메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 1-2, 2007, Pages 25-48

Regional climate model estimates for changes in nordic extreme events

Author keywords

Adaptation to climate change; Climate change; Extreme weather; Probabilistic design; Regional climate modeling; Risk management of structures

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE FORCING; CLIMATE MODELING; DESIGN FLOOD; EXTREME EVENT; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); PROBABILITY; REGIONAL CLIMATE; RETURN PERIOD; SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT; WIND VELOCITY;

EID: 57749168365     PISSN: 03674231     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 57749189858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anon, 2001. CEN.prEN1990 - Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design, European Committee for Standardization, CEN
    • Anon, 2001. CEN.prEN1990 - Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design, European Committee for Standardization, CEN
  • 3
    • 0033747678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tests of the generalized Pareto distribution for predicting extreme wind speeds
    • Brabson, B.B. and J.P. Palutikof, 2000. Tests of the generalized Pareto distribution for predicting extreme wind speeds, J. Appl. Meteorol., 39, 1627-1640.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Meteorol , vol.39 , pp. 1627-1640
    • Brabson, B.B.1    Palutikof, J.P.2
  • 4
    • 3042629834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The land surface treatment for the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model - version 2 (RCA2),
    • Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 40 pp
    • Bringfelt, B., J. Räisänen, S. Gollvik, L.P. Graham and A. Ullerstig, 2001. The land surface treatment for the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model - version 2 (RCA2), SMHI Reports Meteorology and Climatology, 98, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 40 pp.
    • (2001) SMHI Reports Meteorology and Climatology , vol.98
    • Bringfelt, B.1    Räisänen, J.2    Gollvik, S.3    Graham, L.P.4    Ullerstig, A.5
  • 6
    • 33947268823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the performance and utility of regional climate models: The PRUDENCE project
    • in press
    • Christensen, J.H., T.R. Carter and M. Rummukainen, 2007. Evaluating the performance and utility of regional climate models: the PRUDENCE project. Clim. Change (in press).
    • (2007) Clim. Change
    • Christensen, J.H.1    Carter, T.R.2    Rummukainen, M.3
  • 8
    • 0020332012 scopus 로고
    • Towards better estimation of extreme winds
    • Cook, N.J., 1982. Towards better estimation of extreme winds. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 9, 295-323.
    • (1982) J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn , vol.9 , pp. 295-323
    • Cook, N.J.1
  • 10
    • 57749208966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cubasch, U., G.A. Meehl, G.J. Boer, R.J. Stouffer, M. Dix, A. Noda, C.A. Senior, S.. Raper and K.S. Yap, 2001. Projections of future climate change. In: Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, p. 525-582.
    • Cubasch, U., G.A. Meehl, G.J. Boer, R.J. Stouffer, M. Dix, A. Noda, C.A. Senior, S.. Raper and K.S. Yap, 2001. Projections of future climate change. In: Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, p. 525-582.
  • 11
    • 0002520743 scopus 로고
    • Unbiased plotting positions - a review
    • Cunnane, C., 1978. Unbiased plotting positions - a review. J. Hydrol., 37, 205-222.
    • (1978) J. Hydrol , vol.37 , pp. 205-222
    • Cunnane, C.1
  • 14
    • 9944222828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New estimates of future changes in extreme rainfall across the UK using regional climate model integrations. 2 Future estimates and use in impact studies
    • Ekström, M., H.J. Fowler, C.G. Kilsby and P.D. Jones, 2005. New estimates of future changes in extreme rainfall across the UK using regional climate model integrations. 2 Future estimates and use in impact studies, J. Hydrol., 300, 234-251.
    • (2005) J. Hydrol , vol.300 , pp. 234-251
    • Ekström, M.1    Fowler, H.J.2    Kilsby, C.G.3    Jones, P.D.4
  • 15
    • 84958156266 scopus 로고
    • Limiting forms of the frequency distributions of the largest or smallest members of a sample
    • Fisher, R.A. and L.H.C. Tippett, 1928. Limiting forms of the frequency distributions of the largest or smallest members of a sample. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., 24, 180-190.
    • (1928) Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc , vol.24 , pp. 180-190
    • Fisher, R.A.1    Tippett, L.H.C.2
  • 16
    • 0037109304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating changing extremes using empirical ranking methods
    • Folland, C. and C. Anderson, 2002. Estimating changing extremes using empirical ranking methods, J. Clim., 15, 2954-2960.
    • (2002) J. Clim , vol.15 , pp. 2954-2960
    • Folland, C.1    Anderson, C.2
  • 17
    • 33646415341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future change of precipitation extremes in Europe: Intercomparison of scenarios from regional climate models
    • doi:10.1029/2005JD005965
    • Frei, C., R. Schöll, S. Fukutome, J. Schmidli and P.L. Vidale, 2006. Future change of precipitation extremes in Europe: Intercomparison of scenarios from regional climate models, J. Geophys. Res. 111, D06105, doi:10.1029/2005JD005965.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res , vol.111
    • Frei, C.1    Schöll, R.2    Fukutome, S.3    Schmidli, J.4    Vidale, P.L.5
  • 18
    • 0032855895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classical extreme value model and prediction of extreme winds
    • Galambos, J. and N. Macri, 1999. Classical extreme value model and prediction of extreme winds, J. Structural. Eng., 125, 792-794.
    • (1999) J. Structural. Eng , vol.125 , pp. 792-794
    • Galambos, J.1    Macri, N.2
  • 19
  • 20
    • 0034025893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The simulation of SST, sea ice extent and ocean heat transport in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments
    • Gordon, C., C. Cooper, C.A. Senior, H. Banks, J.M. Gregory, T.C. Johns, J.F.B. Mitchell and R.A. Wood, 2000. The simulation of SST, sea ice extent and ocean heat transport in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments, Clim. Dyn., 16, 147-166.
    • (2000) Clim. Dyn , vol.16 , pp. 147-166
    • Gordon, C.1    Cooper, C.2    Senior, C.A.3    Banks, H.4    Gregory, J.M.5    Johns, T.C.6    Mitchell, J.F.B.7    Wood, R.A.8
  • 21
    • 0000555058 scopus 로고
    • A plotting rule for extreme probability paper
    • Gringorten, I.I., 1963. A plotting rule for extreme probability paper, J. Geophys. Res., 68, 813-814.
    • (1963) J. Geophys. Res , vol.68 , pp. 813-814
    • Gringorten, I.I.1
  • 23
    • 0029656589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gumbel re-visited - a new look at extreme value statistics applied to wind speeds
    • Harris, R.I., 1996. Gumbel re-visited - a new look at extreme value statistics applied to wind speeds, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 59, 1-22.
    • (1996) J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn , vol.59 , pp. 1-22
    • Harris, R.I.1
  • 24
    • 0033086864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements to the "Method of independent Storms
    • Harris, R.I., 1999. Improvements to the "Method of independent Storms", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 80, 1-30.
    • (1999) J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn , vol.80 , pp. 1-30
    • Harris, R.I.1
  • 25
    • 0034319175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control curves for extreme value methods
    • Harris, R.I., 2000. Control curves for extreme value methods, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 88, 119-131.
    • (2000) J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn , vol.88 , pp. 119-131
    • Harris, R.I.1
  • 26
    • 3442893302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme value analysis of eoch maxima - convergence, and choise of asymptote
    • Harris, R.I., 2004. Extreme value analysis of eoch maxima - convergence, and choise of asymptote, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 92, 897-918.
    • (2004) J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn , vol.92 , pp. 897-918
    • Harris, R.I.1
  • 27
    • 0001170152 scopus 로고
    • Storage to be provided in impounding reservoir for municipal water supply
    • Hazen, A., 1914. Storage to be provided in impounding reservoir for municipal water supply, Trans. Amer. Soc. Civ. Eng., 77, 1547-1550.
    • (1914) Trans. Amer. Soc. Civ. Eng , vol.77 , pp. 1547-1550
    • Hazen, A.1
  • 28
    • 8644251333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detectability of anthropogenic changes in annual temperature and precipitation extremes
    • Hegerl, G.C., F.W. Zwiers, P.A. Stott and V.V. Kharin, 2004. Detectability of anthropogenic changes in annual temperature and precipitation extremes, J. Clim., 17, 3683-3700.
    • (2004) J. Clim , vol.17 , pp. 3683-3700
    • Hegerl, G.C.1    Zwiers, F.W.2    Stott, P.A.3    Kharin, V.V.4
  • 29
    • 0001070119 scopus 로고
    • Maximum-likelihood estimation of the parameters of the generalized extreme-value distribution
    • Hosking, J.R., 1985. Maximum-likelihood estimation of the parameters of the generalized extreme-value distribution, Appl. Stat., 34, 301-310.
    • (1985) Appl. Stat , vol.34 , pp. 301-310
    • Hosking, J.R.1
  • 30
    • 0022113451 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the generalized extreme value distribution by a method of probability weighted moments
    • Hosking, J.R., J.R. Wallis and E.F. Wood, 1985. Estimation of the generalized extreme value distribution by a method of probability weighted moments. Technometrics, 27, 251-261.
    • (1985) Technometrics , vol.27 , pp. 251-261
    • Hosking, J.R.1    Wallis, J.R.2    Wood, E.F.3
  • 32
    • 3042602670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Rossby Centre Regional Atmospheric Climate Model, Part I: Model climatology and performance for the present climate over Europe
    • Jones, C.G., U. Willén, A. Ullerstig and U. Hansson, 2004. The Rossby Centre Regional Atmospheric Climate Model, Part I: Model climatology and performance for the present climate over Europe, Ambio, 33, 199-210.
    • (2004) Ambio , vol.33 , pp. 199-210
    • Jones, C.G.1    Willén, U.2    Ullerstig, A.3    Hansson, U.4
  • 34
    • 2442444323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change projections for Finland during the 21st century
    • Jylhä, K., H. Tuomenvirta and K. Ruosteenoja, 2004. Climate change projections for Finland during the 21st century, Boreal Env. Res., 9, 127-152.
    • (2004) Boreal Env. Res , vol.9 , pp. 127-152
    • Jylhä, K.1    Tuomenvirta, H.2    Ruosteenoja, K.3
  • 36
    • 19144363700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating extremes in transient climate change simulations
    • Kharin, V.V. and F.W. Zwiers, 2005. Estimating extremes in transient climate change simulations, J. Clim., 18, 1156-1173.
    • (2005) J. Clim , vol.18 , pp. 1156-1173
    • Kharin, V.V.1    Zwiers, F.W.2
  • 37
    • 33745517446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability in daily maximum and minimum temperatures: Recent and future changes over Europe
    • in press
    • Kjellström, E., L. Bärring, D. Jacob, R. Jones, G. Lenderink and C. Schär, 2007. Variability in daily maximum and minimum temperatures: recent and future changes over Europe, Clim. Change (in press).
    • (2007) Clim. Change
    • Kjellström, E.1    Bärring, L.2    Jacob, D.3    Jones, R.4    Lenderink, G.5    Schär, C.6
  • 38
    • 0018721622 scopus 로고
    • Probability weighed moments compared with some traditional techniques in estimating Gumbel parameters and quantiles
    • Landwehr, J.M., N.C. Matalas and J.R. Wallis, 1979. Probability weighed moments compared with some traditional techniques in estimating Gumbel parameters and quantiles, Water Resour. Res., 15, 1055-1064.
    • (1979) Water Resour. Res , vol.15 , pp. 1055-1064
    • Landwehr, J.M.1    Matalas, N.C.2    Wallis, J.R.3
  • 39
    • 9944222095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between cyclones and extreme windstorm events over Europe under climate change
    • Leckebusch, G.C. and U. Ulbrich, 2004. On the relationship between cyclones and extreme windstorm events over Europe under climate change, Global Planet. Change, 44, 181-193.
    • (2004) Global Planet. Change , vol.44 , pp. 181-193
    • Leckebusch, G.C.1    Ulbrich, U.2
  • 40
    • 57749205033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lieblein, J., 1974. Efficient methods of extreme-value methodology, National Bureau of Standards (U.S.), Report NBSIR 74-602.
    • Lieblein, J., 1974. Efficient methods of extreme-value methodology, National Bureau of Standards (U.S.), Report NBSIR 74-602.
  • 41
    • 57749206263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Makkonen, L., 2001. CEN esistandardin Eurocode 1 Actions on Structures, Part 1.4: General Actions - Wind Actions liittyvän tuulennopeuden perusarvon (reference wind velocity) päivitys Suomen osalta. VTT Tutkimusselostus NRO RTE4627/01, Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, 6 pp.
    • Makkonen, L., 2001. CEN esistandardin Eurocode 1 "Actions on Structures", Part 1.4: General Actions - Wind Actions liittyvän tuulennopeuden perusarvon (reference wind velocity) päivitys Suomen osalta. VTT Tutkimusselostus NRO RTE4627/01, Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, 6 pp.
  • 42
    • 33646555790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plotting positions in extreme value analysis
    • Makkonen, L., 2006. Plotting positions in extreme value analysis, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 45, 334-340.
    • (2006) J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol , vol.45 , pp. 334-340
    • Makkonen, L.1
  • 43
    • 57749205663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problems in the extreme value analysis
    • in press
    • Makkonen, L. 2007. Problems in the extreme value analysis, Structural Safety (in press).
    • (2007) Structural Safety
    • Makkonen, L.1
  • 44
    • 38349085683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bringing closure to the plotting position controversy
    • in press
    • Makkonen, L. 2008. Bringing closure to the plotting position controversy. Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods, 37 (in press).
    • (2008) Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods , vol.37
    • Makkonen, L.1
  • 45
    • 0034019933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized maximum likelihood generalized extreme-value quantile estimators for hydrological data
    • Martins, E.S., Stedinger, J.R., 2000. Generalized maximum likelihood generalized extreme-value quantile estimators for hydrological data, Water Resour, Res., 36, 737-744.
    • (2000) Water Resour, Res , vol.36 , pp. 737-744
    • Martins, E.S.1    Stedinger, J.R.2
  • 46
    • 0000380129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in extreme weather and climate events: Issues related to modeling extremes in projection of future climate change
    • Meehl, G.A., Zwiers, F.W., Evans, J., Knutson, T., Mearns, L., Whetton, P., 2000. Trends in extreme weather and climate events: Issues related to modeling extremes in projection of future climate change, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 427-436.
    • (2000) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.81 , pp. 427-436
    • Meehl, G.A.1    Zwiers, F.W.2    Evans, J.3    Knutson, T.4    Mearns, L.5    Whetton, P.6
  • 47
    • 0035721212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the parameterization of mixing in 3D Baltic Sea models
    • Meier, H.E.M., 2001. On the parameterization of mixing in 3D Baltic Sea models, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 30997-31016.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res , vol.106 , pp. 30997-31016
    • Meier, H.E.M.1
  • 48
    • 57749194663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meier, H.E.M, Döscher, R, Coward, A.C, Nycander, J, Döös, K, 1999. Rossby Centre regional ocean climate model: model description (version 1.0) and first results from the hindcast period 1992/1993, SMHI Reports Oceanography 26, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden, 102 pp
    • Meier, H.E.M., Döscher, R., Coward, A.C., Nycander, J., Döös, K., 1999. Rossby Centre regional ocean climate model: model description (version 1.0) and first results from the hindcast period 1992/1993, SMHI Reports Oceanography 26, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden, 102 pp.
  • 49
    • 57749204823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nakićenović, N., Alcamo, J., Davis, G., de Vries, B., Fenhann, J., Gaffin, S., Gregory, K., Grubler, A., Jung, T.Y., Kram, T., La Rovere, E.L., Michaelis, L., Mori, S., Morita, T., Pepper, W., Pitcher, H., Price, L., Raihi, K., Roehrl, A., Rogner, H-H., Sankovski, A., Schlesinger, M., Shukla, P., Smith, S., Swart, R., van Rooijen, S., Victor, N., Dadi, Z., 2000. Emission Scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, Cambridge University Press, 599 pp.
    • Nakićenović, N., Alcamo, J., Davis, G., de Vries, B., Fenhann, J., Gaffin, S., Gregory, K., Grubler, A., Jung, T.Y., Kram, T., La Rovere, E.L., Michaelis, L., Mori, S., Morita, T., Pepper, W., Pitcher, H., Price, L., Raihi, K., Roehrl, A., Rogner, H-H., Sankovski, A., Schlesinger, M., Shukla, P., Smith, S., Swart, R., van Rooijen, S., Victor, N., Dadi, Z., 2000. Emission Scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, Cambridge University Press, 599 pp.
  • 50
    • 33846281918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the Clausius-Clapeyron constraint of changes in extreme precipitation under CO2 warming
    • Pall, P., Allen, M.R., Stone, D.A., 2007. Testing the Clausius-Clapeyron constraint of changes in extreme precipitation under CO2 warming, Clim. Dyn., 28, 351-363.
    • (2007) Clim. Dyn , vol.28 , pp. 351-363
    • Pall, P.1    Allen, M.R.2    Stone, D.A.3
  • 51
    • 0037203830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the risk of extreme seasonal precipitation events in a changing climate
    • Palmer, T.N., Räisänen, J., 2002. Quantifying the risk of extreme seasonal precipitation events in a changing climate, Nature, 415, 512-514.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.415 , pp. 512-514
    • Palmer, T.N.1    Räisänen, J.2
  • 52
    • 0027008921 scopus 로고
    • Improved extreme wind prediction for the United States
    • Peterka, J.A., 1992. Improved extreme wind prediction for the United States, J. Wind Eng. Ind Aerodyn., 41-44, 533-541.
    • (1992) J. Wind Eng. Ind Aerodyn , vol.41-44 , pp. 533-541
    • Peterka, J.A.1
  • 53
    • 0001075431 scopus 로고
    • Statistical interference using extreme order statistics
    • Pickands, J., 1975. Statistical interference using extreme order statistics, Ann. Stat., 3, 119-130.
    • (1975) Ann. Stat , vol.3 , pp. 119-130
    • Pickands, J.1
  • 54
    • 27744500009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential climate change impact on wind energy resources in northern Europe: Analyses using a regional climate model
    • Pryor, S.C., Barthelmie, R.J., Kjellström, E., 2005a. Potential climate change impact on wind energy resources in northern Europe: Analyses using a regional climate model, Clim. Dyn., 25, 815-835.
    • (2005) Clim. Dyn , vol.25 , pp. 815-835
    • Pryor, S.C.1    Barthelmie, R.J.2    Kjellström, E.3
  • 55
    • 27744553526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential climate change impacts on wind speeds and wind energy density in northern Europe: Results from empirical downscaling of multiple AOGCMs
    • Pryor, S.C., School, J.T., Barthelmie, R.J., 2005b. Potential climate change impacts on wind speeds and wind energy density in northern Europe: Results from empirical downscaling of multiple AOGCMs, Climate Res., 29, 183-198.
    • (2005) Climate Res , vol.29 , pp. 183-198
    • Pryor, S.C.1    School, J.T.2    Barthelmie, R.J.3
  • 56
    • 0035670070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of increasing carbon dioxide on the climate of northern Europe in global climate models
    • in Finnish with English abstract and figure and table captions
    • Räisänen, J., 2001. The impact of increasing carbon dioxide on the climate of northern Europe in global climate models (in Finnish with English abstract and figure and table captions), Terra, 113, 139-151.
    • (2001) Terra , vol.113 , pp. 139-151
    • Räisänen, J.1
  • 57
    • 57749192287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Räisänen, J., Hansson, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R., Graham, L.P., Jones, C., Meier, M., Samuelsson, P., Willén, U., 2003. GCM driven simulations of recent and future climate with the Rossby Centre coupled atmosphere - Baltic Sea regional climate model RCAO. SMHI Reports Meteorology and Climatology, No. 101, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 61 pp.
    • Räisänen, J., Hansson, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R., Graham, L.P., Jones, C., Meier, M., Samuelsson, P., Willén, U., 2003. GCM driven simulations of recent and future climate with the Rossby Centre coupled atmosphere - Baltic Sea regional climate model RCAO. SMHI Reports Meteorology and Climatology, No. 101, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 61 pp.
  • 59
    • 0141453403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative PMW-estimators of the Gumbel distribution
    • Rasmussen, P.F., Gautam, N., 2003. Alternative PMW-estimators of the Gumbel distribution, J. Hydrol., 280, 265-271.
    • (2003) J. Hydrol , vol.280 , pp. 265-271
    • Rasmussen, P.F.1    Gautam, N.2
  • 60
    • 34247574311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future changes in near surface wind speed extremes over Europe from an ensemble of RCM simulations
    • in press
    • Rockel, B., Woth, K., 2007. Future changes in near surface wind speed extremes over Europe from an ensemble of RCM simulations, Clim. Change (in press).
    • (2007) Clim. Change
    • Rockel, B.1    Woth, K.2
  • 61
    • 0033208511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient climate change simulations with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM including the tropospheric sulfur cycle
    • Roeckner, E., Bengtsson, L., Feichter, J., Lelieved, J., Rodhe, H., 1999. Transient climate change simulations with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM including the tropospheric sulfur cycle, J. Clim., 12, 3004-3032.
    • (1999) J. Clim , vol.12 , pp. 3004-3032
    • Roeckner, E.1    Bengtsson, L.2    Feichter, J.3    Lelieved, J.4    Rodhe, H.5
  • 63
    • 0036312132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: Greenhouse gas simulation with a coupled AOGCM
    • Semenov, V.A., Bengtsson, L., 2002. Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: greenhouse gas simulation with a coupled AOGCM, Clim. Dyn., 19, 123-140.
    • (2002) Clim. Dyn , vol.19 , pp. 123-140
    • Semenov, V.A.1    Bengtsson, L.2
  • 64
    • 9944253354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling extreme precipitation events - a climate change simulation for Europe
    • Semmler, T., Jacob, D., 2004. Modeling extreme precipitation events - a climate change simulation for Europe, Global Planet. Change, 44, 119-127.
    • (2004) Global Planet. Change , vol.44 , pp. 119-127
    • Semmler, T.1    Jacob, D.2
  • 65
    • 0030150342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme wind distribution tails: A "Peak over threshold approach
    • Simiu, E., Heckert, N.A., 1996. Extreme wind distribution tails: A "Peak over threshold approach", J. Struct. Eng., 122, 539-547.
    • (1996) J. Struct. Eng , vol.122 , pp. 539-547
    • Simiu, E.1    Heckert, N.A.2
  • 66
    • 34247370602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
    • Solomon, S, Qin, D, Manning, M, Chen, Z, Marquis, M, Averyt, K.B, Tignor, M, Miller, H.L, eds, IPCC, Cambridge Univ. Press, 996 pp
    • Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Tignor, M., Miller, H.L. (eds.), 2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change, IPCC, Cambridge Univ. Press, 996 pp.
    • (2007) Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change
  • 67
    • 14544287376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying uncertainty in projections of regional climate change A Bayesian approach to the analysis of multimodel ensembles
    • Tebaldi, C., Smith, R.L., Nychka, D., Mearns, L.O., 2005. Quantifying uncertainty in projections of regional climate change A Bayesian approach to the analysis of multimodel ensembles, J. Clim., 18, 1524-1540.
    • (2005) J. Clim , vol.18 , pp. 1524-1540
    • Tebaldi, C.1    Smith, R.L.2    Nychka, D.3    Mearns, L.O.4
  • 68
    • 57749179788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venäläinen, A., Saku, S., Kilpeläinen, T., Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., Vajda, A., Ruosteenoja, K., Räisänen, J., 2007. Sään ääri-ilmiöistä Suomessa. Ilmatieteen laitos, Raportteja, No. 2007:4, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 81 pp. (in Finnish)
    • Venäläinen, A., Saku, S., Kilpeläinen, T., Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., Vajda, A., Ruosteenoja, K., Räisänen, J., 2007. Sään ääri-ilmiöistä Suomessa. Ilmatieteen laitos, Raportteja, No. 2007:4, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 81 pp. (in Finnish)
  • 69
    • 0026359343 scopus 로고
    • The POT model described by the generalized Pareto distribution with Poisson arrival rate
    • Wang, Q.J., 1991. The POT model described by the generalized Pareto distribution with Poisson arrival rate, J. Hydrol., 129, 263-280.
    • (1991) J. Hydrol , vol.129 , pp. 263-280
    • Wang, Q.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.