메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 65-76

Native oak retention as a key factor for the conservation of winter bird diversity in managed deciduous forests in northern Italy

Author keywords

Bird community; Black locust; Class and landscape predictors; Forest cover; Forest fragmentation; Italy; Landscape pattern; Oak

Indexed keywords

AGE STRUCTURE; BIOMASS; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FOREST COVER; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY PRACTICE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT STRUCTURE; HABITAT TYPE; INTRODUCED SPECIES; SPECIES CONSERVATION; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP;

EID: 58349116422     PISSN: 09212973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10980-008-9280-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 0000501656 scopus 로고
    • Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle
    • 2 Akademiai Kiado Budapest Hungary
    • Akaike H (1973) Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. In: Petran BN, Csari F (eds) International symposium on information theory, 2nd edn. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest Hungary, pp 267-281
    • (1973) International Symposium on Information Theory , pp. 267-281
    • Akaike, H.1    Petran, B.N.2    Csari, F.3
  • 2
    • 0028165202 scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals with different proportions of suitable habitat: A review
    • 10.2307/3545823
    • H Andrén 1994 Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals with different proportions of suitable habitat: a review Oikos 71 55 366 10.2307/3545823
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.71 , pp. 55-366
    • Andrén, H.1
  • 3
    • 33847329683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of thematic resolution on metric selection for biodiversity monitoring in agricultural landscapes
    • 10.1007/s10980-006-9035-9
    • D Bailey R Billeter S Aviron 2007 The influence of thematic resolution on metric selection for biodiversity monitoring in agricultural landscapes Landsc Ecol 22 461 473 10.1007/s10980-006-9035-9
    • (2007) Landsc Ecol , vol.22 , pp. 461-473
    • Bailey, D.1    Billeter, R.2    Aviron, S.3
  • 4
    • 0036272566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of focal species in designing a habitat network for a lowland area of Lombardy, Italy
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01082.x
    • L Bani M Baietto L Bottoni 2002 The use of focal species in designing a habitat network for a lowland area of Lombardy, Italy Conserv Biol 16 826 831 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01082.x
    • (2002) Conserv Biol , vol.16 , pp. 826-831
    • Bani, L.1    Baietto, M.2    Bottoni, L.3
  • 5
    • 33645101328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multiscale method for selecting indicator species and priority conservation areas: A case study for broadleaved forests in Lombardy, Italy
    • 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00331.x
    • L Bani D Massimino L Bottoni R Massa 2006 A multiscale method for selecting indicator species and priority conservation areas: a case study for broadleaved forests in Lombardy, Italy Conserv Biol 20 512 526 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00331.x
    • (2006) Conserv Biol , vol.20 , pp. 512-526
    • Bani, L.1    Massimino, D.2    Bottoni, L.3    Massa, R.4
  • 6
    • 1842815230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of an edge effect on avian nest success
    • 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00184.x
    • P Batáry A Báldi 2004 Evidence of an edge effect on avian nest success Conserv Biol 18 389 400 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00184.x
    • (2004) Conserv Biol , vol.18 , pp. 389-400
    • Batáry, P.1    Báldi, A.2
  • 9
    • 0036557498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape ecology and forest management: Developing an effective partnership
    • S Boutin D Hebert 2002 Landscape ecology and forest management: developing an effective partnership Ecol Appl 12 390 397
    • (2002) Ecol Appl , vol.12 , pp. 390-397
    • Boutin, S.1    Hebert, D.2
  • 10
    • 0035093243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting bird communities in fragments of secondary pine forests in the north-western Mediterranean basin
    • 10.1016/S1146-609X(00)01095-X
    • L Brotons S Herrando 2001 Factors affecting bird communities in fragments of secondary pine forests in the north-western Mediterranean basin Acta Oecol 22 21 31 10.1016/S1146-609X(00)01095-X
    • (2001) Acta Oecol , vol.22 , pp. 21-31
    • Brotons, L.1    Herrando, S.2
  • 11
    • 33745720003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bird assemblages in forest fragments within Mediterranean mosaics created by wild fires
    • 10.1007/s10980-005-0165-2
    • L Brotons S Herrando JL Martin 2004 Bird assemblages in forest fragments within Mediterranean mosaics created by wild fires Landsc Ecol 19 663 675 10.1007/s10980-005-0165-2
    • (2004) Landsc Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 663-675
    • Brotons, L.1    Herrando, S.2    Martin, J.L.3
  • 13
    • 0036222779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest predators and fragmentation: A review and meta-analysis
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00308.x
    • AD Chalfoun FR Thompson MJ Ratnaswamy 2002 Nest predators and fragmentation: a review and meta-analysis Conserv Biol 16 306 318 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00308.x
    • (2002) Conserv Biol , vol.16 , pp. 306-318
    • Chalfoun, A.D.1    Thompson, F.R.2    Ratnaswamy, M.J.3
  • 14
    • 58349121730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flora vascolare del settore nord-occidentale della provincia di Asti (Piemonte, Italia NW)
    • F Correggia 2002 Flora vascolare del settore nord-occidentale della provincia di Asti (Piemonte, Italia NW) Riv Piem St Nat 23 3 92
    • (2002) Riv Piem St Nat , vol.23 , pp. 3-92
    • Correggia, F.1
  • 15
    • 4444354565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchical analysis of forest bird species-environment relationships in the Oregon Coast Range
    • 10.1890/03-5131
    • SA Cushman K McGarigal 2004 Hierarchical analysis of forest bird species-environment relationships in the Oregon Coast Range Ecol Appl 14 1090 1105 10.1890/03-5131
    • (2004) Ecol Appl , vol.14 , pp. 1090-1105
    • Cushman, S.A.1    McGarigal, K.2
  • 16
    • 1542438905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns in the species-environment relationship depend on both scale and choice of response variables
    • 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12524.x
    • SA Cushman K McGarigal 2004 Patterns in the species-environment relationship depend on both scale and choice of response variables Oikos 105 117 124 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12524.x
    • (2004) Oikos , vol.105 , pp. 117-124
    • Cushman, S.A.1    McGarigal, K.2
  • 17
    • 0342572567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat and landscape correlates of presence, density, and species richness of birds wintering in forest fragments in Ohio
    • 10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0388:HALCOP]2.0.CO;2
    • PF Doherty Jr TC Grubb Jr 2000 Habitat and landscape correlates of presence, density, and species richness of birds wintering in forest fragments in Ohio Wilson Bull 112 388 394 10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0388:HALCOP]2.0.CO;2
    • (2000) Wilson Bull , vol.112 , pp. 388-394
    • Doherty Jr., P.F.1    Grubb Jr., T.C.2
  • 18
    • 0030829479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter bird communities in forest plantations in western England and their response to vegetation, growth stage and grazing
    • PF Donald D Haycock RJ Fuller 1997 Winter bird communities in forest plantations in western England and their response to vegetation, growth stage and grazing Bird Study 44 206 219
    • (1997) Bird Study , vol.44 , pp. 206-219
    • Donald, P.F.1    Haycock, D.2    Fuller, R.J.3
  • 19
    • 0028983877 scopus 로고
    • Deciduous forest and resident birds: The problem of fragmentation within a coniferous forest landscape
    • 10.1007/BF00128994
    • B Enoksson P Angelstam K Larsson 1995 Deciduous forest and resident birds: the problem of fragmentation within a coniferous forest landscape Landsc Ecol 10 267 275 10.1007/BF00128994
    • (1995) Landsc Ecol , vol.10 , pp. 267-275
    • Enoksson, B.1    Angelstam, P.2    Larsson, K.3
  • 20
    • 58349122359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available from Accessed July 2007
    • ESRI (2004) ArcGIS. Version 9.1. Available from http://www.esri.com. Accessed July 2007
    • (2004) ArcGIS. Version 9.1
  • 21
    • 0842322908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity
    • 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132419
    • L Fahrig 2003 Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity Annu Rev Ecol Syst 34 487 515 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132419
    • (2003) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.34 , pp. 487-515
    • Fahrig, L.1
  • 22
    • 0000275171 scopus 로고
    • Bird communities of the forests of Butgundy and the Jura (eastern France)
    • SPB Academic Publishing The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Ferry C, Frochot B (1990) Bird communities of the forests of Butgundy and the Jura (eastern France). In: Keast A (ed) Biogeography and ecology of forest bird communities. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands, pp 183-194
    • (1990) Biogeography and Ecology of Forest Bird Communities , pp. 183-194
    • Ferry, C.1    Frochot, B.2    Keast, A.3
  • 23
    • 0036113604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The conservation value of paddock trees for birds in a variegated landscape in southern New South Wales. 2. Paddock trees as stepping stones
    • J Fischer DB Lindenmayer 2002 The conservation value of paddock trees for birds in a variegated landscape in southern New South Wales. 2. Paddock trees as stepping stones Biodivers Conserv 11 833 849
    • (2002) Biodivers Conserv , vol.11 , pp. 833-849
    • Fischer, J.1    Lindenmayer, D.B.2
  • 25
    • 0342708635 scopus 로고
    • Severe winter weather and bird populations in southern Illinois
    • RR Graber JW Graber 1979 Severe winter weather and bird populations in southern Illinois Wilson Bull 91 88 103
    • (1979) Wilson Bull , vol.91 , pp. 88-103
    • Graber, R.R.1    Graber, J.W.2
  • 27
    • 5344262517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat cover, landscape structure and spatial variables on the abundance of birds in an agricultural-forest mosaic
    • 10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00938.x
    • RK Heikkinen M Luoto R Virkkala K Rainio 2004 Effects of habitat cover, landscape structure and spatial variables on the abundance of birds in an agricultural-forest mosaic J Appl Ecol 41 824 883 10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004. 00938.x
    • (2004) J Appl Ecol , vol.41 , pp. 824-883
    • Heikkinen, R.K.1    Luoto, M.2    Virkkala, R.3    Rainio, K.4
  • 28
    • 0000816589 scopus 로고
    • Forest succession and bird communities: Theoretical aspects and practical implications
    • SPB Academic Publishing The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Helle P, Mönkkönen M (1990) Forest succession and bird communities: theoretical aspects and practical implications. In: Keast A (ed) Biogeography and ecology of forest bird communities. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands, pp 299-318
    • (1990) Biogeography and Ecology of Forest Bird Communities , pp. 299-318
    • Helle, P.1    Mönkkönen, M.2    Keast, A.3
  • 30
    • 0030305457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R: A language for data analysis and graphics
    • 10.2307/1390807
    • R Ihaka R Gentleman 1996 R: a language for data analysis and graphics J Comput Graph Stat 5 299 314 10.2307/1390807
    • (1996) J Comput Graph Stat , vol.5 , pp. 299-314
    • Ihaka, R.1    Gentleman, R.2
  • 35
    • 0033972121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: New measures of landscape fragmentation
    • 10.1023/A:1008129329289
    • JAG Jaeger 2000 Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: new measures of landscape fragmentation Landsc Ecol 15 115 130 10.1023/A:1008129329289
    • (2000) Landsc Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 115-130
    • Jaeger, J.A.G.1
  • 36
    • 0000297525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modifiable areal unit problem and implications for landscape ecology
    • 10.1007/BF02447512
    • DE Jelinski J Wu 1996 The modifiable areal unit problem and implications for landscape ecology Landsc Ecol 11 129 140 10.1007/BF02447512
    • (1996) Landsc Ecol , vol.11 , pp. 129-140
    • Jelinski, D.E.1    Wu, J.2
  • 37
    • 0030324483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of landscape matrix and habitat structure on a bird community in northern Finland: A multi-scale approach
    • J Jokimäki E Huhta 1996 Effects of landscape matrix and habitat structure on a bird community in northern Finland: a multi-scale approach Ornis Fenn 73 97 113
    • (1996) Ornis Fenn , vol.73 , pp. 97-113
    • Jokimäki, J.1    Huhta, E.2
  • 39
    • 33749393951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-scaled analysis of avian response to habitat amount and fragmentation in the Canadian dry mixed-grass prairie
    • 10.1007/s10980-006-0004-0
    • N Koper FKA Schmiegelow 2006 A multi-scaled analysis of avian response to habitat amount and fragmentation in the Canadian dry mixed-grass prairie Landsc Ecol 21 1045 1059 10.1007/s10980-006-0004-0
    • (2006) Landsc Ecol , vol.21 , pp. 1045-1059
    • Koper, N.1    Schmiegelow, F.K.A.2
  • 40
    • 0001343964 scopus 로고
    • Further changes in birdlife caused by afforestation
    • 10.2307/1536
    • D Lack E Lack 1951 Further changes in birdlife caused by afforestation J Anim Ecol 20 173 179 10.2307/1536
    • (1951) J Anim Ecol , vol.20 , pp. 173-179
    • Lack, D.1    Lack, E.2
  • 41
    • 0036071991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat structure, floral composition and diversity on a forest bird community in north-western Italy
    • P Laiolo 2002 Effects of habitat structure, floral composition and diversity on a forest bird community in north-western Italy Folia Zool (Brno) 51 121 128
    • (2002) Folia Zool (Brno) , vol.51 , pp. 121-128
    • Laiolo, P.1
  • 42
    • 0038721216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of logging and non-native tree proliferation on the birds overwintering in the upland forests of north-western Italy
    • 10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00542-X
    • P Laiolo E Caprio A Rolando 2003 Effects of logging and non-native tree proliferation on the birds overwintering in the upland forests of north-western Italy For Ecol Manage 179 441 454 10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00542-X
    • (2003) For Ecol Manage , vol.179 , pp. 441-454
    • Laiolo, P.1    Caprio, E.2    Rolando, A.3
  • 43
    • 1542349872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of birds to the natural re-establishment of wilderness in montane beechwoods of North-western Italy
    • 10.1016/j.actao.2003.12.003
    • P Laiolo A Rolando V Valsania 2004 Responses of birds to the natural re-establishment of wilderness in montane beechwoods of North-western Italy Acta Oecol 25 129 136 10.1016/j.actao.2003.12.003
    • (2004) Acta Oecol , vol.25 , pp. 129-136
    • Laiolo, P.1    Rolando, A.2    Valsania, V.3
  • 44
    • 3843110244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian community structure in sweet chestnut coppiced woods facing natural restoration
    • P Laiolo A Rolando V Valsania 2004 Avian community structure in sweet chestnut coppiced woods facing natural restoration Rev Ecol (Terre Vie) 59 453 463
    • (2004) Rev Ecol (Terre Vie) , vol.59 , pp. 453-463
    • Laiolo, P.1    Rolando, A.2    Valsania, V.3
  • 45
    • 0024937968 scopus 로고
    • Spatial pattern and ecological analysis
    • 10.1007/BF00048036
    • P Legendre MJ Fortin 1989 Spatial pattern and ecological analysis Vegetation 80 107 138 10.1007/BF00048036
    • (1989) Vegetation , vol.80 , pp. 107-138
    • Legendre, P.1    Fortin, M.J.2
  • 46
    • 0004170691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second English Edition Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Legendre P, Legendre L (1998) Numerical ecology, Second English Edition edn. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • (1998) Numerical Ecology
    • Legendre, P.1    Legendre, L.2
  • 47
    • 3042764181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use and misuse of landscape indices
    • 10.1023/B:LAND.0000030441.15628.d6
    • H Li J Wu 2004 Use and misuse of landscape indices Landsc Ecol 19 389 399 10.1023/B:LAND.0000030441.15628.d6
    • (2004) Landsc Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 389-399
    • Li, H.1    Wu, J.2
  • 48
    • 0037353430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birds in eucalypt and pine forests: Landscape alteration and its implications for research models of faunal habitat use
    • 10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00174-X
    • DB Lindenmayer S McIntyre J Fischer 2003 Birds in eucalypt and pine forests: landscape alteration and its implications for research models of faunal habitat use Biol Conserv 110 45 53 10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00174-X
    • (2003) Biol Conserv , vol.110 , pp. 45-53
    • Lindenmayer, D.B.1    McIntyre, S.2    Fischer, J.3
  • 49
    • 0000117046 scopus 로고
    • On the relation between habitat selection and species diversity
    • 10.1086/282425
    • RH MacArthur H Recher M Cody 1966 On the relation between habitat selection and species diversity Am Nat 100 319 327 10.1086/282425
    • (1966) Am Nat , vol.100 , pp. 319-327
    • MacArthur, R.H.1    Recher, H.2    Cody, M.3
  • 50
    • 0038308236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. Available from Accessed October 2006
    • McGarigal K, Cushman SA, Neel MC et al (2002) FRAGSTATS: spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps. Version 3.3. Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts. Available from www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/ fragstats.html. Accessed October 2006
    • (2002) FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps. Version 3.3
    • McGarigal, K.1    Cushman, S.A.2    Neel, M.C.3
  • 52
    • 0005791056 scopus 로고
    • Diversity of woodland song-bird populations
    • 10.2307/3798
    • D Moss 1978 Diversity of woodland song-bird populations J Anim Ecol 47 521 527 10.2307/3798
    • (1978) J Anim Ecol , vol.47 , pp. 521-527
    • Moss, D.1
  • 55
    • 0028179752 scopus 로고
    • The effect of edge on avian nest success: How strong is the evidence?
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010017.x
    • PWC Paton 1994 The effect of edge on avian nest success: how strong is the evidence? Conserv Biol 8 17 26 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010017.x
    • (1994) Conserv Biol , vol.8 , pp. 17-26
    • Paton, P.W.C.1
  • 56
    • 0033938205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat characteristics affecting use of lowland agricultural grassland by birds in winter
    • 10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00042-2
    • AJ Perkins MJ Whittingham RB Bradbury 2000 Habitat characteristics affecting use of lowland agricultural grassland by birds in winter Biol Conserv 95 279 294 10.1016/S0006-3207(00)00042-2
    • (2000) Biol Conserv , vol.95 , pp. 279-294
    • Perkins, A.J.1    Whittingham, M.J.2    Bradbury, R.B.3
  • 57
    • 0037769766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flora vascolare del Parco Naturale Regionale di Rocchetta Tanaro (Provincia di Asti, Piemonte)
    • F Picco F Ravetti 2000 Flora vascolare del Parco Naturale Regionale di Rocchetta Tanaro (Provincia di Asti, Piemonte) Riv Piem St Nat 21 19 85
    • (2000) Riv Piem St Nat , vol.21 , pp. 19-85
    • Picco, F.1    Ravetti, F.2
  • 58
    • 28444445926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team R foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria. Available from Accessed October 2006
    • R Development Core Team (2005) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria. Available from http://www.R-project.org. Accessed October 2006
    • (2005) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
  • 59
    • 0028993079 scopus 로고
    • A factor analysis of landscape pattern and structure metrics
    • 10.1007/BF00158551
    • KH Ritters RV O'Neill CT Hunsaker 1995 A factor analysis of landscape pattern and structure metrics Landsc Ecol 10 23 39 10.1007/BF00158551
    • (1995) Landsc Ecol , vol.10 , pp. 23-39
    • Ritters, K.H.1    O'Neill, R.V.2    Hunsaker, C.T.3
  • 60
    • 0036126636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bird conservation in fragmented Mediterranean forests of Spain: Effects of geographical location, habitat and landscape degradation
    • 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00210-5
    • T Santos JL Telleria R Carbonell 2002 Bird conservation in fragmented Mediterranean forests of Spain: effects of geographical location, habitat and landscape degradation Biol Conserv 105 113 125 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00210-5
    • (2002) Biol Conserv , vol.105 , pp. 113-125
    • Santos, T.1    Telleria, J.L.2    Carbonell, R.3
  • 61
    • 0001052035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROOKCASE: An Excel 97/2000 visual basic (VB) add-in for exploring global and local spatial autocorrelation
    • 10.1890/0012-9623(1999)080[0231:TT]2.0.CO;2
    • M Sawada 1999 ROOKCASE: an Excel 97/2000 visual basic (VB) add-in for exploring global and local spatial autocorrelation Bull Ecol Soc Am 80 231 234 10.1890/0012-9623(1999)080[0231:TT]2.0.CO;2
    • (1999) Bull Ecol Soc Am , vol.80 , pp. 231-234
    • Sawada, M.1
  • 62
    • 0036557494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat loss and fragmentation in dynamic landscapes: Avian perspectives from the boreal forest
    • FKA Schmiegelow M Mönkkönen 2002 Habitat loss and fragmentation in dynamic landscapes: avian perspectives from the boreal forest Ecol Appl 12 375 389
    • (2002) Ecol Appl , vol.12 , pp. 375-389
    • Schmiegelow, F.K.A.1    Mönkkönen, M.2
  • 64
    • 1942520426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter bird communities in the northern Negev: Species dispersal patterns, habitat use and implication for habitat conservation
    • E Shochat I Tsurim 2004 Winter bird communities in the northern Negev: species dispersal patterns, habitat use and implication for habitat conservation Biol Conserv 13 1571 1590
    • (2004) Biol Conserv , vol.13 , pp. 1571-1590
    • Shochat, E.1    Tsurim, I.2
  • 65
    • 0031732955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in the survival rates of some British passerines with respect to their population trends on farmland
    • GM Siriwardena SR Baillie JD Wilson 1998 Variation in the survival rates of some British passerines with respect to their population trends on farmland Bird Study 45 276 292
    • (1998) Bird Study , vol.45 , pp. 276-292
    • Siriwardena, G.M.1    Baillie, S.R.2    Wilson, J.D.3
  • 66
    • 0001997543 scopus 로고
    • Birds in winter-an outline
    • R Spencer 1982 Birds in winter-an outline Bird Study 29 169 182
    • (1982) Bird Study , vol.29 , pp. 169-182
    • Spencer, R.1
  • 68
    • 0028976649 scopus 로고
    • Effects of forest fragmentation on a guild of wintering passerines: The role of habitat selection
    • 10.1016/0006-3207(94)00021-H
    • JL Telleria T Santos 1995 Effects of forest fragmentation on a guild of wintering passerines: the role of habitat selection Biol Conserv 71 61 67 10.1016/0006-3207(94)00021-H
    • (1995) Biol Conserv , vol.71 , pp. 61-67
    • Telleria, J.L.1    Santos, T.2
  • 69
    • 0035213248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural responses to changing landscapes: Flock structure and anti-predator strategies of tits wintering in fragmented forests
    • 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.950207.x
    • JL Telleria E Virgós R Carbonell 2001 Behavioural responses to changing landscapes: flock structure and anti-predator strategies of tits wintering in fragmented forests Oikos 95 253 264 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001. 950207.x
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.95 , pp. 253-264
    • Telleria, J.L.1    Virgós, E.2    Carbonell, R.3
  • 70
    • 0032915533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian communities of mature balsam fir forests in Newfoundland: Age-dependence and implications for timber harvesting
    • 10.2307/1369994
    • ID Thompson HA Hogan WA Montevecchi 1999 Avian communities of mature balsam fir forests in Newfoundland: age-dependence and implications for timber harvesting Condor 101 311 323 10.2307/1369994
    • (1999) Condor , vol.101 , pp. 311-323
    • Thompson, I.D.1    Hogan, H.A.2    Montevecchi, W.A.3
  • 72
    • 34547160795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bird populations in native forest patches in south-eastern Australia: The roles of patch width, matrix type (age) and matrix use
    • doi: 10.1007/s10980-007-9090-x
    • Tubelis DP, Lindenmayer DB, Cowling A (2007) Bird populations in native forest patches in south-eastern Australia: the roles of patch width, matrix type (age) and matrix use. Landsc Ecol. doi: 10.1007/s10980-007-9090-x
    • (2007) Landsc Ecol
    • Tubelis, D.P.1    Lindenmayer, D.B.2    Cowling, A.3
  • 73
    • 17044371984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape-dependent distribution of northern forest birds in winter
    • 2. 10.1111/j.0906-7590.2005.04047.x
    • Y Turcotte A Desrochers 2005 Landscape-dependent distribution of northern forest birds in winter Ecography 28 2 129 140 10.1111/j.0906-7590.2005.04047.x
    • (2005) Ecography , vol.28 , pp. 129-140
    • Turcotte, Y.1    Desrochers, A.2
  • 74
    • 0033851825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shrubsteppe bird response to habitat and landscape variables in Eastern Washington, USA
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99293.x
    • WM Vander Haegen FC Dobler DJ Pierce 2000 Shrubsteppe bird response to habitat and landscape variables in Eastern Washington, USA Conserv Biol 14 1145 1160 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99293.x
    • (2000) Conserv Biol , vol.14 , pp. 1145-1160
    • Vander Haegen, W.M.1    Dobler, F.C.2    Pierce, D.J.3
  • 75
    • 0344246930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation effects on forest birds: Relative influence of woodland cover and configuration on landscape occupancy
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98059.x
    • MA Villard MK Trzcinski G Merriam 1999 Fragmentation effects on forest birds: relative influence of woodland cover and configuration on landscape occupancy Conserv Biol 13 774 783 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98059.x
    • (1999) Conserv Biol , vol.13 , pp. 774-783
    • Villard, M.A.1    Trzcinski, M.K.2    Merriam, G.3
  • 76
    • 1842483410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis: Scaling relations
    • 10.1023/B:LAND.0000021711.40074.ae
    • J Wu 2004 Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis: scaling relations Landsc Ecol 19 125 138 10.1023/B:LAND.0000021711.40074.ae
    • (2004) Landsc Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 125-138
    • Wu, J.1
  • 77
    • 0033990938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration ecology and conservation biology
    • 10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00057-9
    • TP Young 2000 Restoration ecology and conservation biology Biol Conserv 92 73 83 10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00057-9
    • (2000) Biol Conserv , vol.92 , pp. 73-83
    • Young, T.P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.