Diagnostic efficacy and prognostic value of serum procalcitonin concentration in patients with suspected sepsis

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 63-71

  Ruiz Alvarez, M J ^a,c   Garcia Valdecasas S ^a   De Pablo, R ^a   Sanchez Garcia M ^a   Coca, C ^a   Groeneveld, T W ^b   Roos, A ^b   Daha, M R ^b   Arribas, I ^a  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO PRÍNCIPE DE ASTURIAS   (Spain)

^b LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^c NONE   (Spain)

Author keywords

C reactive protein; Complement system; Diagnosis sepsis; Mortality; Procalcitonin; Prognosis

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; COMPLEMENT; PROCALCITONIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; SEPSIS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CALCITONIN; COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN PRECURSORS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEPSIS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 58349110156     PISSN: 08850666     EISSN: 15251489     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0885066608327095     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Carlet J. Rapid diagnostic methods in the detection of sepsis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1999 ; 13: 483-494.
2. Salvo I., de Cian W., Musicco M., et al. The Italian SEPSIS study: preliminary results on the incidence and evolution of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 1995 ; 21: S244 - S249.
3. Parillo JE Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic shock. N Engl J Med. 1993 May 20; 328 (20). 1471-1477.
4. Rangel-Frausto MS, Pittet D., Costigan M., Hwang T., Davis CS, Wenzel RP The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study. JAMA. 1995 ; 273: 117-123.
5. Gabay C., Kushner I. Acutephase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1999 ; 340: 448-454.
6. de Werra I., Jaccard C., Corradin SB, et al. Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 1997 ; 25: 607-613.
7. Moscovitz H., Shofer F., Mignott H., Behrman A., Kilpatrick L. Plasma cytokine determinations in emergency department patients as a predictor of bacteremia and infectious disease severity. Crit Care Med. 1994 ; 22: 1102-1107.
8. Assicot M., Gendrel D., Carsin H., et al. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet. 1993 ; 341: 515-518.
9. Whang KT, Steinwald PM, White JC, et al. Serum calcitonin precursors in sepsis and systemic inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 ; 83: 3296-3301.
10. Gendrel D., Raymond J., Coste J., et al. Comparison of procalcitonin with C reactive protein, interleukin 6 and interferon-alpha for differentiation of bacterial vs. viral infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 ; 18: 875-881.
11. Hatherill M., Tibby SM, Sykes K., Turner C., Murdoch IA Diagnostic markers of infection: comparison of procalcitonin with C reactive protein and leucocyte count. Arch Dis Child. 1999 ; 81: 417-421.
12. Bossink AW, Groeneveld AB, Thijs LG Prediction of microbial infection and mortality in medical patients with fever: plasma procalcitonin, neutrophilic elastase-alpha1-antitrypsin, and lactoferrin compared with clinical variables. Clin Infect Dis. 1999 ; 29: 398-407.
13. Oberhoffer M., Karzai W., Meier-Hellmann A., Bogel D., Fassbinder J., Reinhart K. Sensitivity and specificity of various markers of inflammation for the prediction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with sepsis. Crit Care Med. 1999 ; 27: 1814-1818.
14. Muller B., Becker KL, Schachinger H., et al. Calcitonin precursors are reliable markers of sepsis in a medical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2000 ; 28: 977-983.
15. Ugarte H., Silva E., Mercan D., De Mendonca A., Vincent JL Procalcitonin used as a marker of infection in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 1999 ; 27: 498-504.
16. Ruokonen E., Nousiainen T., Pulkki K., Takala J. Procalcitonin concentrations in patients with neutropenic fever. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 ; 18: 283-285.
17. Vincent JL Procalcitonin: THE marker of sepsis ? Crit Care Med. 2000 ; 28: 1226-1228.
18. Herrmann W., Ecker D., Quast S. Comparison of procalcitonin, sCD14 and interleukin-6 values in septic patients. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2000 ; 38: 41-46.
19. Meisner M., Tchaikowsky K., Palmaers T. Comparison of procalcitonin and CRP plasma concentrations at different SOFA scores during the course of sepsis and MODS. Curr Opin Crit Care. 1999 ; 3: 45-50.
20. Schroder J., Staubach KH, Zabel P., Stuber F., Kremer B. Procalcitonin as a marker of severity in septic shock. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 1999 ; 384: 33-38.
21. Deepak Bhole, Gregory L, Stahl. Therapeutic potential of targeting the complement cascade in critical care medicine. Crit Care Med. 2003 ; 31 (suppl): S97 - S104.
22. Ezekowitz AB, Day LE, Herman GA A human mannose-binding protein is an acute-phase reactant that shares sequence homology with other vertebrate lectins. J Exp Med. 1998 ; 167: 1034-1046.
23. Aittoniemi J., Rintala E., Miettinen A., Soppi E. Serum mannan-binding lectin (MBL) in patients with infection: clinical and laboratory correlates. APMIS. 1997 ; 105: 617-622.
24. Thiel S., Holmskov L., Hviid L., Laursen SB, Jensenius JC The concentration of the C-type lectin, mannan-binding protein in human plasma increases during an acute phase response. Clin Exp Immunol. 1992 ; 90: 31-35.
25. Siassi M., Hohenberger W., Riese J. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) serum levels and post-operative infections. Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 ; 31: 774-775.
26. Hansen TK, Theil S., Wouters PJ, Christiansen JS, Berghe GVD. Intensive insulin therapy exerts antiinflammatory effects in critically ill patients and counteracts the adverse effect of low mannose binding lectin levels. Clin End Metab. 2003 ; 88: 1082-1088.
27. Dean MM, Minchinton RM, Heatley S., Eisen DP Mannose binding lectin acute phase activity in patients with severe infection. J Clin Immunol. 2005 ; 25: 346-352.
28. Berger SP, Roos A., Mallat MJ, Fujita T., de Fijter JW, Daha MR Association between mannose-binding lectin levels and graft survival in kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2005 ; 5: 1361-1366.
29. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med. 1992 ; 20: 864-874.
30. Castelli GP, Pognani C., Cita M., Stuani A., Sgarbi L., Paladini R. Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, white blood cells and SOFA score in ICU: diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis. Minerva Anestesiol. 2006 ; 72: 69-80.
31. Harbarth S., Holeckova K., Froidevaux C., et al. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 ; 164: 396-402.
32. Luzzani A., Polati E., Dorizzi R., Rungatscher A., Pavan R., Merlini A. Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2003 ; 31: 1737-1741.
33. Jaeschke R., Guyatt GH, Sackett DL Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients? The Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 1994 ; 271: 703-707.
34. Clec'h C., Fosse JP, Karoubi P., et al. Differential diagnostic value of procalcitonin in surgical and medical patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2006 ; 34: 102-107.
35. Chan YL, Tseng CP, Tsay PK, et al. Procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial infection in the emergency department: an observational study. Crit Care. 2004 ; 8: R12 - R20.
36. Brunkhorst FM, Al Nawas B., Krummenauer F., et al. Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and APACHE II score for risk evaluation in patients with severe pneumonia. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2002 ; 8: 93-100.
37. Selberg O., Hecker H., Martin M., et al. Discrimination of sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome by determination of circulating plasma concentrations of procalcitonin, protein complement 3a, and interleukin-6. Crit Care Med. 2000 ; 28: 2793-2798.
38. Matson A., Soni N., Sheldon J. C-reactive protein as a diagnostic test of sepsis in the critically ill. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1991 ; 19: 182-186.
39. Suprin E., Camus C., Gacouin A., et al. Procalcitonin: a valuable indicator of infection in a medical ICU ? Intensive Care Med. 2000 ; 26: 1232-1238.
40. Povoa P., Almeida E., Moreira P., et al. C-reactive protein as an indicator of sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 1998 ; 24: 1052-1056.
41. Lobo SM, Lobo FR, Bota DP, et al. C-reactive protein levels correlate with mortality and organ failure in critically ill patients. Chest. 2003 ; 123: 2043-2049.
42. Claeys R., Vinken S., Spapen H., et al. Plasma procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in acute septic shock: clinical and biological correlates. Crit Care Med. 2002 ; 30: 757-762.
43. Jensen JU, Heslet L., Jensen TH, Espersen K., Steffensen P., Tvede M. Procalcitonin increase in early identification of critically ill patients at high risk of mortality. Crit Care Med. 2006 ; 34: 2596-2602.
44. Clec'h C., Ferriere F., Karoubi P., et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of procalcitonin in patients with septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004 ; 32: 1166-1169.
45. Mirete C., Gutierrez F., Masia M., Ramos JM, Hernández I., Soldán B. Usefulness of acute-phase proteins in community-acquired pneumonia. Med Clin (Barc). 2004 ; 122: 245-247.
46. Yentis SM, Soni N., Sheldon J. C-reactive protein as an indicator of resolution of sepsis in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 1995 ; 21: 602-605.
47. Pangault C., Le Tulzo Y., Tattevin P., Guilloux V., Bescher N., Drenou B. Down-modulation of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor on monocytes during human septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2006 ; 34: 1193-1201.
48. Vincent JL, Moreno R., Takala J., et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 1996 ; 22: 707-710.
49. Pettila V., Hynninen M., Takkunen O., Kuusela P., Valtonen M. Predictive value of procalcitonin and interleukin 6 in critically ill patients with suspected sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 2002 ; 28: 1220-1225.
50. Seller-Perez G., Herrera-Gutierrez ME, Lebron-Gallardo M., de Toro-Peinado I., Martín-Hita L., Porras-Ballesteros JA Serum C-reactive protein as a marker of outcome and infection in critical care patients. Med Clin. Barc). 2005 ; 125: 761-765.