Counter-current separations

Journal of Supercritical Fluids

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 574-582

  Brunner, G ^a  

^a HAMBURG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Continuous separation; Counter current; Design; Supercritical fluids

Indexed keywords

EFFLUENT TREATMENT; FLUIDS; INDUSTRIAL WASTE TREATMENT; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS;

COMPETITIVE PROCESSES; CONTINUOUS SEPARATION; COST CALCULATIONS; COUNTER-CURRENT; CURRENT FLOWS; DESIGN PROCEDURES; EARLY DEVELOPMENTS; GAS CYCLES; STATE OF THE ARTS;

SEPARATION;

EID: 58149343262     PISSN: 08968446     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.09.022     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Peter S., Brunner G., and Riha R. Zur Trennung schwerflüchtiger Stoffe mit Hilfe fluider Phasen. Dechema-Monographien 73 197 (1973)
2. Dickinson N.L., and Meyers J.M. Solexol fractionation of menhaden oil. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 29 (1952) 235-239
3. 2 extraction of olive oil. Mass transfer evaluation. J. Supercrit. Fluids 28 (2004) 29-35
4. Brunner G., Malchow Th., Stürken K., and Gottschau Th. Separation of tocopherols from deodorizer condensates by countercurrent extraction with carbon dioxide. J. Supercrit. Fluids 4 (1991) 72-80
5. Fang T., Goto M., Wang X., Ding X., Geng J., Sasaki M., and Hirose T. Separation of natural tocopherols from soybean oil byproduct with supercritical carbon dioxide. J. Supercrit. Fluids 40 (2007) 50-58
6. Vazquez L., Torres C.F., Fornari T., Senorans F.J., and Reglero G. Recovery of squalene from vegetable oil sources using countercurrent supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. J. Supercrit. Fluids 40 (2007) 59-66
7. Gast K., Jungfer M., Saure C., and Brunner G. Purification of tocochromanols from edible oil. J. Supercrit. Fluids 34 (2005) 17-25
8. Danielski L., Zetzl C., Hense H., and Brunner G. A process line for the production of raffinated rice oil from rice bran. J. Supercrit. Fluids 34 (2005) 133-141
9. King J.W., Sahle-Demessie E., Temelli F., and Teel J.A. Thermal gradient fractionation of glyceride mixtures under supercritical fluid conditions. J. Supercrit. Fluids 10 (1997) 127-137
10. Eller F.J., Taylor S.L., Compton D.L., Laszlo J.A., and Palmquist D.E. Counter-current liquid carbon dioxide purification of a model reaction mixture. J. Supercrit. Fluids 43 (2008) 510-514
11. Fornari T., Vazquez L., Torres C.F., Ibanez E., Senorans F.J., and Reglero G. Countercurrent supercritical fluid extraction of different lipid-type materials: experimental and thermodynamic modeling. J. Supercrit. Fluids 45 (2008) 206-212
12. 2: holdup and RTD experiments. J. Supercrit. Fluids 45 (2008) 238-244
13. Chuang M.-H., and Brunner G. Concentration of minor components in crude palm oil. J. Supercrit. Fluids 37 (2006) 151-156
14. Riha V., and Brunner G. Separation of fish oil ethyl esters with supercritica1 carbon dioxide. J. Supercrit. Fluids 17 (2000) 55-64
15. Perretti G., Motori A., Bravi E., Favati F., Montanari L., and Fantozzi P. Supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation of fish oil fatty acid ethyl esters. J. Supercrit. Fluids 40 (2007) 349-353
16. 2: high separation efficiency using an automated countercurrent column. J. Supercrit. Fluids 14 (1998) 67-74
17. 2 + ethanol mixtures. J. Supercrit. Fluids 19 (2000) 25-37
18. de Haan A.B., de Graauw J., Schaap J.E., and Badings H.T. Extraction of flavors from milk fat with supercritical carbon dioxide. J. Supercrit. Fluids 3 (1990) 15-19
19. 2. J. Supercrit. Fluids 14 (1999) 105-114
20. Diaz S., Espinosa S., and Brignole E.A. Citrus peel oil deterpenation with supercritical fluids. Optimal process and solvent cycle design. J. Supercrit. Fluids 35 (2005) 49-61
21. Gironi F., and Maschietti M. Supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation of lemon oil by means of a batch process with an external reflux. J. Supercrit. Fluids 35 (2005) 227-234
22. Sato M., Kondo M., Goto M., Kodama A., and Hirose T. Fractionation of citrus oil by supercritical countercurrent extractor with side-stream withdrawal. J. Supercrit. Fluids 13 (1998) 311-317
23. Benvenuti F., Gironi F., and Lamberti L. Supercritical deterpenation of lemon essential oil, experimental data and simulation of the semi-continuous extraction process. J. Supercrit. Fluids 20 (2001) 29-44
24. 2 for the fractionation of lemon oil. J. Supercrit. Fluids 23 (2002) 21-27
25. 2. J. Supercrit. Fluids 44 (2008) 315-324
26. Varona S., Martin A., Cocero M.J., and Gamse T. Supercritical carbon dioxide fractionation of Lavandin essential oil: experiments and modeling. J. Supercrit. Fluids 45 (2008) 181-188
27. Reverchon E. Supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation of essential oils and related products. J. Supercrit. Fluids 10 (1997) 1-37
28. Gros H.P., Diaz S., and Brignole E.A. Near-critical separation of aqueous azeotropic mixtures: process synthesis and optimization. J. Supercrit. Fluids 12 (1998) 69-84
29. Budich M., and Brunner G. Supercritical fluid extraction of ethanol from aqueous solutions. J. Supercrit. Fluids 25 (2003) 45-55
30. 2 extraction for utilisation of excess wine of poor quality. J. Supercrit. Fluids 14 (1999) 123-128
31. Senorans F.J., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., Ibânez E., Tabera J., and Reglero G. Isolation of brandy aroma by countercurrent supercritical fluid extraction. J. Supercrit. Fluids 26 (2003) 129-135
32. Senorans F.J., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., Ibanez E., Tabera J., and Reglero G. Optimization of countercurrent supercritical fluid extraction conditions for spirits fractionation. J. Supercrit. Fluids 21 (2001) 41-49
33. Crause J.C., and Nieuwoudt I. Paraffin wax fractionation: state of the art vs. supercritical fluid fractionation. J. Supercrit. Fluids 27 (2003) 39-54
34. Nieuwoudt I., Crause C., and du Rand M. Oligomer fractionation with supercritical fluids. J. Supercrit. Fluids 24 (2002) 47-55
35. 2. In: Bottini S., and Pereda S. (Eds). Proceedings I Iberoamerican Conference on Supercritical Fluids, PRO-SCIBA 2007, Iguassu Falls, April 10-13 (2007)
36. 2 with ethanol as co-solvent. J. Supercrit. Fluids 41 (2007) 61-67
37. Bezold A., and Brunner G. Purification of isocyanates by supercritical fluid fractionation using carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide-propane mixtures. International Society for the Advancement of Supercritical Fluids (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 7th Italian Conference on Supercritical Fluids and Their Applications. Triest (2004)
38. Zhuze T.P. Petroleum 23 (1960) 298
39. Ellis S.R.M. Vapour phase extraction processes. Brit. Chem. Eng. 16 (1971) 358-361
40. K. Zosel, Verfahren zur Trennung von Stoffgemischen, die organische Verbindungen und/oder organische Gruppen aufweisende Verbindungen enthalten, Patentschrift Nr. 41362, DDR, September 15, 1965.
41. Peter S., Brunner G., and Riha R. Phasengleichgewichte bei hohen Drücken und Möglichkeiten ihrer technischen Anwendung. Chem.-Ing.-Technol. 46 (1974) 623
42. Brunner G. Gas extraction. An Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes (1994), Steinkopff/Springer, Darmstadt/New York ISBN 3-7985-0944-1; ISBN 0-387-91477-3
43. Also:. Brunner G. Industrial process development. Countercurrent multistage gas extraction (SFE) processes. J. Supercrit. Fluids 13 (1998) 283-301
44. M. Jungfer, Gegenstromtrennung von schwerflüchtigen Naturstoffen mit überkritischen komprimierten Gasen unter Verwendung von Schleppmitteln, Dissertation, Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Hamburg, 2000.
45. D. Schaffner, Stoff- und Phasentrennmodul für die Extraktion mit "Supercritical Fluids", Dissertation, ETH Zürich, No. 10358, Zürich, 1993.
46. W. Pietzonka, Mehrstufige Gegenstromapparatur nach dem Mixer-Settler-Prinzip für die Extraktion mit überkritischen Fluiden, Dissertation, ETH Zürich, No. 12243, Zürich, 1997.
47. Pfohl O., Petkov S., and Brunner G. PE 2000: A Powerful Tool to Correlate Phase Equilibria (2000), Herbert Utz Verlag, München. 3-89675-751-2
48. Also:. Pfohl O., Petkov S., and Brunner G. PE-a scientific computer program for the calculation of fluid-phase-equilibria. In: Keil F., Mackens W., Voß H., and Werther J. (Eds). Scientific Computing in Chemical Engineering. II. Computational Fluid Dynamics, Reaction Engineering, and Molecular Properties (1999), Springer, Berlin. 3-540-65848-3 279-287
49. 2 in a countercurrent packed column. J. Supercrit. Fluids 39 (2007) 304-314
50. Fernandes J., Ruivo R., Mota J.P.B., and Simôes P. Non-isothermal dynamic model of a supercritical fluid extraction packed column. J. Supercrit. Fluids 41 (2007) 20-30
51. Ruivo R., Paiva A., Mota J.P.B., and Simôes P. Dynamic model of a countercurrent packed column operating at high pressure conditions. J. Supercrit. Fluids 32 (2004) 183-192
52. Wallis G.B. One-dimensional Two-phase Flow (1969), McGraw-Hill, New York
53. Stockfleth R., and Brunner G. Hydrodynamics of a packed countercurrent column for the gas extraction. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 38 (1999) 4000-4006
54. Stockfleth R., and Brunner G. Holdup, pressure drop, and flooding in packed countercurrent columns for the gas extraction. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 40 (2001) 347-356
55. Stockfleth R., and Brunner G. Film thickness, flow regimes, and flooding in countercurrent annular flow of a falling film at high pressures. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 40 (2001) 6014-6020
56. Funazukuri T., Kong Ch., and Kagei S. Effective axial dispersion coefficients in packed beds under supercritical conditions. J. Supercrit. Fluids 13 (1998) 169-175
57. Pietsch A., and Eggers R. The mixer-settler principle as a separation unit in supercritical fluid processes. Proceedings of the Fourth Italian Conference on Supercritical Fluids and their Application. Capri, Italy (1997) 97-104
58. Pietzonka W., and Trepp Ch. Multistage high pressure mixer-settler system. In: von Rohr Ph.R., and Trepp Ch. (Eds). High Pressure Chemical Engineering (1996), Elsevier 609-614
59. 2 with isobaric applications. In: Perrut M., and Brunner G. (Eds). Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids. Strasbourg (1994) 41-46 ISBN 2-905267-23-8, Bd. 2, S
60. 2. Sep. Sci. Technol. 30 17 (1995) 3265-3286
61. Smith Jr. R.L., Inomata H., Kanno M., and Arai K. Energy analysis of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction processes. J. Supercrit. Fluids 15 (1999) 145-156
62. de Swaan Aarons J. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids. Japan, May 11-15 (1997)
63. Fleck U., Brunner G., and Karge R. Purification of synthetic crude tocopherol acetate by means of supercritical fluid extraction. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids. Atlanta (April 2000)
64. Sartorelli L., and Brunner G. Separation of extracts from supercritical carbon dioxide by means of membranes. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids. Atlanta (April 2000)
65. Sartorelli L., and Brunner G. Separation of extracts from supercritical carbon dioxide by means of membranes. State of the Art Book on Supercritical Fluids (2004), Ainia, Centro Tecnológico Valencia, Valencia pp. 119-128, ISBN 84-87345-68-69
66. 2-solute mixtures by means of polymeric membranes. Proceedings of the 3rd International Meeting on High Pressure Chemical Engineering. Erlangen, Germany (May 2006) 10-12
67. 2 by means of polymeric membranes. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on High Pressure Process Technology and Chemical Engineering. Segovia, Spain, June 24-27 (2007)
68. Fukuzato R., Ikawa N., and Nagase Y. Development of new processes for purification and concentration of ethanol solution using supercritical carbon dioxide. In: Shallcross D.C., Paimin R., and Prvcic L.M. (Eds). Value Adding Through Solvent Extraction vol. 2 (1996), The University of Melbourne, Australia 1011-1016