The impact of ownership on the cost of bus service provision: An example from Italy

Applied Economics

Volumn 41, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 337-349

  Ottoz, Elisabetta ^a   Fornengo, Graziella ^a   Di Giacomo, Marina ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUS TRANSPORT; COST; MODELING; OWNERSHIP; PUBLIC TRANSPORT; SERVICE PROVISION;

EURASIA; EUROPE; ITALY; PIEDMONT [ITALY]; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

EID: 58949089710     PISSN: 00036846     EISSN: 14664283     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00036840601007260     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Battese, GE and Coelli, TJ (1993) A stochastic frontier production function incorporating a model for technical inefficiency effects
2. Battese, GE and Coelli, TJ (1995) A model for technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic frontier production function for panel data. Empirical Economics, 20, pp. 325-332.
3. Berechman, J. (1993) Public Transit Economics and Deregulation Policy, Amsterdam, North Holland
4. Berechman, J. and Giuliano, G. (1985) Economies of scale in bus transit: a review of concepts and evidence. Transportation, 12, pp. 312-332.
5. Berndt, ER (1991) The Practice of Econometrics: Classic and Contemporary, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA
6. Bhattacharyya, A., Harris, TR, Narayanan, R. and Rafiee, K. (1995) Specification and estimation of the effect of ownership on the economic efficiency of the water utilities. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 25, pp. 759-784.
7. Bhattacharyya, A., Kumbhakar, S. and Bhattacharyya, A. (1995) Ownership structure and cost efficiency: A study of publicly owned passenger bus transportation companies in India. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 8, pp. 35-52.
8. Boardman, AE and Vining, AR (1989) Ownership and performance in competitive environments: A comparison of the performance of private, mixed and state-owned enterprises. Journal of Law and Economics, 32, pp. 1-33.
9. Cambini, C. and Filippini, M. (2003) Competitive tendering and optimal size in the regional bus transportation, industry; an example from Italy. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 74, pp. 163-182.
10. Caudill, SB and Ford, JM (1993) Biases in frontier estimation due to heteroscedasticity. Economics Letters, 41, pp. 17-20.
11. Caves, DW, Christensen, LR and Tretheway, MW (1983) Economies of density versus economies of scale: Why trunk and local service airline costs differ. The Rand Journal of Economics, 15, pp. 471-489.
12. Chang, KP and Kao, PH (1992) The relative efficiency of public versus private municipal bus companies: An application of data envelopment analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 3, pp. 67-84.
13. Christensen, LR and Greene, WH (1976) Economies of scale in, U.S. electricity power generation. Journal of Political Economy, 84, pp. 655-676.
14. Coelli, TJ (1996) A guide to FRONTIER Version 4.1: A computer program for stochastic frontier production and cost function estimation
15. Coelli, TJ, Perelman, JS and Romano, E. (1999) Accounting for environmental influences in stochastic frontier models: With application to international airlines. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 11, pp. 251-273.
16. Coelli, TJ, Rao, DS and Battese, GE (1998) An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Boston
17. De Borger, B., Kerstens, K. and Costa, A. (2002) Public transit performance: What does one learn from frontier studies?. Transport Reviews, 22, pp. 1-38.
18. Fazioli, R., Filippini, M. and Prioni, P. (1993) Cost structure and efficiency of local public transport: The case of Emilia Romagna bus companies. International Journal of Transport Economics, 20, pp. 305-324.
19. Filippini, M. and Prioni, P. (2003) The influence of ownership on the cost of bus service provision in Switzerland: An empirical illustration. Applied Economics, 35, pp. 683-690.
20. Fraquelli, G., Piacenza, M. and Abrate, C. (2004) Regulating public transit networks: How do urban-intercity diversification and speed-up measures affect firms' cost performance?. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 75, pp. 193-225.
21. Friedlaender, A. and Wang Chiang, SJ (1983) Productivity growth in the regulated trucking industry. Research in Transport and Economics, 1, pp. 149-184.
22. Good, D., Nadiri, M., Roller, L. and Sickles, R. (1993) Efficiency and productivity growth comparisons of European and, U.S. Air Carriers: A first look at the data. The Journal of Productivity Analysis, 4, pp. 115-125.
23. Greene, W. (2002) Fixed and random effects in stochastic frontier models
24. Greene, W. (2004) Distinguishing between heterogeneity and inefficiency: stochastic frontier analysis of the world health organization's panel data on National Health Care Systems. Health Economics, 13, pp. 959-980.
25. Gumbau-Albert, M. and Maudos, J. (2002) The determinants of efficiency: the case of the Spanish industry. Applied Economics, 34, pp. 1941-1948.
26. Heshmati, A. (1996) On the single and multiple time trends representation of technical change. Applied Economics Letters, 3, pp. 495-499.
27. Hodge, G. (2000) Privatization: An International Review of Performance, Westview Press, Boulder, CO
28. Jondrow, J., Lovell, KCA, Materov, I. and Schmidt, P. (1982) On the estimation of technical efficiency in the Stochastic production function model. Journal of Econometrics, 19, pp. 233-238.
29. Jørgensen, F., Pedersen, PA and Volden, R. (1997) Estimating the efficiency in the norwegian bus industry from stochastic cost frontier models. Transportation, 24, pp. 421-433.
30. Kalirajan, KP (1989) On measuring the contribution of human capital to agricultural production. Indian Economic Review, 24, pp. 247-261.
31. Kerstens, K. (1996) Technical efficiency measurement and explanation of french urban transit companies. Transportation Research, pp. 341-452.
32. Kobbe, DA and Palm, FC (1986) Wald criteria for jointly testing equality and inequality restrictions. Econometrica, 54, pp. 1243-1248.
33. Kumbhakar, SC (2004) Productivity and technical change: Measurement and testing. Empirical Economics, 29, pp. 185-191.
34. Kumbhakar, SC, Gosh, SC and McGuckin, JT (1991) A generalised production frontier approach for estimating determinants of inefficiency in the, U.S. dairy farms. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 9, pp. 279-286.
35. Kumbhakar, SC, Heshmati, A. and Hjalmarsson, L. (1999) Parametric approaches to productivity measurement: A comparison among alternative models. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 101, pp. 405-424.
36. Kumbhakar, SC and Lovell, CA (2000) Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
37. Martin, S. and Parker, D. (1997) The Impact of Privatization: Ownership and Corporate Performance in the UK, Routledge, New York
38. Mizutani, F. and Urakami, T. (2003) A private-public comparison of bus service operators. International Journal of Transport Economics, 30, pp. 167-185.
39. Odeck, J. and Alkadi, A. (2001) Evaluating efficiency in the Norwegian bus industry using data envelopment analysis. Transportation, 28, pp. 211-232.
40. Perry, JL and Babitsky, TT (1986) Comparative performance in urban bus transit: Assessing privatization strategies. Public Administration Review, 46, pp. 57-66.
41. Piacenza, M. (2001) Productive structure
42. Piacenza, M. (2006) Regulatory contracts and cost efficiency: Stochastic frontier evidence from the italian local public transport. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 25, pp. 257-277.
43. Pitt, MM and Lee, LF (1981) Measurement and sources of technical inefficiency in the indonesian weaving industry. Journal of Development Economics, 9, pp. 43-64.
44. Roy, W. and Yvrande-Billon, A. (2007) Ownership, contractual practice and technical efficiency: The case of urban public transport in France. Journal of Transport Economics, 41, pp. 257-282.
45. Schmidt, P. and Sickles, E. (1984) Production frontiers and panel data. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 2, pp. 367-374.
46. Sickles, RC (2005) Panel estimators and the identification of firm-specific efficiency levels in parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric settings. Journal of Econometrics, 126, pp. 305-334.
47. Vickers, J. and Yarrow, G. (1989) Privatization: An Economic Analysis, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
48. Viton, PA (1997) Technical efficiency in multi-mode bus transit: A production frontier analysis. Transportation Research, pp. 23-39.
49. Wang, H-J (2002) Heteroscedasticity and non-monotonic efficiency effects of a stochastic frontier model. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 18, pp. 241-253.
50. Wang, H-J and Schmidt, P. (2002) One - step and two - step estimation of the effects of exogenous variables on technical efficiency levels. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 18, pp. 129-144.