Absence of relationship between oblique muscle size and Bielschowsky head tilt phenomenon in clinically diagnosed superior oblique palsy

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 50, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 175-179

  Kono, Reika ^a   Okanobu, Hirotaka ^a   Ohtsuki, Hiroshi ^a   Demer, Joseph L ^b  

^a OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GAZE; HEAD TILTING; HUMAN; IDIOPATHIC DISEASE; IMAGE ANALYSIS; INFERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE; MUSCLE ATROPHY; MUSCLE MASS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PARESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE; SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE PARALYSIS; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASE; VERTICAL STRABISMUS; EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE; HEAD MOVEMENT; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; STRABISMUS; VISUAL SYSTEM EXAMINATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, OPHTHALMOLOGICAL; HEAD MOVEMENTS; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MIDDLE AGED; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STRABISMUS; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES;

EID: 58249094497     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: 15525783     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-2393     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Horton JC, Tsai RK, Truwit CL, Hoyt WF. Magnetic resonance imaging of superior oblique muscle atrophy in acquired trochlear nerve palsy (letter). Am J Ophthalmol. 1990;110:315-316.
2. Demer JL, Miller JM. Magnetic resonance imaging of the functional anatomy of the superior oblique muscle. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:906-913.
3. Ozkan S, Arlbal ME, Sener EC, Sanac AS, Gurcan F. Magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of congenital and acquired superior oblique palsy. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1997;34:29-34.
4. Sato M, Yagasaki T, Kora T, Awaya S. Comparison of muscle volume between congenital and acquired superior oblique palsies by magnetic resonance imaging. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1998;42:466-470.
5. Guyton DL. Exaggerated traction test for the oblique muscles. Ophthalmology. 1981;88:1035-1040.
6. Plager DA. Traction testing in superior oblique palsy. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1990;27:136-140.
7. Plager DA. Tendon laxity in superior oblique palsy. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:1032-1038.
8. Sato M. Magnetic resonance imaging and tendon anomaly associated with congenital superior oblique palsy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;127:379-387.
9. Clark RA, Miller JM, Rosenbaum AL, Demer JL. Heterotopic rectus muscle pulleys or oblique muscle dysfunction? J AAPOS. 1998;2: 17-25.
10. Kono R, Okanobu H, Ohtsuki H, Demer JL. Displacement of the rectus muscle pulleys simulating superior oblique palsy. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2008; 52(1):36-43.
11. Bielschowsky A. Lectures on motor anomalies of the eye. II. Paralysis of individual eye muscles. Arch Ophthalmol. 1935;13:33-59.
12. Kono R, Demer JL. Magnetic resonance imaging of the functional anatomy of the inferior oblique muscle in superior oblique palsy. Ophthalmology. 2003;110:1219-1229.
13. Demer JL, Clark RA. Magnetic resonance imaging of human extraocular muscles during static ocular counter-rolling. J Neurophysiol. 2005;94:3292-3302.
14. Clark RA, Miller JM, Demer JL. Displacement of the medial rectus pulley in superior oblique palsy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998; 39:207-212.
15. Clark RA, Miller JM, Demer JL. Three-dimensional location of human rectus pulleys by path inflections in secondary gaze positions. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:3787-3797.
16. Kono R, Clark RA, Demer JL. Active pulleys: magnetic resonance imaging of rectus muscle paths in tertiary gaze. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:2179-2188.
17. Demer JL, Miller JM. Orbital imaging in strabismus surgery. In: Rosenbaum AL, Santiago AP, ed. Clinical Strabismus Management. Philadelphia: Saunders. 1999:84-98.
18. Hamasaki I, Hasebe S, Ohtsuki H. Static otolith-ocular reflex re-flects superior oblique muscle disorder. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006; 142:849-850.
19. Robinson DA. Bielschowsky head-tilt test-II. Quantitative mechanics of the Bielschowsky head-tilt test. Vision Res. 1985;25:1983-1988.
20. Shan X, Tian J, Ying HS, et al. Acute superior oblique palsy in monkeys: I. Changes in static eye alignment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48:2602-2611.
21. Kushner BJ. Multiple mechanisms of extraocular muscle "overaction". Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:680-688.
22. Guyton DL. Ocular torsion reveals the mechanisms of cyclovertical strabismus: the Weisenfeld lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:847-857.
23. Kommerell G, Klein U. Adaptive changes of the otolith-ocular reflex after injury to the trochlea. Neuroophthalmology. 1986;6: 101-107.
24. Demer JL, Miller MJ, Koo RY, Rosenbaum AL, Bateman JB. True versus masquerading superior oblique palsies: Muscle mechanisms revealed by magnetic resonance imaging. In: Lennerstrand G, ed. Update on Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1995:303-306.
25. Kushner BJ. Errors in the three-step test in the diagnosis of vertical strabismus. Ophthalmology. 1989:96;127-132.
26. Kushner BJ. Ocular torsion: rotations around the "WHY" axis. J AAPOS. 2004;8(1):1-12.