Untangling the debate: The ethics of human enhancement

NanoEthics

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 251-264

  Lin, Patrick ^a,b   Allhoff, Fritz ^c,d  

^a CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Dartmouth College   (United States)

^c WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Autonomy; Dignity; Disruption; Equity; Ethics; Fairness; Freedom; Health; Human enhancement; Nanotechnology; Safety; Society

Indexed keywords

EID: 58049196714     PISSN: 18714757     EISSN: 18714765     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11569-008-0046-7     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Allhoff F (2005) Germ-line genetic enhancement and Rawlsian primary goods. Kennedy Inst Ethics J 15(1):39-56 doi: 10.1353/ken.2005.0007
2. Allhoff F, Lin P, Moor J, Weckert J (2007) Nanoethics: The social and ethical dimensions of nanotechnology. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ
3. Allhoff F, Lin P, Moore D (forthcoming) Nanotechnology: What it is and why it matters. Malden, MA. Blackwell Publishing
4. Allhoff F, Lin P (2008) Nanotechnology & society: Current and emerging issues. Springer, Dordrecht
5. American Association for the Advancement of Science (2006) Good, better, best: The human quest for enhancement. AAAS, Washington, DC
6. Bailey R (2005) Liberation biology: The scientific and moral case for the biotech revolution. Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY
7. Bostrom N, Roache R (2008) "Ethical issues in human enhancement". In: Ryberg J, Petersen TS, Wolf C (eds) New waves in applied ethics. Palgrave Macmillan, New York
8. Daniels N (2000) Normal Functioning and the Treatment-Enhancement Distinction. Camb Q Healthc Ethics 9:309-322 doi: 10.1017/ S0963180100903037
9. de Balzac H (1835) Père Goriot (Signet Classics edition, 2004), trans. Henry Reed. New York, Signet Classics
10. de Grey A (2007) Ending aging: The rejuvenation breakthroughs that could reverse human aging in our lifetime. St. Martin's Press, New York
11. Dennis C (2004) Genetics: Deaf by design. Nature 431:894-896 doi: 10.1038/431894a
12. Dyer C (2000) Surgeon amputated healthy legs. BMJ 320:332 doi: 10.1136/ bmj.320.7231.332
13. Edwards SD (2008a) Should Oscar Pistorius be excluded from the 2008 olympic games? Sports Ethics Philos 2:112-125 doi: 10.1080/ 17511320802221802
14. Edwards SD (2008b) The Ashley treatment: A step too far, or not far enough? J Med Ethics 34:341-343 doi: 10.1136/jme.2007.020743
15. Freitas RA Jr (1998) Exploratory design in medical nanotechnology: A mechanical artificial red cell. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol 26:411-430
16. Friends of the Earth (2006) The disruptive social impacts of nanotechnology: Issue summary. last accHss on 1 August 2008: http://nano.foe.org.au/node/151
17. Fukuyama F (2002) Our posthuman future: Consequences of the biotechnology revolution. Picador, New York
18. Fukuyama F (2006) Beyond bioethics: A proposal for modernizing the regulation of human biotechnologies. School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington DC
19. Greely H (2006) 2005. "Regulating human biological enhancements: questionable justifications and international complications", The Mind, The Body, And The Law: University Of Technology, Sydney, Law Review 7: 87-110 (2005). Santa Clara J Int Law 4:87-110. joint issue
20. Guston D, Parsi J, Tosi J, (2007) "Anticipating the ethical and political challenges of human nanotechnologies" in Allhoff et al., 2007
21. Harris J (2007) Enhancing evolution: The ethical case for making ethical people. Princeton University Press, Princeton
22. Hick J (1966) Evil and the God of love. Harper and Row, New York
23. Hill SE (2006) Dissatisfied by design: The evolution of discontent (dissertation). University of Texas, Austin
24. Hobbes T (1651) Leviathan (penguin classics edition, 1982). Penguin Group, New York
25. Hughes J (2004) Citizen cyborg: Why democratic societies must respond to the redesigned human of the future. Westview, Cambridge, MA
26. Hurlbut W (2006) Opening remarks at "human enhancement technologies and human rights" conference, Stanford University Law School, 26-28 May 2006
27. Juengst E (1997) Can enhancement be distinguished from prevention in genetic medicine? J Med Philos 22:125-142
28. Kurzweil R (2005) The singularity is near: When humans transcend biology. Viking Penguin, New York
29. Lin P (2006) Space ethics: Look before taking another leap for mankind. Astropolitics 4:281-294
30. Lin P, Allhoff F (2007) "Nanoscience and Nanoethics: Defining the Discipline" in Allhoff et al. 2007
31. Lin P (2007b) "Nanotechnology bound: Evaluating the case for more regulation". NanoEthics 2:105-122
32. Lin P, Allhoff F (2008) "Introduction: Nanotechnology, society, and ethics" in Allhoff et al., 2008.
33. McKibben B (2004) Enough: Staying human in an engineered age. Henry Holt & Co, New York
34. Mielke J (2008) "Digital tattoo interface" entry at Greener Gadgets Design Competition 2008, New York, NY, February 2008. Last accessed on 1 August 2008: http://www.core77.com/competitions/ GreenerGadgets/projects/4673/
35. MIT (2008) Institute for soldier nanotechnologies website. Last accessed on 1 August 2008: http://web.mit.edu/ISN/research/index.html
36. Naam R (2005) More than human. Broadway Books, New York
37. Nozick R (1974) Anarchy, state, and utopia. Basic Books, New York
38. Parfit D (1986) Reasons and persons. Oxford University Press, New York
39. Parviz BA, et al (2008) "Contact lens with integrated inorganic semiconductor devices" presentation at 21st IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Tuscon, AZ, 13-17 January 2008
40. Persaud R (2006) "Does smarter mean happier?" in better humans?: The politics of human enhancement and life extension. Demos, London
41. Peters T (2007) "Are we playing God with nanoenhancement?" in Allhoff et al. (2007)
42. President's Council on Bioethics (2003) Beyond therapy: Biotechnology and the pursuit of happiness. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
43. Rawls J (1971) A theory of justice. Belknap, Cambridge, MA
44. Rescher N (1980) "The canons of distributive justice". In: Sterba J (ed) Justice: Alternative political perspectives. Wadsworth, Belmont
45. Roco M, Bainbridge WS (2003) Converging technologies for improving human performance: Nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive science. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
46. Saletan W (2008) "Night of the living meds: The US Military's sleep-reduction program", Slate, 16 July 2008. Last accessed on 1 August 2008: http://www.slate.com/id/2195466/
47. Sandel M (2007) The case against perfection: Ethics in the age of genetic engineering. Belknap, Cambridge, MA
48. Savulescu J, Foddy B (2007) "Ethics of performance enhancement in sport: Drugs and gene doping". In: Ashcroft RE, Dawson A, Draper H, McMillan JR (eds) Principles of health care ethics. Wiley, London
49. Selgelid M (2007) "An argument against arguments for enhancement", studies in ethics, law, and technology 1: Article 12. Last accessed on 1 August 2008: http://www.bepress.com/selt/vol1/iss1/ art12/
50. Thompson M (2008) "America's medicated army", Time, 16 June 2008. Last accessed on 1 August 2008: http://www.time.com/time/nation/ article/0,8599,1811858,00.html
51. Williams B (1973) Problems of the self. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
52. Woodall J (2007) "Programmed dissatisfaction: Does one gene drive all progress in science and the arts?". The Scientist 21(6):63