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3
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33747326274
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Xu, H.-J.; Liu, Y.-C.; Fu, Y.; Wu, Y.-D. Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3449.
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Org. Lett
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Xu, H.-J.1
Liu, Y.-C.2
Fu, Y.3
Wu, Y.-D.4
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4
-
-
27644465867
-
-
Catalysts/ionic liquids which incorporate N-alkylpyridinium ions for which no specific catalytic role has been identified for the pyridinium ring other than as a polar/or electron-deficient group have been reported; for representative recent examples, see: (a) Maki, T.; Ishihara, K.; Yamamoto, H. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 5043.
-
Catalysts/ionic liquids which incorporate N-alkylpyridinium ions for which no specific catalytic role has been identified for the pyridinium ring other than as a polar/or electron-deficient group have been reported; for representative recent examples, see: (a) Maki, T.; Ishihara, K.; Yamamoto, H. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 5043.
-
-
-
-
5
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33751228691
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-
(b) Rix, D.; Clavier, H.; Coutard, Y.; Gulajski, L.; Grela, K.; Mauduit, M. J. Organomet. Chem. 2006, 691, 5397.
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(2006)
J. Organomet. Chem
, vol.691
, pp. 5397
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Rix, D.1
Clavier, H.2
Coutard, Y.3
Gulajski, L.4
Grela, K.5
Mauduit, M.6
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6
-
-
33845948239
-
-
(c) Ni, B.; Zhang, Q.; Headley, A. D. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 9857.
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(2006)
J. Org. Chem
, vol.71
, pp. 9857
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-
Ni, B.1
Zhang, Q.2
Headley, A.D.3
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7
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-
38549121798
-
-
(d) Zhang, L.; Luo, S.; Mi, X.; Liu, S.; Qiao, Y.; Xu, H.; Cheng, J. -P. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6, 567.
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Org. Biomol. Chem
, vol.6
, pp. 567
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Zhang, L.1
Luo, S.2
Mi, X.3
Liu, S.4
Qiao, Y.5
Xu, H.6
Cheng, J.-P.7
-
8
-
-
38349049059
-
-
(e) Ni, B.; Zhang, Q.; Headley, A. D. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2008, 49, 1249.
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(2008)
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry
, vol.49
, pp. 1249
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Ni, B.1
Zhang, Q.2
Headley, A.D.3
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9
-
-
49149101685
-
-
Kull, T.; Peters, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 5461.
-
(f) Kull, T.; Peters, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 5461.
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
73949157252
-
-
For examples, see: a
-
For examples, see: (a) Elstner, E. F.; Fischer, H. P.; Osswald, W.; Kwiatkowski, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1980, 35C, 770.
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(1980)
Naturforsch
, vol.35 C
, Issue.770
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-
Elstner, E.F.1
Fischer, H.P.2
Osswald, W.3
Kwiatkowski, G.Z.4
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13
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-
38949186008
-
-
Pyridinium ionic liquid solvents have also recently been shown to facilitate photoinduced electron-transfer processes: Vieira, R. C, Falvey, D. E J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 1552
-
Pyridinium ionic liquid solvents have also recently been shown to facilitate photoinduced electron-transfer processes: Vieira, R. C.; Falvey, D. E J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 1552.
-
-
-
-
14
-
-
0034609535
-
-
Yun, M.; Park, C.-G.; Kim, J.-Y.; Park. H.-W. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 10702.
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(2000)
Biochemistry
, vol.39
, pp. 10702
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Yun, M.1
Park, C.-G.2
Kim, J.-Y.3
Park, H.-W.4
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15
-
-
60949085043
-
-
It should be noted that this is not compatible with the more usual stablization of the oxyanion by hydrogen bonding in the oxyanion hole postulated as being key in several serine/cysteine proteases
-
It should be noted that this is not compatible with the more usual stablization of the oxyanion by hydrogen bonding in the "oxyanion hole" postulated as being key in several serine/cysteine proteases.
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
39649096743
-
-
The Kamlet, Taft parameters for several ionic liquids containing a pyridinium cation have recently been determined; see: Lee, J.-M, Ruckes, S, Prausnitz, J. M. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 1473-1476
-
The Kamlet - Taft parameters for several ionic liquids containing a pyridinium cation have recently been determined; see: Lee, J.-M.; Ruckes, S.; Prausnitz, J. M. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 1473-1476.
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
60949096757
-
-
A catalysis mode involving hydrogen bonding mediated by the primary amide moiety was considered unlikely in methanolic solvent
-
A catalysis mode involving hydrogen bonding mediated by the primary amide moiety was considered unlikely in methanolic solvent.
-
-
-
-
19
-
-
60949104240
-
-
(b) Kano, K.; Zhou, B.; Hashimoto, S. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1988, 61, 1633.
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(1988)
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn
, vol.61
, pp. 1633
-
-
Kano, K.1
Zhou, B.2
Hashimoto, S.3
-
20
-
-
60949105130
-
-
After proton transfer from oxygen to nitrogen
-
After proton transfer from oxygen to nitrogen.
-
-
-
-
22
-
-
34447646173
-
-
(b) Abraham, W.; Buck, K.; Orda-Zgadzaj, M.; Schmidt-Schäffer, S.; Grummt. U.-W. Chem. Commun. 2007, 3094.
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(2007)
Chem. Commun
, pp. 3094
-
-
Abraham, W.1
Buck, K.2
Orda-Zgadzaj, M.3
Schmidt-Schäffer, S.4
Grummt, U.-W.5
-
23
-
-
34547663846
-
-
Lu, Y.; Endicott, D.; Kuester, W. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48, 6356.
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(2007)
Tetrahedron Lett
, vol.48
, pp. 6356
-
-
Lu, Y.1
Endicott, D.2
Kuester, W.3
-
24
-
-
60949085833
-
-
Under alkaline conditions, it is known that N-alkylpyridinium ions derived from nicotinamide underwent addition of hydroxide at C-4: Dittmer, D. C.; Koyler, J. M. J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 2228.
-
Under alkaline conditions, it is known that N-alkylpyridinium ions derived from nicotinamide underwent addition of hydroxide at C-4: Dittmer, D. C.; Koyler, J. M. J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 2228.
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
0021513937
-
under basic conditions, thiolates and enolates have been shown to reversibly add to pyridinium ions. For a review and a recent (noncatalytic) application of this reaction class, respectively, see: (a) Kellogg, R. M
-
Similarly, under basic conditions, thiolates and enolates have been shown to reversibly add to pyridinium ions. For a review and a recent (noncatalytic) application of this reaction class, respectively, see: (a) Kellogg, R. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1984, 23, 782.
-
(1984)
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed
, vol.23
, pp. 782
-
-
Similarly1
-
26
-
-
27844591232
-
-
(b) Leleu, S.; Penhoat, M.; Bouet, A.; Dupas, G.; Papamicaël, C.; Marsais, F.; Levacher, V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 15668.
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(2005)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
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, pp. 15668
-
-
Leleu, S.1
Penhoat, M.2
Bouet, A.3
Dupas, G.4
Papamicaël, C.5
Marsais, F.6
Levacher, V.7
-
27
-
-
60949091378
-
-
Significant decomposition of the nitrile 16 was observed.
-
Significant decomposition of the nitrile 16 was observed.
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
54949132575
-
-
Jover, J.; Bosque, R.; Sales, J. QSAR Comb. Sci. 2008, 27, 563.
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(2008)
QSAR Comb. Sci
, vol.27
, pp. 563
-
-
Jover, J.1
Bosque, R.2
Sales, J.3
-
29
-
-
60949108303
-
-
a would suggest (0.1 mol %, 89% yield).
-
a would suggest (0.1 mol %, 89% yield).
-
-
-
-
30
-
-
60949092284
-
-
In the corresponding control reactions in the absence of 22 conversion had not reached 5% after this reaction time in the reactions involving 27 and 28
-
In the corresponding control reactions in the absence of 22 conversion had not reached 5% after this reaction time in the reactions involving 27 and 28.
-
-
-
-
31
-
-
60949114421
-
-
While no new species were observed in the 1H NMR spectrum of 22 when recorded in CD3OD (as opposed to CDCl3, its UV spectrum (9.8 × 10-5 M) is significantly different in MeOH than that recorded in H2O and in a 9/1 H2O/MeOH mixture. Strong absorption bands not observed in the aqueous spectra are present with maxima at 250, 269, and 352 nm. See the Supporting Information for details and spectra
-
2O/MeOH mixture. Strong absorption bands not observed in the aqueous spectra are present with maxima at 250, 269, and 352 nm. See the Supporting Information for details and spectra.
-
-
-
-
32
-
-
0021513937
-
-
+ at C-4 before attacking the aldehyde substrate to form the hemithioacetal. While this idea has not gained widespread currency, it has begun to be re-examined recently. For representative references see: (a) Kellogg, R. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1984, 23, 782.
-
+ at C-4 before attacking the aldehyde substrate to form the hemithioacetal. While this idea has not gained widespread currency, it has begun to be re-examined recently. For representative references see: (a) Kellogg, R. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1984, 23, 782.
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