The political and economic forces shaping concentrated poverty

Political Science Quarterly

Volumn 123, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 555-571

  Wilson, William Julius ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 59249085668     PISSN: 00323195     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-165X.2008.tb00634.x     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. William Julius Wilson, When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996).
2. Paul Jargowsky, "Ghetto Poverty among Blacks in the 1980s," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 13 (Winter 1994): 288-310.
3. Michael B. Katz, "Reframing the 'Underclass' Debate" in Michael B. Katz, ed. The "Underclass" Debate: Views from History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993), 440-478;
4. David W. Bartelt, "Housing the 'Underclass'" in Katz, ed., "Underclass" Debate, 118-157;
5. Thomas J. Sugrue, "The Structure of Urban Poverty: The Reorganization of Space and Work in Three Periods of American History" in Katz, ed.,"Underclass" Debate, 85-117;
6. and Robin D.G. Kelley, "The Black Poor and the Politics of Opposition in a New South City" in Katz, ed., "Underclass" Debate, 293-333.
7. Katz, ed. "Underclass" Debate, 462.
8. Also see Bartelt, "Housing the 'Underclass'"; Sugrue, "The Structure of Urban Poverty"; and Martin Anderson, The Federal Bulldozer: A Critical Analysis of Urban Renewal, 1949-1962 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1964).
9. Raymond Mohl, "Planned Destruction: The Interstates and Central City Housing" in John F. Bauman, Roger Biles, and Kristin Szylvian, eds., From Tenements to Taylor Homes: In Search of an Urban Housing Policy in Twentieth-Century America (University Park, PA: State University Press, 2000), 226-245;
10. Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley-His Battle for Chicago and Nation (Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 2000); Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983).
11. Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh.
12. Charles E. Connerly, "From Racial Zoning to Community Empowerment: The Interstate Highway System and the African American Community in Birmingham, Alabama," Journal of Planning Education and Research 22 (December 2002): 99-114.
13. Ibid.; Ronald H. Bayor, "Roads to Racial Segregation: Atlanta in the Twentieth Century, Journal of Urban History 15 (November 1988): 3-21.
14. Katz, ed.,"Underclass" Debate.
15. Robert J. Sampson and William Julius Wilson, "Toward a Theory of Race, Crime, and Urban Inequality" in John Hagan and Ruth Peterson, eds., Crime and Inequality (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1995), 37-54.
16. Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Basic Books, 1999).
17. Katz, ed., "Underclass" Debate, 461-462. On the history of suburbs in America, see Kenneth T. Jackson, Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985). For a good discussion of the effects of housing discrimination on the living conditions, education, and employment of urban minorities,
18. see John Yinger, Closed Doors, Opportunities Lost: The Continuing Costs of Housing Discrimination (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1995).
19. Mark Condon, "Public Housing, Crime and the Urban Labor Market: A Study of Black Youth in Chicago" (working paper series, Malcolm Wiener Center, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1991).
20. Ibid., 3.
21. Ibid., 4.
22. Ibid., 4.
23. Sampson and Wilson, "Toward a Theory of Race." Also see Bartelt, "Housing the 'Underclass'"; Kelley, "The Black Poor and the Politics of Opposition"; Sugrue, "The Structure of Urban Poverty"; Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto; John F. Bauman, Norman P. Hummon, and Edward K. Muller, "Public Housing Isolation, and the Urban Underclass," Journal of Urban History 17 (May 1991): 264-29.
24. Lincoln Quillian, "Migration Patterns and the Growth of High-Poverty Neighborhoods, 1970- 1990," American Journal of Sociology 105 (July 1999): 1-37.
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid.
27. William Julius Wilson, The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass and Public Policy (Chicago, 1L: University of Chicago Press, 1987); Wilson, When Work Disappears; Quillian "Migration Patterns."
28. See Demetrios Caraley, "Washington Abandons the Cities," Political Science Quarterly 107 (Spring 1992): 1-30.
29. Bruce A. Wallin, "Budgeting for Basics: The Changing Landscape of City Finances" (discussion paper, the Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, Washington, DC, August 2005).
30. Caraley, "Washington Abandons the Cities."
31. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, The State of Cities (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1999).
32. Caraley, "Washington Abandons the Cities."
33. Iris J. Lav and Andrew Brecher, Passing Down the Deficit: Federal Policies Contribute to the Severity of the State Fiscal Crisis (Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, 2004).
34. Katz, ed. "Underclass" Debate, 1.
35. As one correspondent noted in 2005, "The United States is spending more than $1 billion a week in Iraq. The Administration this week asked for $80 billion in emergency spending most of it for military operations in Iraq. That would add to the nearly $250 billion already spent for the war and reconstruction." Alan Fram, "Bush to Seek $80B for Iraq, Afghan Wars" Yahoo News, 24 January 2005.
36. U.S. Department of Labor. 2008. Federal Minimum Wage Rates Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, accessed at http//www.dol.gov/esa/minwage/chart. pdf, 13 February 2008.
37. Radhika K. Fox and Sarah Treuhaft, Shared Prosperity, Stronger Regions: An Agenda for Rebuilding America's Older Core Cities (Oakland, CA: Report prepared for Policy Link, 2006).
38. Ibid.; Bill Joy, "Why the Future Doesn't Need Us," Wired (April 2000): 238-262.
39. Wilson, When Work Disappears.
40. Fox and Treuhaft, Shared Prosperity.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.; Wilson, When Work Disappears.
43. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, The State of Cities (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1999).
44. Fox and Treuhaft, Shared Prosperity.
45. Ibid., 32.
46. Ibid.
47. See, for example, Wilson, When Work Disappears; Joleen Kirschenman and Kathryn Neckerman, '"We'd Love to Hire Them, But ⋯': The Meaning of Race for Employers" in Christopher Jencks and Paul E. Peterson, eds., The Urban Underclass (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1991), 203-234;
48. Kathryn M. Neckerman and Joleen Kirschenman, "Hiring Strategies, Racial Bias, and Inner-City Workers," Social Problems 38 (November 1991): 433-447;
49. and Harry Holzer, What Employers Want- Job Prospects for Less Educated Workers (New York: Russell Sage, 1995).
50. Wilson, The Truly Disadvantaged; Wilson, When Work Disappears; Fox and Treuhaft, Shared Prosperity.
51. Fox and Treuhaft, Shared Prosperity.
52. Wilson, The Truly Disadvantaged; Wilson, When Work Disappears.
53. Paul Jargowsky, Stunning Progress, Hidden Problems: The Dramatic Decline of Concentrated Poverty in the 1990s (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2003).
54. Ibid., 9.
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid., 4.
57. Ibid.