Effects of individual characteristics on plea negotiations under sentencing guidelines

Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 59-82

  Frenzel, Erika Davis ^a   Ball, Jeremy ^b  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Logistic regression; Multinomial logistic regression; Negotiated plea; Plea negotiation; Straight plea

Indexed keywords

EID: 57749124847     PISSN: 15377938     EISSN: 15377946     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1300/J222v05n04_03     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Albonetti, C. A. (1987) Prosecutorial discretion: The effects of uncertainty. Law and Society Review, 21, pp. 291-313.
2. Albonetti, C. A. (1990) Race and the probability of pleading guilty. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 6, pp. 315-334.
3. Albonetti, C. A. (1992) Charge reduction: An analysis of prosecutorial discretion in burglary and robbery cases. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 8, pp. 317-333.
4. Aldrich, J. and Nelson, F. (1984) Linear probability, logit, and probit models, Sage, Beverly Hills, CA
5. Ball, J. D. (2005) Disparities in charge bargaining: Testing an integrated theory. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Chicago, IL
6. Bernstein, I. N., Kick, E., Leung, J. T. and Schulz, B. (1977) Charge reduction: An intermediary stage in the process of labeling criminal defendants. Social Forces, 56, pp. 362-384.
7. Bibas, S. (2001) Judicial fact-finding and sentence enhancements in a world of guilty pleas. The Yale Law Journal, 110, pp. 1097-1185.
8. Bishop, D. M. and Frazier, C. E. (1984) The effects of gender on charge reduction. Sociological Quarterly, 25, pp. 385-396.
9. (1983) Research on sentencing: The search for reform, National Academy Press, Washington, DC
10. Brereton, D. and Casper, J. (1981) Does it pay to plead guilty? Differential sentencing and the functioning of the criminal courts. Law & Society Review, 16, pp. 45-70.
11. Britt, C. L. (2000) Social context and racial disparities in punishment decisions. Justice Quarterly, 17, pp. 707-732.
12. Bureau of Justice Statistics (2003) Felony Sentences in State Courts, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC
13. Farnworth, M. and Teske, R. H. C. (1995) Gender differences in felony court processing: Three hypotheses of disparity. Women & Crime Justice, 6:2, pp. 23-44.
14. Figueira-McDonough, J. (1985) Gender differences in informal processing: A look at charge bargaining and sentence reduction in Washington, DC. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 22, pp. 101-133.
15. Gottfredson, M. R. and Gottfredson, D. M. (1988) Decision making in criminal justice,, Plenum, New York
16. Harrison, P. and Beck, A. (2003) Prisoners in 2003, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, DC
17. Johnson, B. D. (2003) Racial and ethnic disparities in sentencing departures across modes of conviction. Criminology, 41, pp. 449-490.
18. Kellough, G. and Wortley, S. (2002) Remand for plea: Bail decisions and plea bargaining as commensurate decisions. The British Journal of Criminology, 42:1, pp. 186-210.
19. Kersetter, W. (1990) Gateway to justice: Police and prosecutorial response to sexual assaults against women. Criminology, 81, pp. 267-313.
20. LaFree, G. D. (1980) Variables affecting guilty pleas and convictions in rape cases: Toward a social theory of rape processing. Social Forces, 58, pp. 833-850.
21. LaFree, G. D. (1985) Adversarial and nonadversarial justice: A comparison of guilty pleas and trials. Criminology, 23, pp. 289-312.
22. McDonald, W. F. (1985) Plea bargaining: Critical issues and common practices, U.S. Department of Justice: National Institute of Justice
23. Menard, S. (2002) Applied logistic regression analysis, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
24. Meyer, J. A. and Gray, T. (1997) Drunk drivers in the courts: Legal and extra-legal factors affecting pleas and sentences. Journal of Criminal Justice, 25, pp. 155-163.
25. Miethe, T. D. and Moore, C. A. (1986) Racial differences in criminal processing: The consequences of model selection on conclusions about differential treatment. The Sociological Quarterly, 27, pp. 217-237.
26. Nardulli, P., Eisenstein, J. and Flemming, R. B. (1988) The tenor of justice, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL
27. Olson, E. A. (2002) Rethinking mandatory minimums after Apprendi. Northwestern University Law Review, 96, pp. 811-842.
28. Priester, B. J. (2004) Structuring sentencing: Apprendi, the offense of conviction, and the limited role of Constitutional law. Indiana Law Journal, 79, pp. 863-935.
29. Spohn, C. (2000) Thirty years of sentencing reform: The quest for a racially neutral sentencing process. Criminal Justice, 3, pp. 427-502.
30. Spohn, C. (2002) How Do Judges Decide? The Quest for Fairness and Justice in Sentencing, Pine Forge Press, Thousand Oaks, CA
31. Spohn, C. and Beichner, D. (2000) Is preferential treatment of female offenders a thing of the past? A multi-site study of gender, race, and imprisonment. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 11, pp. 149-184.
32. Spohn, C., Beichner, D. and Davis-Frenzel, E. (2001) Prosecutorial justifications for sexual assault case rejection: Guarding the "gateway to justice.". Social Problems, 48, pp. 206-235.
33. Spohn, C. and Cederblom, J. (1991) Race and disparities in sentencing: A test of the liberation hypothesis. Justice Quarterly, 8, pp. 305-327.
34. Spohn, C. and Holleran, D. (2000) The imprisonment penalty paid by young, unemployed Black and Hispanic male offenders. Criminology, 38, pp. 281-306.
35. Steffensmeier, D. and Demuth, S. (2000) Ethnicity and sentencing outcomes in U.S. federal courts: Who is punished more harshly?. American Sociological Review, 65, pp. 705-729.
36. Steffensmeier, D., Ulmer, J. and Kramer, J. (1998) The interaction of race, gender, and age, in criminal sentencing: The punishment cost of being young, Black, and male. Criminology, 36, pp. 763-797.
37. Thomas, C. W. and Fitch, W. A. (1976) Prosecutorial decision making. The American Criminal Law Review, 13, pp. 507-559.
38. Tonry, M. (1996) Sentencing Matters, Oxford University Press, New York
39. Ulmer, J. T. and Kramer, J. H. (1996) Court communities under sentencing guidelines: Dilemmas of formal rationality and sentencing disparity. Criminology, 34, pp. 383-407.
40. Voit, E. S. (1987) Formal, substantive, and ascriptive determinants of prosecutorial decisions and their effects on case outcomes in the criminal justice process, Rutgers University
41. Walker, S., Spohn, C. and DeLone, M. (2000) The color of justice: Race ethnicity and crime in America,, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA
42. Wilmot, K. A. and Spohn, C. (2004) Prosecutorial discretion and real-offense sentencing: An analysis of relevant conduct under the federal sentencing guidelines. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 15, pp. 324-343.
43. Wooldredge, J. and Griffin, T. (2005) Displaced discretion under Ohio sentencing guidelines. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, pp. 301-316.
44. Wooldredge, J. and Thistlethwaite, A. (2004) Bilevel disparities in court dispositions for intimate assault. Criminology, 42, pp. 417-456.