Into the wilderness: Ronald Reagan, Bob Jones University, and the political education of the Christian Right

Historian

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 234-253

  Haberman, Aaron ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 57849087267     PISSN: 00182370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6563.2005.00111.x     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Washington Post, 11 January 1982, 25 May 1983
2. Kenneth O'Reilly, Nixon's Piano: Presidents and Racial Politics from Washington to Clinton (New York: The Free Press, 1995)
3. Wilbur Edel, The Reagan Presidency: An Actor's Finest Performance (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1992)
4. Ronnie Dugger, On Reagan: The Man and His Presidency (New York: McGraw Hill Company, 1983)
5. Lou Cannon, President Reagan: The Role of a Lifetime, revised ed. (New York: Public Affairs, 2000)
6. Lawrence I. Barrett, Gambling with History: Ronald Reagan in the White House (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, 1983)
7. David Whitman, Ronald Reagan and Tax Exemptions for Racist Schools (Cambridge: Kennedy School of Government Center for Press, Politics and Public Policy, 1984)
8. Raymond Wolters, Right Turn: William Bradford Reynolds, the Reagan Administration, and Black Civil Rights (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1996)
9. Walter Capps, The New Religious Right: Piety, Patriotism, and Politics (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1990) describes the theological rationale for BJU's ban on interracial dating
10. For a discussion of the Christian Right's theology and broader political beliefs see Michael Lienesch, Redeeming America: Piety and Politics in the New Christian Right (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993)
11. Steve Bruce, The Rise and Fall of the New Christian Right: Conservative Protestant Politics in America, 1978-1988 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988)
12. Jerome Himmelstein, To the Right: The Transformation of American Conservatism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990)
13. Garry Wills, Under God: Religion and American Politics (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990)
14. Mathew C. Moen, The Transformation of the Christian Right (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1992)
15. Allen Hertzke, Representing God in Washington: The Role of Religious Lobbies in the American Polity (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1988)
16. On the Christian Right's relationship with the Republican Party see Duane Murray Oldfield, The Right and the Righteous: The Christian Right Confronts the Republican Party (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1996)
17. Geoffrey Layman, The Great Divide: Religious and Cultural Conflict in American Party Politics (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001)
18. Lou Cannon, President Reagan
19. Garry Wills, Reagan's America: Innocents at Home (Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1987)
20. Michael Schaller, Reckoning with Reagan: America and its President in the 1980s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992)
21. William E. Pemberton, Exit with Honor: The Life and Legacy of Ronald Reagan (Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1997)
22. Edmund Morris, Dutch: A Memoir of Ronald Reagan (N.Y.: Random House, 1999)
23. Martin, With God on Our Side, chapter 12
24. Mark J. Rozell and Clyde Wilcox, Second Coming: The New Christian Right in Virginia Politics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996)
25. Dan Balz and Ronald Brownstein, Storming the Gates: Protest Politics and the Republican Revival (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1996)
26. Justin Watson, The Christian Coalition: Dreams of Restoration, Demands for Recognition (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997)
27. Paul Frymer, Uneasy Alliance: Race and Party Competition in America (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), 8
28. Mark Taylor Dalhouse, An Island in the Lake of Fire: Bob Jones University, Fundamentalism, and the Separatist Movement (Athens and London: The University of Georgia Press, 1996), 156
29. Whitman, Reagan and Tax-Exemptions, 7
30. Dalhouse, Island in the Lake of Fire, 157-58
31. Layman, The Great Divide, 40-43
32. Hodgson, The World Turned Right Side Up, 176
33. Critchlow, "Social Issues," 301
34. Wolters, Right Turn, 475
35. Albert J. Menendez, Evangelicals at the Ballot Box (Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1996), 139-42
36. Barrett, Gambling with History, 419. Barrett describes how Lott received his copy of the memorandum almost immediately after Reagan signed off on it, violating standard White House protocol. Normally top-level Reagan advisors would have looked over this memorandum before any official White House action was taken. If this had happened much of the later embarrassment for the administration might have been avoided
37. Peter J. Wallison to Donald Regan, 22 December 1981, Bob Jones and Goldsboro Folder, WBP, RRPL
38. Carter, From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich, 56-57
39. O'Reilly, Nixon's Piano, 370-71
40. Critchlow, "Social Issues," 302
41. New York Times, 9 January 1982
42. Dugger, On Reagan, 213
43. Cannon, Reagan, 162, quote on 270
44. Cannon, President Reagan, 458, quote on 459
45. Whitman, Reagan and Tax Exemptions, 84-85
46. E. L. Bynum, "'Church Regulation Bill Before Congress,'" Plains Baptist Challenger, April 1982
47. Christian News, 22 February 1982
48. Raamie Baker, "A Personal View: The Bob Jones Case," Logan Banner, 21 January 1982
49. Bob Sumner, "Dangerous Proposed Legislation Affecting Christian Schools," The Sword of the Lord, 12 February 1982, 3
50. Chicago Sun-Times, 1 March 1982
51. "Bob Jones Welcomes Proposed Legislation," Moody Monthly, April 1982, 100
52. Dalhouse, An Island in the Lake of Fire, 108
53. "Bob Jones versus Everybody: Its Views on Biblical Separation Are Not Shared by Most Conservative Christian Schools," Christianity Today, 19 February 1982, 26-27
54. Nina J. Easton, Gang of Five: Leaders at the Center of the Conservative Crusade (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), 128
55. Bob Jones University v. United States, 461 U.S. 574 (1983)
56. "IRS Wins 'Hunting License'! Supreme Court Grants 'Open Season' on Fundamentalist Schools and Churches!" The Biblical Evangelist, 24 June 1983
57. E. L. Bynum, "Court Strikes Blow Against Freedom," Plains Baptist Challenger, June 1983, 3
58. The Birmingham News, 3 June 1983
59. For a good discussion of the debate over the proposed prayer amendment see Joan DelFattore, The Fourth R: Conflict over Religion in America's Public Schools (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004), 189-98
60. Ralph Reed, Active Faith: How Christians Are Changing the Soul of American Politics (New York: The Free Press, 1996), 117
61. Menedez, Evangelicals at the Ballot Box, 143
62. Ralph Reed, speaking for many conservative Christians has said, "We deeply admired and loved Ronald Reagan, who would always remain our hero for his devotion to our values." See Reed, Active Faith, 124
63. Martin, With God on our Side, 235
64. Oldfield, The Right and Righteous, 120-21
65. Lienesch, Redeeming America, 211
66. Watson, Christian Coalition, chapter 4