The nail as a musculoskeletal appendage - Implications for an improved understanding of the link between psoriasis and arthritis

Dermatology

Volumn 218, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 97-102

  McGonagle, Dennis ^a,c   Tan, Ai Lyn ^a   Benjamin, Michael ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c CHAPEL ALLERTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Enthesis; Nail anchorage; Nail disease; Psoriasis; Psoriatic arthritis

Indexed keywords

ARTHRITIS; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; DISTAL PHALANX; HUMAN; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; NAIL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSORIASIS; REVIEW;

ARTHRITIS, PSORIATIC; COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; FINGER JOINT; FINGER PHALANGES; HUMANS; LIGAMENTS; NAIL DISEASES; NAILS; PSORIASIS; TENDONS;

EID: 59049086668     PISSN: 10188665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000182250     Document Type: Review

References (21)

1. Hamilton WJ, Mossman HW: Hamilton, Boyd and Mossman's Human Embryology. Cambridge, Heffer, 1972.
2. Schweitzer R, Chyung JH, Murtaugh LC, Brent AE, Rosen V, Olson EN, Lassar A, Tabin CJ: Analysis of the tendon cell fate using scleraxis, a specific marker for tendons and ligaments. Development 2001;128:3855-3866.
3. Johnson M, Comaish JS, Shuster S: Nail is produced by the normal nail bed: a controversy resolved. Br J Dermatol 1991;125:27-29.
4. De Berker D, Mawhinney B, Sviland L: Quantification of regional matrix nail production. Br J Dermatol 1996;134:1083-1086.
5. McGonagle D, Gibbon W, O'Connor P, Green M, Pease C, Emery P: Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging entheseal changes of knee synovitis in spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:694-700.
6. Benjamin M, McGonagle D: The anatomical basis for disease localisation in seronegative spondyloarthropathy at entheses and related sites. J Anat 2001;199:503-526.
7. Benjamin M, Moriggl B, Brenner E, Emery P, McGonagle D, Redman S: The 'enthesis organ' concept: why enthesopathies may not present as focal insertional disorders. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:3306-3313.
8. McGonagle D, Marzo-Ortega H, O'Connor P, Gibbon W, Pease C, Reece R, Emery P: The role of biomechanical factors and HLA-B27 in magnetic resonance imaging-determined bone changes in plantar fascia enthesopathy. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:489-493.
9. McGonagle D, Conaghan PG, Emery P: Psoriatic arthritis: a unified concept twenty years on. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42:1080-1086.
10. McGonagle D, Tan AL, Benjamin M: The biomechanical link between skin and joint disease in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: what every dermatologist needs to know. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67:1-4.
11. Tan AL, Benjamin M, Toumi H, Grainger AJ, Tanner SF, Emery P, McGonagle D: The relationship between the extensor tendon enthesis and the nail in distal interphalangeal joint disease in psoriatic arthritis - a high-resolution MRI and histological study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007;46:253-256.
12. Tan AL, Grainger AJ, Tanner SF, Emery P, McGonagle D: A high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study of distal interphalangeal joint arthropathy in psoriatic arthritis and osteoarthritis: are they the same? Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:1328-1333.
13. Guero S, Guichard S, Fraitag SR: Ligamentary structure of the base of the nail. Surg Radiol Anat 1994;16:47-52.
14. Shum C, Bruno RJ, Ristic S, Rosenwasser MP, Strauch RJ: Examination of the anatomic relationship of the proximal germinal nail matrix to the extensor tendon insertion. J Hand Surg [Am] 2000;25:1114-1117.
15. Frenz C, Fritsch H, Hoch J: Plastination histologic investigations on the inserting pars terminalis aponeurosis dorsalis of three-sectioned fingers (in German). Ann Anat 2000;182:69-73.
16. Ham AW: Histology, ed 6. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1969.
17. Wilkinson JL: The terminal phalanx of the great toe. J Anat 1954;88:537-541.
18. McGonagle D, McDermott MF: A proposed classification of the immunological diseases. PLoS Med 2006;3:e297.
19. Benjamin M, McGonagle D: Histopathologic changes at 'synovio-entheseal complexes' suggesting a novel mechanism for synovitis in osteoarthritis and spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:3601-3609.
20. Benjamin M, Toumi H, Suzuki D, Redman S, Emery P, McGonagle D: Microdamage and altered vascularity at the enthesis-bone interface provides an anatomic explanation for bone involvement in the HLA-B27-associated spondylarthritides and allied disorders. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:224-233.
21. Gisondi P, Tinazzi I, El-Dalati G, Gallo M, Biasi D, Barbara LM, Girolomoni G: Lower limb enthesopathy in patients with psoriasis without clinical signs of arthropathy: a hospital-based case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67:26-30.