Comparison of the MMPI-2 restructured demoralization scale, depression scale, and malingered mood disorder scale in identifying non-credible symptom reporting in personal injury litigants and disability claimants

Clinical Neuropsychologist

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 153-166

  Henry, George K ^a,e   Heilbronner, Robert L ^b   Mittenberg, Wiley ^c   Enders, Craig ^d   Domboski, Kristen ^c  

^a Los Angeles Neuropsychology Group   (United States)

^b Medical and Forensic Neuropsychology   (United States)

^c NOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Los Angeles Neuropsychology Group   (United States)

Author keywords

Demoralization scale; Depression scale; Malingered mood disorder scale; Restructured clinical scales

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMORALIZATION SCALE; DEPRESSION SCALE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DISABILITY; HUMAN; ILLNESS BEHAVIOR; INJURY; LAW SUIT; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALINGERED MOOD DISORDER SCALE; MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; RESPONSE VARIABLE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SYMPTOM;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; DISABILITY EVALUATION; DISABLED PERSONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; JURISPRUDENCE; MALE; MALINGERING; MIDDLE AGED; MMPI; MOOD DISORDERS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 58149122817     PISSN: 13854046     EISSN: 17444144     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13854040801969524     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Allen, L. M., Conder, R. L., Green, P., & Cox, D. R. (1997). CARB'97. Manual for the Computerized Assessment of Response Bias. Durham, NC: Cognisyst: Inc.
2. APA. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
3. Bagby, R. M., Nicholson, R. A., Buis, T., & Bacchiochi, J. R. (2000). Can the MMPI-2 validity scales detect depression feigned by experts? Assessment, 7, 55-62.
4. Bagby, R. M., Rogers, R., Buis, T., Nicholson, R. A., Cameron, S. L., Rector, N. A., et al. (1997). Detecting feigned depression and schizophrenia on the MMPI-2. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68, 650-664.
5. Bianchini, K. J., Greve, K. W., & Glynn, G. (2005). On the diagnosis of malingered pain-related disability: Lessons from cognitive malingering research. The Spine Journal, 5, 404-417.
6. Boccaccini, M. T., & Brodsky, S. L. (1999). Diagnostic test usage by forensic psychologists in emotional injury cases. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30, 253-259.
7. Bury, A. S., & Bagby, R. M. (2002). The detection of feigned uncoached and coached posttraumatic stress disorder with the MMPI-2 in a sample of workplace accident victims. Psychological Assessment, 14, 472-484.
8. Bush, S. S., Ruff, R. M., Troster, A. I., Barth, J. T., Koffler, S. P., Pliskin, N. P., et al. (2005). Symptom validity assessment: Practice issues and medical necessity. NAN Policy and Planning Committee. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 20, 419-426.
9. Butcher, J. N., Arbisi, P. A., Atlis, M. M., & McNulty, J. C. (2003). The construct validity of the Lees-Haley Fake Bad Scale: Does this scale measure somatic malingering and feigned emotional distress? Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18, 473-485.
10. Caldwell, A. B. (2006). Maximal measurement or meaningful measurement: The interpretive challenges of the MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87, 193-201.
11. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
12. Frueh, B. C., Gold, P. B., & de Arellano, M. A. (1997). Symptom over-reporting in combat veterans evaluated for PTSD: Differentiation on the basis of compensation seeking status. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68, 369-386.
13. Green, P., Allen, L., & Astner, K. (1996). The Word Memory Test. Durham, NC: Cognisyst.
14. Greiffenstein, M. F., Baker, J. W., Axelrod, B., Peck, E. A., & Gervais, R. (2004). The Fake Bad Scale and MMPI-2 F-Family in detection of implausible psychological trauma claims. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 18, 573-590.
15. Greiffenstein, M. F., Fox, D., & Lees-Haley, P. R. (2007). The MMPI-2 Fake Bad Scale in detection of non-credible brain injury. In K. Boone (Ed.), Detection of non-credible cognitive performance. New York: Guilford Press.
16. Griffin, G. A. E., Normington, J., May, R., & Glassmire, D. (1996). Assessing dissimulation among social security disability income applicants. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1425-1430.
17. Harris, R., & Lingoes, J. (1955). Subscales for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory [mimeographed materials]. San Francisco: The Langley Porter Clinic.
18. Henry, G. K., Heilbronner, R. L., Mittenberg, W., & Enders, C. (2006). The Henry-Heilbronner Index: A 15-item empirically derived MMPI-2 subscale for identifying probable malingering in personal injury litigants and disability claimants. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 20, 786-797.
19. Henry, G. K., Heilbronner, R. L., Mittenberg, W., Enders, C., & Roberts, D. C. (2008). Empirical derivation of a new MMPI-2 scale for identifying probable malingering in personal injury litigants and disability claimants: The 15-item Malingered Mood Disorder Scale (MMDS). The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 22, 158-168.
20. Henry, G. K., Heilbronner, R. L., Mittenberg, W., Enders, C., & Stanczak, S. R. (in press). Comparison of the Less-Haley Fake Bad Scale, Henry-Heilbronner Index, and Restructured Clinical Scale 1 in identifying non-credible symptom reporting in personal injury and disability claimants. The Clinical Neuropsychologist.
21. Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S., Nelson, C. B., Hughes, M., & Eshleman, S. (1994). Life-time and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III R psychiatric disorder in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8-19.
22. Larrabee, G. (2003a). Exaggerated MMPI-2 symptom report in personal injury litigants with malingered neurocognitive deficit. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18, 673-686.
23. Larrabee, G. (2003b). Detection of symptom exaggeration with the MMPI-2 in litigants with malingered neurocognitive dysfunction. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 17, 54-68.
24. Larrabee, G. (2005). Forensic neuropsychology. New York: Oxford University Press.
25. Mittenberg, W., DiGiulio, D. V., Perrin, S., & Bass, A. E. (1992). Symptoms following mild head injury: Expectation as aetiology. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 55, 200-204.
26. Mittenberg, W., Patton, C., Canyock, E. M., & Condit, D. (2002). Base rates of malingering and symptom exaggeration. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 24, 1094-1102.
27. Nelson, N. W., Sweet, J. J., & Demakis, G. (2006). Meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 Fake Bad Scale: Utility in forensic practice. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 20, 39-58.
28. Neter, J., Kutner, M. J., Nachtscheim, C. J., & Wasserman, W. (1996). Applied linear statistical models (4th ed.) Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
29. Rissmiller, D. A., Steer, R. A., Friedman, M., & DeMecurio, R. (1999). Prevalence of malingering in suicidal psychiatric inpatients: A replication. Psychological Reports, 84, 726-730.
30. Rogers, R. (1997). Researching dissimulation. In R. Rogers (Ed.), Clinical assessment malingering and deception (2nd ed., pp. 398-426). New York: The Guilford Press.
31. Rogers, R., Sewell, K. W., Harrison, K. S., & Jordan, M. J. (2006). The MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales: A paradigm shift in scale development. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87, 139-147.
32. Rogers, R., Sewell, K. W., & Salekin, R. T. (1994). A meta-analysis of malingering on the MMPI-2. Assessment, 1, 227-237.
33. Rogers, R., Sewell, K. W., Martin, M. A., & Vitacco, M. J. (2003). Detection of feigned mental disorders: A meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 and malingering. Assessment, 10, 168-177.
34. Sellbom, M., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Graham, J. R., Arbisi, P. A., & Bagby, R. M. (2005). Susceptibility of the MMPI-2 clinical, restructured clinical (RC), and content scales to over-reporting and underreporting. Assessment, 12, 79-85.
35. Sellbom, M., McNulty, J., Arbisi, P. A., & Graham, J. R. (2006). Elevation differences between MMPI-2 clinical and restructured clinical (RC) scales. Assessment, 13, 430-441.
36. Simms, L. J., Casillas, A., Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Doebbeling, B. N. (2005). Psychometric evaluation of the restructured clinical scales of the MMPI-2. Psychological Assessment, 17, 345-358.
37. Slick, D., Hopp, G., Strauss, E., & Thompson, G. B. (1997). Victoria Symptom Validity Test version 1.0 professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
38. Slick, D. J., Sherman, E. M. S., & Iverson, G. L. (1999). Diagnostic criteria for malingered neurocognitive dysfunction: Proposed standards for clinical practice and research. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 13, 545-561.
39. Steffan, J. S., Clopton, J. R., & Morgan, R. D. (2003). An MMPI-2 scale to detect malingered depression (Md). Assessment, 10, 382-392.
40. Sweet, J. J., Ecklund-Johnson, E., & Malina, A. (2006). Application of the new MMPI-2 Malingered Depression Scale to individuals undergoing neuropsychological evaluation: Relative lack of relationship to secondary gain and failure on validity indices. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 20, 541-551.
41. Tellegen, A., Ben-Porath, Y. S., McNulty, J. C., Arbisi, P. A., Graham, R., & Kaemer, B. (2003). MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales: Development, validation, and interpretation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
42. Tombaugh, T. (1996). Test of Memory Malingering. North Tonawanda, New York: Multi-Health Systems: Inc.
43. Wallace, A., & Liljequist, L. (2005). A comparison of the correlational structures and elevation patterns of the MMPI-2 restructured clinical (RC) and clinical scales. Assessment, 12, 290-294.
44. Walters, G. L., & Clopton, J. R. (2000). Effect of symptom information and validity scale information on the malingering of depression on the MMPI-2. Journal of Personality Assessment, 75, 183-199.