23 , pp. 102-116
    • Negri, A.J.1    Adler, R.F.2    Wetzel, P.J.3
  • 35
    • 36448985353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A TRMM calibrated rainfall algorithm applied over Brazil
    • 10.1029/2000JD000265
    • AJ Negri RF Adler L Xu 2002 A TRMM calibrated rainfall algorithm applied over Brazil. J Geophys Res 107: 8048-8062 10.1029/2000JD000265
    • (2002) J Geophys Res , vol.107 , pp. 8048-8062
    • Negri, A.J.1    Adler, R.F.2    Xu, L.3
  • 36
    • 33646363957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A TRMM-calibrated infrared technique for global rainfall estimation
    • In: February 2003, Long Beach, CA, USA
    • Negri AJ, Adler RF, Xu L (2003) A TRMM-calibrated infrared technique for global rainfall estimation. In: Proc. 12th Conf. Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography, February 2003, Long Beach, CA, USA, pp 9-13
    • (2003) Proc. 12th Conf. Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography , pp. 9-13
    • Negri, A.J.1    Adler, R.F.2    Xu, L.3
  • 37
    • 59249091245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raindrop size distribution and radar parameters at Cape Verde
    • A Nzeukou H Sauvageot AD Ochou MF Kebe 2002 Raindrop size distribution and radar parameters at Cape Verde. J Appl Meteor 42: 1031-1034
    • (2002) J Appl Meteor , vol.42 , pp. 1031-1034
    • Nzeukou, A.1    Sauvageot, H.2    Ochou, A.D.3    Kebe, M.F.4
  • 38
    • 0036996815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validating infrared-based rainfall retrieval algorithms with 1-minute spatially dense raingauge measurements over Korean peninsula
    • 10.1007/s00703-002-0552-z
    • HJ Oh BJ Sohn EA Smith FJ Turk S Ae-Suk HS Chung 2002 Validating infrared-based rainfall retrieval algorithms with 1-minute spatially dense raingauge measurements over Korean peninsula. Meteorol Atmos Phys 81: 273-287 10.1007/s00703-002-0552-z
    • (2002) Meteorol Atmos Phys , vol.81 , pp. 273-287
    • Oh, H.J.1    Sohn, B.J.2    Smith, E.A.3    Turk, F.J.4    Ae-Suk, S.5    Chung, H.S.6
  • 39
    • 0030209414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite estimation of precipitation over land
    • GW Petty WF Krajewski 1996 Satellite estimation of precipitation over land. Hydrolog Sci 41(4): 433-451
    • (1996) Hydrolog Sci , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 433-451
    • Petty, G.W.1    Krajewski, W.F.2
  • 41
    • 0037594725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratiform rain in the tropics as seen by the TRMM precipitation radar
    • 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<1739:SRITTA>2.0.CO;2
    • C Schumacher RA Houze Jr 2003 Stratiform rain in the tropics as seen by the TRMM precipitation radar. J Climate 16: 1739-1756 10.1175/ 1520-0442(2003)016<1739:SRITTA>2.0.CO;2
    • (2003) J Climate , vol.16 , pp. 1739-1756
    • Schumacher, C.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 42
    • 0014432211 scopus 로고
    • A two-dimensional interpolation function for irregularly spaced data
    • Brandon/Systems Press, Princeton, NJ
    • Shepard D (1968) A two-dimensional interpolation function for irregularly spaced data. Proc. 23rd ACM Nat. Conf., Brandon/Systems Press, Princeton, NJ, pp 517-524
    • (1968) Proc. 23rd ACM Nat. Conf. , pp. 517-524
    • Shepard, D.1
  • 44
    • 0346752368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three infrared satellite techniques to estimate accumulated rainfall over the Iberian Peninsula
    • 10.1002/joc.972
    • R Tarruella J Jorge 2003 Comparison of three infrared satellite techniques to estimate accumulated rainfall over the Iberian Peninsula. Int J Climatol 23: 1757-1769 10.1002/joc.972
    • (2003) Int J Climatol , vol.23 , pp. 1757-1769
    • Tarruella, R.1    Jorge, J.2
  • 45
    • 84950341241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Z-R relationship and a severe rainfall observed by C-band radar in eastern coast of northeastern Brazil
    • In: ERAD, Barcelona, September 2006
    • Tenório RS, Kwon B-H (2006) Z-R relationship and a severe rainfall observed by C-band radar in eastern coast of northeastern Brazil. In: Proc. 4th European Conference on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology. ERAD, Barcelona, September 2006, pp 18-22
    • (2006) Proc. 4th European Conference on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology , pp. 18-22
    • Tenório, R.S.1    Kwon, B.-H.2
  • 46
    • 33947392949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite-derived precipitation verification activities within the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG)
    • 29 January-3 February 2006, Atlanta, GA, Lindsey
    • Turk FJ, Monterey NRL, Bauer CAP, Ebert E, Arkin PA (2006) Satellite-derived precipitation verification activities within the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography, 29 January-3 February 2006, Atlanta, GA, Lindsey
    • (2006) 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography
    • Turk, F.J.1    Monterey, N.R.L.2    Bauer, C.A.P.3    Ebert, E.4    Arkin, P.A.5
  • 47
    • 0032458688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The operational GOES infrared rainfall estimation technique
    • 10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<1883:TOGIRE>2.0.CO;2
    • GA Vicente RA Scofield WP Menzel 1998 The operational GOES infrared rainfall estimation technique. Bull Amer Meteor Soc 79: 1883-1898 10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<1883:TOGIRE>2.0.CO;2
    • (1998) Bull Amer Meteor Soc , vol.79 , pp. 1883-1898
    • Vicente, G.A.1    Scofield, R.A.2    Menzel, W.P.3
  • 48
    • 0022266967 scopus 로고
    • Small-scale climate maps: A sensitivity analysis of some common assumptions associated with grid-point interpolation and contouring
    • 10.1559/152304085783914686
    • CJ Willmott CM Rowe WD Philpot 1985 Small-scale climate maps: A sensitivity analysis of some common assumptions associated with grid-point interpolation and contouring. Amer Cartogr 12: 5-16 10.1559/ 152304085783914686
    • (1985) Amer Cartogr , vol.12 , pp. 5-16
    • Willmott, C.J.1    Rowe, C.M.2    Philpot, W.D.3
  • 49
    • 59249106618 scopus 로고
    • Review of requirements for area-averaged precipitation data, surface based and space based estimation techniques, space and time sampling, accuracy and error, data exchange
    • WMO WCP-100, WMO/TD-No. 115
    • WMO (1985) Review of requirements for area-averaged precipitation data, surface based and space based estimation techniques, space and time sampling, accuracy and error, data exchange. WCP-100, WMO/TD-No. 115
    • (1985)
  • 50
    • 0028849580 scopus 로고
    • An intercomparison of gauge observations and satellite estimates of monthly precipitation
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<1143:AIOGOA>2.0.CO;2
    • P Xie PA Arkin 1995 An intercomparison of gauge observations and satellite estimates of monthly precipitation. J Appl Meteor 34(5):1143-1160 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<1143:AIOGOA>2.0.CO;2
    • (1995) J Appl Meteor , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 1143-1160
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.