Toward a nontoxic poison: Current trends in (European Union) biocides regulation

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 471-477

  Kähkönen, Elina ^a   Nordström, Katrina ^a  

^a AALTO UNIVERSITY   (Finland)

Author keywords

Biocide regulation; Biocide free alternatives; Biocidic product directive; Eco labels

Indexed keywords

DISINFECTANT AGENT;

ARTICLE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EUROPEAN UNION; LEGAL ASPECT; METHODOLOGY; POLLUTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; STANDARD;

DISINFECTANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; EUROPEAN UNION; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 59149088437     PISSN: 15513793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1897/IEAM_2008-021.1     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Bruns R, Kaulen J, Kretschik M, Kugler M. 2005. R&D in material protection: New biocides. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 25-46.
2. Cornish A, Kappock PS, Glaser JK. 2005. Protecting paints-Zinc pyrithione could replace conventional fungicide/algaecide blends. Eur Coatings J 4:144-149.
3. Dylingowski PJ, Hamel RG. 2005. Microbial degradation of plastics In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 325-346.
4. [EC] European Commission. 1995. Directive 95/2/EC of 20 OJ L 61, 1-40.
5. [EC] European Commission. 1998a. Directive 98/8/EC. OJ L123, 1-63.
6. [EC] European Commission. 1998b. Directive 98/83/EC. OJ L 330, 33-54.
7. [EC] European Commission. 2000. Directive 2000/60/EC. OJ L 327, 1-71.
8. [EC] European Commission. 2003a. Commission recommendation of 10 July 2003 on guidance for the implementation of regulation (EC) 761/2001. OJ L184, 19-32.
9. [EC] European Commission. 2003b. Commission regulation (EC) 2032/2003. OJ L307, 1-96.
10. [EC] European Commission. 2004. Commission directive 2004/73/EC. OJ L216, 3-310.
11. [EC] European Commission. 2006a. Commission directive 2006/140/EC. OJ L414, 78-80.
12. [EC] European Commission. 2006b. Directive 2005/90/EC. OJ L33, 28-81.
13. [EC] European Commission. 2006c. Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 of the concerning the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH). OJ L396, 1-849.
14. [EC] European Commission. 2006d. Proposal for a regulation of the European parliament and of the council on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, and amending directive 67/548/EEC and regulation (EC) 1907/2006. Brussels (BE): Commission of European Communities. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/reach/docs/ghs/ghs-prop-vol-i-en.pdf. Accessed 12 December 2007.
15. [EC] European Commission. 2008a. EMAS - The eco management and audit scheme. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/emas/about/participate/sites-en. htm, Accessed 31 January 2008.
16. [EC] European Commission. 2008b. Eco-label-Product groups. http://ec.europa. eu/environment/ecolabel/product/index-en.htm. Accessed 31 January 2008.
17. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1967. Council directive 67/548/EEC O J196, 1-98.
18. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1976a. Council directive 76/769/EEC. OJ L262, 201-203.
19. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1976b. Council directive 76/895/EEC. OJ L 340, 26-31.
20. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1976c. 76/768/EEC. OJ L262, 169-200.
21. [EEC] European Economic Community 1986a. Council directive 86/362/EEC. OJ L221, 43-47.
22. [EEC] European Economic Community 1986b. Council directive 86/363/EEC. OJ L221, 37-42.
23. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1990. Council directive 90/642/EEC. OJ L350, 71-79.
24. [EEC] European Economic Community. 1991. Council directive 91/414/EEC. OJ L230, 1-32.
25. [CIRCA] Communication and Information Resource Centre Administrator. 2008. The assessment reports of the substances included in the Annex 1 or 1A of the directive. http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/bio-reports/library?l=/ assessement-directive&vm=detailed&sb=Title. Accessed 20 March 2008.
26. [FLO] Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International. 2007. Generic fairtrade standards for small farmers" organizations. Current version 01.03.2007. Bonn (DE): FLO. http://www.fairtrade.net/fileadmin/user-upload/ content/Generic-Fairtrade-Standard-SF-March-2007-EN.pdf. Accessed 15 December 2007.
27. Gillat JW. 2005. The microbial spoilage of polymer dispersions and its preservatives. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 219-250.
28. Gillat J. 2003. Dry-film biocides-The next generation. Double Liaison 535:45-57.
29. Gartiser S, Reuther R, Reihlen A, Lüskow H, Vernon J, Zarogiannis P. 2007. Study on impact of the implementation of Directive 98/8/EC concerning the placing on the market of biocidal products-Final report for DG Environment European Commission October 10 2007. Freiburg (DE): Hydrotox. http://circa. europa.eu/Public/irc/env/bio-reports/library?l=/study-implementation/ report-101007pdf/-EN-1.0-&a=d. Accessed 12 December 2007.
30. Hauber C. 2005. Microbicide applications in the leather industry In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 317-324.
31. Kähkönen E, Nodström K, Suominen M. 2007. A challenge for biocides- Achieving long-term protection for colorants in point of sale dispensers. Eur Coatings J 7-8:28-33.
32. Kiely T, Donaldson D, Grube A. 2004. Pesticides industry sales and usage 2000 and 2001 market estimates. Washington DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Biological and Economic Analysis Division Office, Pesticide Programs Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances. http://www.epa.gov/ oppbead1/pestsales/01pestsales/market-estimates2001.pdf. Accessed 11 October 2007.
33. Lindner W. 2005. Surface coatings. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 347-376.
34. Lindner W. 2007. Dry-film preservation: BCM for exterior coatings-Past, present, future. In: Proceedings of the European Coatings Conference Novel Biocide Technology 3; 2007 Feb 15-16; Berlin, Germany. Hanover (DE): Vinsenz Network.
35. Ludensky M. 2005. Microbiological control in cooling water systems. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 121-140.
36. Maillard J-Y. 2002. Bacterial target sites for biocide action. J Appl Microbiol Symp 92(Suppl):16-27.
37. McIlvaine DB. 2005. Oilfield applications of biocides. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 157-176.
38. Nordic Ecolabelling. 2008. Swan-Search criteria. http://www.svanen.nu/ Default. aspx?tabName=CriteriaEng. Accessed 31 January 2008.
39. Nylund A, Pulliainen M, Peltonen J, Laurila T, Turkia M. 1997. Method for inhibition of growth of organisms of faces of constructions submerged in a liquid. Munich (DE): European Patent Office. Patent EP0788446.
40. Paulus W. 2005a. Introduction to microbicides. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 3-8.
41. Raczek NN. 2005. Food and beverage preservation In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 287-304.
42. [RAL] Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung. 2008. Blue engel-Existing basic criteria. http://www.blauer-engel.de/englisch/ vergabe/body-prodbasis-suche.htm. Accessed 31 January 2008.
43. Riego Sintes JM. 2004. Testing methods and directives. Ispra (IT): Joint Research Centre. http://ecb.jrc.it/DOCUMENTS/Testing-Methods/ListofojwebMay2004. pdf. Accessed 2007.
44. Robbins JA, Levy R. 2005. A review of the microbiological degradation of fuel. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 177-201.
45. Siegert W. 2003. Microbicides for coolants. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 203- 218.
46. Scholtyssek R. 2005. Protection of cosmetics and toiletries. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 263-286.
47. Treskonova K, Wingenfeld A. 2004. Selecting biocides to meet labelling regulations. Asia Pac Coatings J 17:8-11.
48. Unhoch MJ, Vore RD. 2005. Recreational water treatment. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 141-156.
49. Viitaniemi P, Ranta-maunus A, Jämsä S, Ek P. 1998. Method for processing wood at elevated temperatures. Munich (DE): European Patent Office. Patent EPO759137.
50. Williams GR. 2005. Industrial wood protection. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 419- 439.
51. Wypkema AW. 2005. Microbicides for the protection of textiles. In: Paulus W, editor. Directory of microbicides for the protection of materials. New York (NY): Springer. p 411-418.