Schnitzler syndrome - Report on a fourteen-year course of the disease and an overview of information on the disease;Schnitzlerův syndrom - Popis čtrnáctiletého průběhu nemoci a přehled informací o této nemoci

Vnitrni Lekarstvi

Volumn 54, Issue 12, 2008, Pages 1140-1153

  Adam, Zdeněk ^a   Krejci M ^a   Pour, L ^a   Neubauer, J ^b   Prasek ^b   Hajek R ^a  

^a MASARYK UNIVERSITY   (Czech Republic)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BRNO   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

2 chlordeoxyadenosin; Anakinra; Bisphosphonates; Bortezomib; Cyclosporine A; Interferon ; Monoclonal gammopathy; Multiple myeloma; Schnitzler syndrome; Thalidomide; Waldenstr m's macroglobulinaemia

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BORTEZOMIB; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHLOROQUINE; CLADRIBINE; COLCHICINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOOXYGENASE 1 INHIBITOR; CYCLOSPORIN A; CYTOSTATIC AGENT; DAPSONE; DEXAMETHASONE; DIHYDROERGOTAMINE; DOXEPIN; HEMOGLOBIN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PAMIDRONIC ACID; PARAPROTEIN; PEFLOXACIN; PREDNISONE; PSORALEN; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RITUXIMAB; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; THALIDOMIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITOR; UNINDEXED DRUG;

CHRONIC URTICARIA; CLINICAL FEATURE; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; HUMAN; LONG TERM CARE; MEDICAL EXAMINATION; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; OSTEOLYSIS; OSTEOSCLEROSIS; PAIN; PELVIS; PHOTOTHERAPY; PRURITUS; PUVA; RECURRENT DISEASE; REMISSION; REVIEW; SCHNITZLER SYNDROME; SKIN MANIFESTATION; THERAPY EFFECT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; URTICARIA; WALDENSTROEM MACROGLOBULINEMIA;

EID: 57749177516     PISSN: 0042773X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. Schnitzler L, Hurez D, Verret JL. Urticaire chronique osteoconcensation-macroglobulinemie. Cas Princeps Etude sur 20 ans Ann. Dermatol Venereol 1989; 116: 547-550.
2. Schnitzler L, Schubert B, Boasson M et al. Urticaire chronique lesions osseuses macroglobulinemie IgM: Maladie de Waldenström? Bull Soc Fr Dermatol Syph, 1974; 81: 363-366.
3. Altmeyer P, Welke S. Macroglobulinemiae Waldenström associirt mit einem chronisch rezidivierenden urtikariellen Exanthem. Akt Dermatol 1977; 3: 71-76.
4. Baty V, Hoen B, Hudziak H et al. Schnitzler's syndrome. Two case reports and review of literature. Mayo Clin Proc 1995; 70: 570-572.
5. de Kleijn EM, Telgt D, Laan R. Schnitzler's syndrome presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO). The role of cytokines in its systemic features. Neth J Med 1997; 51: 140-142.
6. Puddu P, Cianchini G, Girardelli CR et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: report of a new case and a review of the literature. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1997; 15: 91-95.
7. Kropp JD, Czarnetzki BM. Utica, vasculitis, und Schnitzler's syndrome. Allergologie 1994; 17: S17-S20.
8. Shibolet O, Schata O, Krieger M et al. Schnitzler syndrome: chronic urticaria, fever and immunoglobulin M monoclonal gammopathy. Isr Med Assoc J 2002; 4: 466-467.
9. Verella TC, Nishimura MY, Machado MC et al. Schnitzler's syndrome without monoclonal gammopathy. Acta Derm Venereol 2005; 85: 272-273.
10. Harati A, Brockmeyer NH, Altmeyer P et al. Skin disorders in association with monoclonal gammopathies. Eur J Med Res 2005; 10: 93-104.
11. Zuberbier T, Bindeslev-Jensen C, Canonica W et al. EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF Guidelines: definition, classification and diagnosis of urticaria. Allergy 2006; 61: 316-320.
12. Lipsker D, Veran Y, Grunenberger F et al. The Schnitzler's syndrome. Four new cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2001; 80: 37-44.
13. Lipsker D. The Schnitzler syndrome - a treatment at last? Dermatology 2002; 205: 1-2.
14. de Koning HD, Bodar EJ, van der Meer JW et al. Schnitzler's Syndrome Study Group. Schnitzler's syndrome: beyond the case reports: review and follow-up of 94 patients with an emphasis on prognosis and treatment. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2007; 37: 137-148.
15. de Koning HD, van der Meer JW, Simon A. Comment on: Schnitzler's syndrome - exacerbation after anti-TNF treatment. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46: 1741.
16. Lipsker D, Boeckler P. Cutaneous manifestations of paraproteinemia and their mechanisms. Presse Med 2007; 36: 1135-1140.
17. Lipsker D, Cribier B, Maloisel F et al. Chronic urticaria and IgA myeloma. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockholm) 1998; 78: 395.
18. Lipsker D, Imrie K, Simon A et al. Hot and hobbling with hives: Schnitzler's syndrome. Clin Immunol 2006; 119: 131-134.
19. Lipsker D, Spehner D, Drillien R et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: heterogeneous immunopathological findings involving IgM-skin interactions. Br J Dermatol 2000; 142: 954-959.
20. de Castro FR, Masouyé I, Winkelmann RK et al. Urticarial pathology in Schnitzler's syndrome. Dermatology 1996; 193: 94-99.
21. Berdy SS, Bloch KJ. Schnitzler's syndrome: A broader clinical spectrum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 87: 849-854.
22. Borradori L, Rybojad M, Puissant A et al. Urticarial vasculitis associated with monoclonal IgM gammopathy, Schnitzler's syndrome. Brit J Dermatol 1990; 123: 113-118.
23. Morita A, Sakakibara S, Yokota M et al. A case of urticarial vasculitis associated with macroglobulinemia (Schnitzler's syndrome). J Dermatol 1995; 22: 32-35.
24. Lautenschlager S, Itin PH. Das Schnitzler Syndrom. Hautarzt 1993; 44: 781-784.
25. Janier M, Bonvalet D, Blanc MF et al. Chronic urtica and macroglobulinemia. Schnitzler's syndrome. Report of two cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20: 206-211.
26. Olsen E, Førre O, Lea T et al. Unique antigenic determinants (idiotypes) used as markers in a patient with macroglobulinemia urticaria. Similar idiotypes demonstrated in the skin and on peripheral blood lymphocytes. Acta Med Scand 1980; 207: 379-384.
27. Gallo R, Sabroe RA, Black AK et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: no evidence for autoimmune basis in two patients. Clin Exp Dermatol 2000; 25: 281-284.
28. Eiling E, Schröder JO, Gross WL et al. The Schnitzler's syndrome: Chronic urticaria and monoclonal gammopathy - an autoinflammatory syndrome? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2008; 6: 626-631 [Epub ahead of print].
29. Tomková H, Shirafuji Y, Arata J. Schnitzler's syndrome versus adult onset Still's disease. Eur J Dermatol 1998; 8: 118-121.
30. Sanmartín O, Febrer I, Botella R et al. Urticarial lesions and monoclonal IgM gammopathy. Schnitzler's syndrome. Arch Dermatol 1994; 130: 1193-1198.
31. Almerigogna F, Giudizi MG, Cappelli F et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: what's new? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002; 16: 214-219.
32. Clauvel JP, Brouet JC, Danon F et al. Chronic urticaria with monoclonal IgM Reprot of five cases. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1982; 25: 348-353.
33. Sánchez G, Añó M, García-Avilés C et al. Schnitzler syndrome: a case study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2000; 10: 41-43.
34. deKleijn EM, Telg D, Laan R. Schnitzler's syndrome presenting as a fever of unknown origin. The role of Cytokines in its systemic features. Neth J Med 1997; 51: 140-142.
35. Winckelmann G, Nagel HG, Maier R et al. The Schnitzler's syndrome as a cause of recurrent fever of unknown origin. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1996; 121: 860-864.
36. Nashan D, Sunderkötter C, Bonsmann G et al. Chronic urticaria, arthralgia, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and IgG paraproteinemia? A variant of Schnitzler's syndrome? Brit J Dermatol 1995; 133: 132-135.
37. Akimoto R, Yoshida M, Matsuda R et al. Schnitzler's syndrome with IgG κ gammopathy. J Dermatol 2002; 29: 735-738.
38. Husak R, Nestoris S, Goerdt S et al. Severe course of chronic urticaria, arthralgia, fever and elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate: Schnitzler's syndrome without monoclonal gammopathy? Br J Dermatol 2000; 142: 581-582.
39. Rybojad M, Moraillon I, Cordoliani F et al. Schnitzler syndrome with genetic C4 deficiency, 2 cases. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993; 120: 783-785.
40. Ščudla V, Adam Z, Ščudlová M. Současné možnosti diagnostiky a léčby anémie chronických chorob. Vnitř Lék 2001; 47: 400-406.
41. Lecompte M, Blais G, Bisson G et al. Schnitzler's syndrome. Skeletal Radiol 1998; 27: 294-296.
42. De Saint-Pierre V, Ehrhart A, Baron D et al. Systemic urticaria, sclerosing osteopathy, monoclonal gammopathy (Schnitzler's syndrome). Apropos of a case. Rev Rheum Mal Osteoartic 1992; 59: 288-292.
43. De Waele S, Lecouvet FE, Malghem J et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: an unusual cause of bone pain with suggestive imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175: 1325-1327.
44. Flórez AF, Gallardo Agromayor E, García-Barredo R et al. Radiological aid to clinical diagnosis of Schnitzler's syndrome: multimodality imaging approach. Clin Rheumatol 2008; 27: 107-110.
45. Ferrando FJ, Pujol J, Hortells JL et al. Schnitzler's syndrom: Report of a case with bone osteolysis. J Invest Allergol Clin Immunol 1994; 4: 203-205.
46. Bertrand A, Feydy A, Belmatoug N et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: 3-year radiological follow-up. Skeletal Radiol 2007; 36: 153-156.
47. Dupuy O, Pinede L, Coppere B et al. Schnitzler's syndrome with stable course over a 18-year period. Report of a case. Presse Med 1995; 24: 1402.
48. Germain P, Fach J, Bui N et al. Schnitzler's syndrome: a rare cause of systemic urticaria. Kev Med Interne 2000; 21: 285-289.
49. Singh B, Ezziddin S, Rabe E et al. Bone scan appearance supportive of Schnitzler's syndrome: report of two new cases. Clin Nucl Med 2006; 31: 151-153.
50. Soubrier M. Schnitzler syndrome. Joint Bone Spine 2008; 75: 263-236 [Epub ahead of print].
51. Doutre MS, Beylot C, Bioulac P et al. Monoclonal IgM and chronic urticaria: two cases. Ann Allergy 1987; 58: 413-414.
52. Welsh B, Tate B. Schnitzler's syndrome: report of a case with progression to Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. Australas J Dermatol 1999; 40: 201-203.
53. Barriere M, Schnitzler L, Moulin G et al. Lesions uricariennes chroniques at macroglobulinemie. Sem Hop Paris 1976; 52: 221-227.
54. Goupille P, Pizzuti P, Diot E et al. Schnitzler's s syndrome (urticaria macroglobulinemia) dramatically improved with corticosteroids. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1995; 13: 95-98.
55. Machet L, Vaillant L, Machet MC et al. Schnitzler's syndrome and associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockholm) 1992; 72: 22-24.
56. Machet L, Wattier H, Vaillant L. Urticaria and systemic diseases. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2001; 128: 1156-1160.
57. Adam Z, Šmardová J, Ščudla V. Waldenströmova makroglobulinémie: klinické projevy a diferenciální diagnostika a prognóza nemoci. Vnitř Lék 2007; 53: 1325-1337.
58. Wilhelmi ML, Wilhelmi J, Sierra J. Schnitzler syndrome and pseudoxanthoma elasticum 3rd Congress EADV 26-30 Sept. 1993 Kopenhagen, Abstract FC 20 159.
59. Lebbe C, Rybojad M, Klein F et al. Schnitzler's syndrome with sensomotor neuropathy. J Amer Acad Dermatol 1994; 30: 316-318.
60. Blaise S, Vallat JM, Tabaraud F et al. Sensitive chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in Schnitzler's syndrome. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2003; 130: 348-351.
61. Gossrau G, Pfeiffer C, Meurer M et al. Schnitzler's syndrome with neurological findings. J Neurol 2003; 250: 1248-1250.
62. Nagy L, Hannema A, Swaak A. Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, secondary antiphospholipid syndrome and IgM monoclonal paraproteinaemia. Clin Rheumatol 1999; 18: 56-58.
63. Famularo G, Barracchini A, Minisola G. Severe thrombophilia with antiphospholipid syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia in a patient with Schnitzler's syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2003; 21: 366-368.
64. Lauwers A, Chouvy V, Mosnier JF et al. A case of Schnitzler's syndrome with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Rev Rhum Engl Ed 1999; 66: 281-283.
65. Doutre MS, Beylot C. Chronic urticaria and monoclonal IgM: Treatment with Ibuprofen. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990; 22: 143-144.
66. Bonnetblanc JM, Drouet M, Laplaud P et al. Urticaria with macroglobulinaemia. Disease activity associated alterations in immunoglobulins profile and bone marrow hypodiploidy. Dermatologica 1990; 181: 41-43.
67. Lewicki M, Lewicka K, Kotyla PJ et al. Schnitzler's syndrome. Pol Arch Med Wewn 2004; 111: 735-741.
68. Lozano GF, Aquirre PA, Rivera Civico JM et al. The Schniztler's syndrome. A case report. Med Clin (Barc) 1999; 112: 158-159.
69. Obořilová A, Adam Z. Schnitzler's syndrome. Vnitř Lék 1998; 44: 423-427.
70. Peterlana D, Puccetti A, Tinazzi E et al. Schnitzler's syndrome treated successfully with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide. Scand J Rheumatol 2005; 34: 328-330.
71. Schartz NE, Buder S, Sperl H et al. Report of a case of Schnitzler's syndrome treated successfully with interferon α 2b. Dermatology 2002; 205: 54-56.
72. Kuenzli S, Buchet S, Saurat JH. Successful treatment of Schnitzler's syndrome with interferon α-2b. Dermatology 2002; 205: 74.
73. Martinez-Taboada VM, Fontalba A, Blanco R et al. Successful treatment of refractory Schnitzler's syndrome with anakinra. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 2226-2227.
74. de Koning HD, Bodar EJ, Simon A et al. Beneficial response to anakinra and thalidomide in Schnitzler's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 542-544.
75. Worm M, Kolde G. Schnitzler's syndrome: successful treatment of two patients using thalidomide. Br J Dermatol 2003; 148: 601-602.
76. Dalle S, Balme B, Sebban C et al. Schnitzler's syndrome associated with systemic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. Br J Dermatol 2006; 155: 827-829.
77. Modiano P, Bauraud-Laveine E et al. Efficacite de la puva therapei das um syndrome de Schnitzler. Nouv Dermatol 1995; 14: 362-363.
78. Cianchini G, Colonna L, Bergamo F et al. Efficacy of Psoralen-UV-A therapy in 3 cases of Schnitzler's syndrome. Arch Dermatol 2001; 137: 1536-1537.
79. Asli B, Bienvenu B, Cordoliani F et al. Chronic urticaria and monoclonal IgM gammopathy (Schnitzler syndrome): report of 11 cases treated with pefloxacin. Arch Dermatol 2007; 143: 1046-1050.
80. Blasum J, Wozel G, Patzak A et al. Schnitzler's syndrome successful treatment with extracorporal immunoadsorption. Ann Dermatovenereol 1997; 124 (Suppl): 117.
81. Carbone J, Paravisini A, Sarmiento E et al. Partial response to cyclosporine in a patient with Schnitzler's syndrome. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2007; 35: 71-73.
82. Pascual-López M, Hernández-Núñez A, Sánchez-Pérez J et al. Schnitzler's syndrome with monoclonal IgG κ gammopathy: good response to cyclosporin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002; 16: 267-270.
83. Thonhofer R, Uitz E, Graninger W. Schnitzler's syndrome-exacerbation after anti-TNF treatment. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46: 1041-1042.
84. Eiling E, Möller M, Kreiselmaier I et al. Schnitzler syndrome: treatment failure to rituximab but response to anakinra. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 57: 361-364.
85. Ramadan KM, Eswedi HA, El-Agnaf MR. Schnitzler syndrome: a case report of successful treatment using the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. BrJ Dermatol 2007; 156: 1072-1074.
86. Gilson M, Abad S, Larroche C et al. Treatment of Schnitzler's syndrome with anakinra. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007; 25: 931.
87. Klemmer N, Lenain P, Balguerie X et al. Effectiveness of anti-IL1 in Schnitzler's syndrome. Joint Bone Spine 2007; 74: 509-510.
88. Kozel MM, Sabroe RA. Chronic urticaria: aetiology, management and current and future options. Drugs 2004; 64: 2515-2536.
89. Ryan JG, de Koning HD, Beck LA et al. IL-1 blockade in Schnitzler's syndrome: ex vivo findings correlate with clinical remission. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121: 260-262.
90. Schneider SW, Gaubitz M, Luger TA et al. Prompt response of refractory Schnitzler's syndrome to treatment with anakinra. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56 (Suppl 5): S120-S122.
91. Treudler R, Kauer F, Simon JC. Striking effect of the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in chronic urticarial rash with polyclonal increase in IgA and IgG. Acta Derm Venereol 2007; 87: 280-281.
92. Wastiaux H, Barbarot S, Gagey-Caron V et al. Schnitzler syndrome: a dramatic improvement with anakinra. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008 [Epub ahead of print].
93. Carlioz R, Haas C, Jauber F et al. Maladie de Waldenstöm avec lymphome diffuse et urticarie chronique. Ann Med Interne 1989; 140: 51-78.
94. Claes K, Bammens B, Delforge M et al. Another devastating complication of the Schnitzler's syndrome: AA amyloidosis. Br J Dermatol 2008; 158: 182-184.
95. Govindaraju S, Brochot P, Ringot AC et al. Chronic urticaria- macroglobulinemia (Schnitzler syndrome): developing to IgM myeloma. Apropos of a case. Rev Med Interne. 1993; 14: 780-783.
96. Machet L, Vaillant L, Machet MC. Schnitzler's syndrome: Evolution to Waldenström's disease is non uncommon. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockholm) 1996; 76: 413.
97. Karakelides M, Monson KL, Volcheck GW et al. Monoclonal gammopathies and malignancies in patients with chronic urticaria. Int J Dermatol 2006; 45: 1032-1038.
98. Lim W, Shumak KH, Reis M et al. Malignant evolution of Schnitzler's syndrome-chronic urticaria and IgM monoclonal gammopathy: report of a new case and review of the literature. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43: 181-186.
99. Pujol RM, Barnadas MA, Brunet S. Urticarial dermatosis associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 20: 588-857.
100. Verret JL, Leclech C, Rousselet MC et al. Schnitzler's syndrome and Waldenström disease. Fatal outcome of the original case. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993; 120: 459-460.