When should oxygen be given to children at high altitude? A systematic review to define altitudespecific hypoxaemia

Archives of Disease in Childhood

Volumn 94, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 6-10

  Subhi, Rami ^a   Smith, Katherine ^a   Duke, Trevor ^a  

^a ROYAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN;

ALTITUDE; ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION; ARTICLE; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HUMAN; HYPOXEMIA; OXYGEN SATURATION; OXYGEN SUPPLY; OXYGEN THERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SEA LEVEL; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

ALTITUDE; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANOXIA; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; OXIMETRY; OXYGEN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY; PNEUMONIA; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; REFERENCE VALUES;

EID: 58349121848     PISSN: 00039888     EISSN: 14682044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/adc.2008.138362     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Rudan l, Tomaskovic L, Boschi-Pinto C, et al. Global estimate of the incidence of clinical pneumonia among children under five years of age. Bull World Health Organ 2004; 82:895-903.
2. UNICEF/WHO. Pneumonia: the forgotten killer of children. Geneva: UNICEF/WHO, 2006.
3. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study [comment]. Lancet 1997; 349:1269-76.
4. Duke T, Mgone J, Frank D. Hypoxaemia in children with severe pneumonia in Papua New Guinea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5:511-19.
5. Onyango FE, Steinhoff MC, Wafula EM, et al. Hypoxaemia in young Kenyan children with acute lower respiratory infection. BMJ 1993; 306:612-15.
6. Smyth A, Carty H, Hart CA. Clinical predictors of hypoxaemia in children with pneumonia. Ann Trop Paediatr 1998; 18:31-40.
7. Reuland DS, Steinhoff MC, Gilman RH, et al. Prevalence and prediction of hypoxemia in children with respiratory infections in the Peruvian Andes. J Pediatr 1991; 119:900-6.
8. Lozano JM, Steinhoff M, Ruiz JG, et al. Clinical predictors of acute radiological pneumonia and hypoxaemia at high altitude. Arch Dis Child 1994; 71:323-7.
9. World Health Organization. Pocket book of hospital care for children: guidelines for the management of common illnesses with limited resources. Geneva: WHO, 2005.
10. Toth B, Becker A, Seelbach-Gobel B. Oxygen saturation in healthy newborn infants immediately after birth measured by pulse oximetry. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2002; 266:105-7.
11. Kirkwood BR, Sterne JAC. Essential medical statistics. 2nd edn. Maiden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2003.
12. Sharp S. Meta-analysis regression. Stata Technical Bulletin Reprints 1998; 7:148-55.
13. Baiasubramanian S, Suresh N, Ravichandran C, et al. Reference values for oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry in healthy children at sea level in Chennai. Ann Trop Paediatr 2006; 26:95-9.
14. Basnet S, Adhikari RK, Gurung CK. Hypoxemia in children with pneumonia and its clinical predictors. Indian J Pediatr 2006; 73:777-81.
15. Beall CM. Oxygen saturation increases during childhood and decreases during adulthood among high altitude native Tibetians residing at 3,800-4,200 m. High Alt Med Biol 2000; 1:25-32.
16. Beebe SA, Heery LB, Magadan S, et al. Pulse oximetry at moderate altitude. Healthy children and children with upper respiratory infection. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1994; 33:329-32.
17. Bruce N, Weber M, Arana B, et al. Pneumonia case-finding in the RESPIRE Guatemala indoor air pollution trial: standardizing methods for resource-poor settings. Bull World Health Organ 2007; 85:535-44.
18. Duke T, Blaschke AJ, Sialis S, et al. Hypoxaemia in acute respiratory and nonrespiratory illnesses in neonates and children in a developing country. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86:108-12.
19. Dyke T, Lewis D, Heegaard W, et al. Predicting hypoxia in children with acute lower respiratory infection: a study in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. J Trop Pediatr 1995; 41:196-201.
20. Gamponia MJ, Babaali H, Yugar F, et al. Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude. Arch Dis Child 1998; 78:461-5.
21. Huicho L, Pawson lG, Leon-Velarde F, et al. Oxygen saturation and heart rate in healthy school children and adolescents living at high altitude. Am J Hum Biol 2001; 13:761-70.
22. Lodha R, Bhadauria PS, Kuttikat AV, et al. Can clinical symptoms or signs accurately predict hypoxemia in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections? Indian Pediatr 2004; 41:129-35.
23. Lozano JM, Duque OR, Buitrago T, et al. Pulse oximetry reference values at highaltitude. Arch Dis Child 1992; 67:299-301.
24. Madico G, Gilman RH, Jabra A, et al. The role of pulse oximetry: its use as an indicator of severe respiratory disease in Peruvian children living at sea level. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995, 149:1259-63.
25. Mau MK, Yamasato KS, Yamamoto LG. Normal oxygen saturation values in pediatric patients. Hawaii Med J 2005; 64:42.
26. Meyts l, Reempts PV, Boeck KD. Monitoring of haemoglobin oxygen saturation in healthy infants using a new generation pulse oximeter which takes motion artifacts into account. Eur J Pediatr 2002; 161:653-5.
27. Mok JY, McLaughlin FJ, Pintar M, et al. Transcutaneous monitoring of oxygenation: what is normal? J Pediatr 1986; 108:365-71.
28. Muhe L, Webert M. Oxygen delivery to children with hypoxaemia in small hospitals in developing countries. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5:527-32.
29. Nicholas R, Yaron M, Reeves J. Oxygen saturation in children living at moderate altitude. J Am Board Fam Pract 1993; 6:452-6.
30. Niermeyer S, Shaffer EM, Thilo E, et al. Arterial oxygenation and pulmonary arterial pressure in healthy neonates and infants at high altitude. J Pediatr 1993; 123:767-72.
31. Niermeyer S, Yang P. Snanmina, et al. Arterial oxygen saturation in Tibetan and Han infants born in Lhasa, Tibet. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1248-52.
32. Saleu G, Lupiwa S, Javati A. et al. Arterial oxygen saturation in healthy young infants in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. PNGMed J 1999; 42:90-3.
33. Thilo EH, Park-Moore B, Berman ER. et al. OxyGen saturation by pulse oximetry in healthy infants at an altitude of 1610 m (5280 ft). What is normal? Am J Dis Child 1991; 145:1137-40.
34. Poets CF, Stebbens VA, Lang JA, et al. Arterial oxygen saturation in healthy term neonates. Eur J Pediatr 1996; 155:219-23.
35. World Health Organization Oxygen therapy for acute respiratory infections for young children in developing countries. Programme for the Control of Acute Respiratory Infections of the World Health Organization. Geneva: WHO, 1993.
36. Weber MW, Mulholland EK. Pulse oximetry in developing countries. Lancet 1998; 351:1589.
37. Steinhoff M, Black R. Childhood pneumonia: we must move forward (comment]. Lancet 2007; 369:1409-10.
38. West JB. Respiratory physiology: the essentials. 7th edn. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000.
39. de Meer K, Heymans HS, Zijlstra WG. Physical adaptation of children to life at high altitude. Eur J Pediatr 1995; 154:263-72.
40. Djelantik IG, Gessner B0, Sutanto A, et al. Case fatality proportions and predictive factors for mortality among children hospitalized with severe pneumonia in a rural developing country setting. J Trop Pediatr 2003; 49:327-32.
41. Nicholas R, Yaron M, Reeves J. Oxygen saturation in children living at moderate altitude. J Am Board Fam Pract 1993; 6:452-6.
42. Mood AM, Graybill FA, Boes DC. Introduction to the theory of statistics. Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, 1974.