Amoxicillin for postexposure inhalational anthrax in pediatrics: Rationale for dosing recommendations

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Volumn 27, Issue 11, 2008, Pages 955-957

  Alexander, John J ^a   Colangelo, Philip M ^a   Cooper, Charles K ^a   Roberts, Rosemary ^a   Rodriguez, William J ^a   Murphy, Mary D ^a  

^a CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Amoxicillin; Anthrax; Postexposure prophylaxis

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; URIC ACID;

AGRANULOCYTOSIS; ANTHRAX; AUTISM; BACILLUS ANTHRACIS; CITRIC ACID CYCLE; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG SAFETY; DYSPLASIA; DYSPNEA; HEPATITIS; HUMAN; INHALATION; METAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; NONHUMAN; OTITIS MEDIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RASH; RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; SERUM SICKNESS; SIDE EFFECT; TOOTH DISCOLORATION; URIC ACID BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; CHILD; DRUG EFFECT; EXPOSURE; INFANT; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; NEWBORN; PRESCHOOL CHILD;

AMOXICILLIN; ANTHRAX; BACILLUS ANTHRACIS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS;

EID: 58149161769     PISSN: 08913668     EISSN: 15320987     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31817bf9a9     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. CDC. Update: Interim recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis for children and breastfeeding mothers and treatment of children with anthrax. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001;50:1014-1016.
2. Friedlander AM, Welkos SL, Pitt ML, et al. Postexposure prophylaxis against experimental inhalation anthrax. J Infect Dis. 1993;167:1239-1243.
3. Inglesby TV, O'Toole T, Henderson DA, et al. Anthrax as a biological weapon, 2002: updated recommendations for management. JAMA. 2002;287:2236-2252.
4. Craig WA. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters: rationale for antibacterial dosing of mice and men. Clin InfectDis.1998;26:1-12.
5. Turnidge JD. Pharmacodynamics of β-lactams. Clin Infect Dis. 1998; 27:10-22.
6. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Safety of long term therapy with penicillin and penicillin derivatives, December 6, 2001, Charles Cooper, MD. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drugprepare/penlongsafety.htm.
7. Berman S, Nuss R, Roark R, Huber-Navin C, Grose K, Herrera M. Effectiveness of continuous vs. intermittent amoxicillin to prevent episodes of otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992;11:63-67.
8. Brook I, Gober AE. Prophylaxis with amoxicillin or sulfisoxazole for otitis media: effect on the recovery of penicillin-resistant bacteria from children. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;22:143-145.
9. Casselbrant ML, Kaleida P, Rockette H, et al. Efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis and of tympanostomy tube insertion for prevention of recurrent otitis media: results of a randomized clinical trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992;11:278-286.
10. De Diego JI, Prim MP, Alfonso C, Sastre N, Rabanal I, Gavilan J. Comparison of amoxicillin and azithromycin in the prevention of recurrent otitis media. Int JPed Otorhinolaryng. 2001;58:47-51.
11. Marchisio P, Principi N, Sala E, Lanzoni L, Sorella S, Massimini A. Comparative study of once-weekly azithromycin and once-daily amoxi-cillin treatments in prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children. Antimicrob Agents Chemo. 1996;40:2732-2736.
12. Mandel EM, Casselbrant M, Rockette H. Efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis for recurrent middle ear effusion. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996;15:1074-1082.
13. Principi N, Marchisio P, Massironi E, Grasso RM, Filiberti G. Prophylaxis of recurrent acute otitis media and middle ear effusion. Comparison of amoxicillin with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Am JDis Child. 1989;143:1414-1418.
14. Roark R, Berman S. Continuous twice daily or once daily amoxicillin prophylaxis compared with placebo for children with recurrent acute otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997;16:376-381.
15. Teele DW, Klein O, Word BM, et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for infants at risk for recurrent acute otitis media. Vaccine. 2001;19:S140-S143.
16. Bassily SB, Kilpatrick ME, Farid Z, Mikhail IA, El-Masry NA. Chronic salmonella bacteriuria with intermittent bacteremia treated with low doses of amoxicillin or ampicillin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981; 20:630-633.
17. Bassily SB, Kilpatrick ME, Farid Z, Mikhail IA, El-Masry NA. Treatment of chronic enteric fever with amoxicillin. J Infect Dis. 1975;132:698-701.
18. Nolan CM, White PC Jr. Treatment of typhoid carriers with amoxicillin. Correlates of successful therapy. JAMA. 1978;239:2352-2354.
19. Oski J, Nikoskelainen J, Viljanen MK. Comparison of oral cefixime and intravenous cetriaxone followed by oral amoxicillin in disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1998;17:715-719.
20. Ginsburg CM, McCracken GH Jr, Thomas ML, Clahsen J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and ampicillin in infants and children. Pediatrics. 1979;64:627-631.
21. NDA 50-725/50-726. Augmentin oral suspension/chewable tablets. Submission: May 31, 1995.
22. Kelly DJ, Chulay JD, Mikesell P, Friedlander AM. Serum concentrations of penicillin, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin during prolonged therapy in Rhesus monkeys. J Infect Dis. 1992;166:1184-1187.
23. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Commentary on non-labeled dosing of oral amoxicillin in adults and pediatrics for post-exposure inhalational anthrax. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drugprepare/amox-anthrax.htm.
24. NDA 50-720. Augmentin oral tablets. Submission: October 21, 1994.
25. Hampel B, Lode H, Bruckner G, Koeppe P. Comparative pharmacoki-netics of sulbactam/ampicillin and clavulanic acid/amoxicillin in human volunteers. Drugs. 1988;35:29-33.
26. NDA 50-754. Amoxicillin oral tablets. Submission: July 11, 1997.
27. Oliveira CH, Abib E, Vannuchi YB, et al. Comparative bioavailability of 4 amoxicillin formulations in healthy volunteers after single dose administration. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001;39:167-172.