메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 365-373

Thoracic outlet syndrome: A review

Author keywords

Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome; Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome; Thoracic outlet syndrome; Venous thoracic outlet syndrome

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; MUSCLE RELAXANT AGENT;

EID: 57749117151     PISSN: 10747931     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0b013e318176b98d     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (158)

References (91)
  • 1
    • 0001096467 scopus 로고
    • Cervical rib: A method of anterior approach for relief of symptoms by division of the scalenus anticus
    • Adson AW, Coffey JR. Cervical rib: a method of anterior approach for relief of symptoms by division of the scalenus anticus. Ann Surg. 1927;85:839-857.
    • (1927) Ann Surg , vol.85 , pp. 839-857
    • Adson, A.W.1    Coffey, J.R.2
  • 2
    • 57749110038 scopus 로고
    • Cervical rib excision: Collective review on surgery of cervical rib
    • Murphy JB. Cervical rib excision: collective review on surgery of cervical rib. Clin John B Murphy. 1916;5:227-240.
    • (1916) Clin John B Murphy , vol.5 , pp. 227-240
    • Murphy, J.B.1
  • 3
    • 84883174996 scopus 로고
    • Significant anatomic relations in the syndrome of the scalene muscles
    • Kirgis HD, Reed AF. Significant anatomic relations in the syndrome of the scalene muscles. Ann Surg. 1948;127:1182-1201.
    • (1948) Ann Surg , vol.127 , pp. 1182-1201
    • Kirgis, H.D.1    Reed, A.F.2
  • 4
    • 84979123683 scopus 로고
    • Compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus by a first dorsal rib: With a note on the surgical treatment
    • Stopford JS, Telford ED. Compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus by a first dorsal rib: with a note on the surgical treatment. Br J Surg. 1919;7:168-177.
    • (1919) Br J Surg , vol.7 , pp. 168-177
    • Stopford, J.S.1    Telford, E.D.2
  • 5
    • 84882502458 scopus 로고
    • Complications of cervical rib: Vascular complications of cervical ribs and first thoracic rib abnormalities
    • Eden KC. Complications of cervical rib: vascular complications of cervical ribs and first thoracic rib abnormalities. Br J Surg. 1939-40;27:111-139.
    • (1939) Br J Surg , vol.27 , pp. 111-139
    • Eden, K.C.1
  • 6
    • 57749112465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:28:-30.
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:28:-30.
  • 7
    • 0032726930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A neurologist's perspective
    • Wilbourn AJ. Thoracic outlet syndrome: a neurologist's perspective. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 2000;9:821-839.
    • (2000) Chest Surg Clin N Am , vol.9 , pp. 821-839
    • Wilbourn, A.J.1
  • 8
    • 0024338289 scopus 로고
    • Arterial complications of the thoracic outlet syndrome: Fifty-five operative cases
    • Cormier JM, Amrane M, Ward A, et al. Arterial complications of the thoracic outlet syndrome: fifty-five operative cases. J Vasc Surg. 1989;9:778-787.
    • (1989) J Vasc Surg , vol.9 , pp. 778-787
    • Cormier, J.M.1    Amrane, M.2    Ward, A.3
  • 9
    • 0026376288 scopus 로고
    • Review of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome with a report of five new instances
    • Sanders RJ, Haug C. Review of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome with a report of five new instances. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1991;173:415-425.
    • (1991) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.173 , pp. 415-425
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.2
  • 10
    • 33845666151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of thrombophilia in the treatment of Paget-Schroetter syncrome
    • Cassada DC, Lipscomb AL, Stevens SL, et al. The importance of thrombophilia in the treatment of Paget-Schroetter syncrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 2006;20:596-601
    • (2006) Ann Vasc Surg , vol.20 , pp. 596-601
    • Cassada, D.C.1    Lipscomb, A.L.2    Stevens, S.L.3
  • 11
    • 33846428786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paget-Schroetter syndrome treated with thrombolytics and immediate surgery
    • Molina JE, Hunter DW, Dietz CA. Paget-Schroetter syndrome treated with thrombolytics and immediate surgery. J Vasc Surg. 2007;45:328-334.
    • (2007) J Vasc Surg , vol.45 , pp. 328-334
    • Molina, J.E.1    Hunter, D.W.2    Dietz, C.A.3
  • 12
    • 0013962715 scopus 로고
    • Single anastomosis vein bypass for subclavian vein obstruction
    • Witte CL, Smith CA. Single anastomosis vein bypass for subclavian vein obstruction. Arch Surg. 1966;93:664-666.
    • (1966) Arch Surg , vol.93 , pp. 664-666
    • Witte, C.L.1    Smith, C.A.2
  • 13
    • 33744945249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term thrombotic recurrence after nonoperative management of Paget-Schroetter syndrome
    • Lee JT, Karwowski JK, Harris EJ, et al. Long-term thrombotic recurrence after nonoperative management of Paget-Schroetter syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2006;43:1236-1243.
    • (2006) J Vasc Surg , vol.43 , pp. 1236-1243
    • Lee, J.T.1    Karwowski, J.K.2    Harris, E.J.3
  • 14
    • 4744352595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination treatment of venous thoracic outlet syndrome: Open surgical decompression and intraoperative angioplasty
    • Schneider DB, Dimuizio PJ, Martin ND, et al. Combination treatment of venous thoracic outlet syndrome: open surgical decompression and intraoperative angioplasty. J Vasc Surg. 2004;40:599-603.
    • (2004) J Vasc Surg , vol.40 , pp. 599-603
    • Schneider, D.B.1    Dimuizio, P.J.2    Martin, N.D.3
  • 15
    • 0035213386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in whiplash injury
    • Kai Y, Oyama M, Kurose S. et al. Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in whiplash injury. J Spinal Disord. 2001;14:487-493.
    • (2001) J Spinal Disord , vol.14 , pp. 487-493
    • Kai, Y.1    Oyama, M.2    Kurose, S.3
  • 16
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:26.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 26
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 17
    • 0036631553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of cervical ribs and anomalous first ribs causing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Sanders RJ, Hammond SH. Management of cervical ribs and anomalous first ribs causing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36:51-56.
    • (2002) J Vasc Surg , vol.36 , pp. 51-56
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Hammond, S.H.2
  • 18
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:73.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 73
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 19
    • 0002637052 scopus 로고
    • The investigation of arm pain
    • Boyling JD, Palatonga N, Grieve GP, eds, 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone;
    • Elvey RL. The investigation of arm pain. In: Boyling JD, Palatonga N, Grieve GP, eds. Grieve's Modern Manual Therapy: the Vertebral Column. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1994:577-585.
    • (1994) Grieve's Modern Manual Therapy: The Vertebral Column , pp. 577-585
    • Elvey, R.L.1
  • 21
    • 0348169412 scopus 로고
    • Compression of the subclavian artery as a cause of ischemic brachial neuropathy
    • Gilroy J, Meyer JS. Compression of the subclavian artery as a cause of ischemic brachial neuropathy. Brain. 1963;86:733-745.
    • (1963) Brain , vol.86 , pp. 733-745
    • Gilroy, J.1    Meyer, J.S.2
  • 22
    • 0013893164 scopus 로고
    • Transaxillary approach for first rib resection to relieve thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Roos DB. Transaxillary approach for first rib resection to relieve thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Surg. 1966;163:354-358.
    • (1966) Ann Surg , vol.163 , pp. 354-358
    • Roos, D.B.1
  • 23
    • 0023025357 scopus 로고
    • The anterior scalene muscle in thoracic outlet compression syndrome: Histochemical and morphometric studies
    • Machleder HI, Moll F, Verity A. The anterior scalene muscle in thoracic outlet compression syndrome: histochemical and morphometric studies. Arch Surg. 1986;121:1141-1144.
    • (1986) Arch Surg , vol.121 , pp. 1141-1144
    • Machleder, H.I.1    Moll, F.2    Verity, A.3
  • 24
    • 0025157148 scopus 로고
    • Scalene muscle abnormalities in traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Sanders RJ, Jackson CGR, Banchero N, et al. Scalene muscle abnormalities in traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome. Am J Surg. 1990;159:231-236.
    • (1990) Am J Surg , vol.159 , pp. 231-236
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Jackson, C.G.R.2    Banchero, N.3
  • 25
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:26-27.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 26-27
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 26
    • 18044379914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whiplash injury. TOS and double crush syndrome. Forensic medical aspects
    • Schenardi C. Whiplash injury. TOS and double crush syndrome. Forensic medical aspects. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2005;92(suppl):25-27.
    • (2005) Acta Neurochir Suppl , vol.92 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 25-27
    • Schenardi, C.1
  • 27
    • 18044392748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome due to hyperextension-hyperflexion cervical injury
    • Alexandre A, Coro L, Azuelos A, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome due to hyperextension-hyperflexion cervical injury. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2005;92(suppl):21-24.
    • (2005) Acta Neurochir Suppl , vol.92 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 21-24
    • Alexandre, A.1    Coro, L.2    Azuelos, A.3
  • 28
    • 18044374281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)
    • Crotti FM, Carai A, Caria M, et al. Post-traumatic thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2005;92(suppl):13-15.
    • (2005) Acta Neurochir Suppl , vol.92 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 13-15
    • Crotti, F.M.1    Carai, A.2    Caria, M.3
  • 29
    • 0842288066 scopus 로고
    • The surgical anatomy of the scalene triangle
    • Sanders RJ, Roos DB. The surgical anatomy of the scalene triangle. Contemp Surg. 1989;35:11-16.
    • (1989) Contemp Surg , vol.35 , pp. 11-16
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Roos, D.B.2
  • 30
    • 57749085769 scopus 로고
    • Neurocirculatory scalenus antieus syndrome in the presence of developmental defects of the first rib
    • Haven H. Neurocirculatory scalenus antieus syndrome in the presence of developmental defects of the first rib. Yale J Bio. 1939;11:443-448.
    • (1939) Yale J Bio , vol.11 , pp. 443-448
    • Haven, H.1
  • 31
    • 0001711153 scopus 로고
    • Osseous abnormalities of the thoracic cage seen in forty thousand consecutive chest photoroentgenograms
    • Etter LE. Osseous abnormalities of the thoracic cage seen in forty thousand consecutive chest photoroentgenograms. Am J Roentg. 1944;51:359-363.
    • (1944) Am J Roentg , vol.51 , pp. 359-363
    • Etter, L.E.1
  • 32
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:41.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 41
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 33
    • 0018568742 scopus 로고
    • New concepts of thoracic outlet syndrome that explain etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment
    • Roos DB. New concepts of thoracic outlet syndrome that explain etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Vasc Surg. 1979;13:313-321.
    • (1979) Vasc Surg , vol.13 , pp. 313-321
    • Roos, D.B.1
  • 34
    • 0026339113 scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up after thoracic outlet decompression: An analysis of factors determining outcome
    • Green RM, McNamara MS, Ouriel K. Long-term follow-up after thoracic outlet decompression: An analysis of factors determining outcome. J Vasc Surg. 1991;14:739-746.
    • (1991) J Vasc Surg , vol.14 , pp. 739-746
    • Green, R.M.1    McNamara, M.S.2    Ouriel, K.3
  • 36
    • 84957366598 scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment for symptoms produced by cervical ribs and the scalenus anticus muscle
    • Adson AW. Surgical treatment for symptoms produced by cervical ribs and the scalenus anticus muscle. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1947;85:687-700.
    • (1947) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.85 , pp. 687-700
    • Adson, A.W.1
  • 37
    • 0018964273 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet arterial compression: Prevalence in normal persons
    • Gergoudis R, Barnes RW. Thoracic outlet arterial compression: prevalence in normal persons. Angiology. 1980;31:538-541.
    • (1980) Angiology , vol.31 , pp. 538-541
    • Gergoudis, R.1    Barnes, R.W.2
  • 38
    • 0023410623 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet compression syndrome: The lack of reliability of its clinical assessment
    • Warrens A, Heaton JM. Thoracic outlet compression syndrome: the lack of reliability of its clinical assessment. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1987;69:203-204.
    • (1987) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.69 , pp. 203-204
    • Warrens, A.1    Heaton, J.M.2
  • 39
    • 0023886258 scopus 로고
    • Vascular compression in the thoracic outlet: Age dependent normative values in noninvasive testing
    • Colon E, Westdrop R. Vascular compression in the thoracic outlet: age dependent normative values in noninvasive testing. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1988;29:166-171.
    • (1988) J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) , vol.29 , pp. 166-171
    • Colon, E.1    Westdrop, R.2
  • 40
    • 0000191499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The false-positive rate of thoracic outlet syndrome shoulder maneuvers in healthy subjects
    • Plewa MC, Delinger M. The false-positive rate of thoracic outlet syndrome shoulder maneuvers in healthy subjects. Acad Emerg Med. 1998;5:337-342.
    • (1998) Acad Emerg Med , vol.5 , pp. 337-342
    • Plewa, M.C.1    Delinger, M.2
  • 41
    • 0014074951 scopus 로고
    • Motor conduction velocities in the median and ulnar nerves
    • Jebsen RH. Motor conduction velocities in the median and ulnar nerves. Arch Phys Med. 1967;48:185-194.
    • (1967) Arch Phys Med , vol.48 , pp. 185-194
    • Jebsen, R.H.1
  • 42
    • 0027936607 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Relative value of electrophysiological studies
    • Passero S, Paradiso C, Giannini F, et al. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Relative value of electrophysiological studies. Acta Neurol Scand. 1994;90:179-185.
    • (1994) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.90 , pp. 179-185
    • Passero, S.1    Paradiso, C.2    Giannini, F.3
  • 43
    • 0023912047 scopus 로고
    • Relative utility of different electrophysiologic techniques in the evaluation of brachial plexopathies
    • Aminoff MJ, Olney RK, Parry GJ, et al. Relative utility of different electrophysiologic techniques in the evaluation of brachial plexopathies. Neurology. 1988;38:546-549.
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 546-549
    • Aminoff, M.J.1    Olney, R.K.2    Parry, G.J.3
  • 44
    • 0023887280 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory evoked potentials: Lack of value for diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Veilleux M, Stevens JC, Campbell JK. Somatosensory evoked potentials: lack of value for diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1988;11:571-575.
    • (1988) Muscle Nerve , vol.11 , pp. 571-575
    • Veilleux, M.1    Stevens, J.C.2    Campbell, J.K.3
  • 45
    • 0842311286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMG for thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Tolson TD. "EMG" for thoracic outlet syndrome. Hand Clin. 2004;20:37-42.
    • (2004) Hand Clin , vol.20 , pp. 37-42
    • Tolson, T.D.1
  • 46
    • 0019476208 scopus 로고
    • Evoked responses in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Glover JL, Worth RM, Bendick PJ, et al. Evoked responses in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Surgery. 1981;89:86-93.
    • (1981) Surgery , vol.89 , pp. 86-93
    • Glover, J.L.1    Worth, R.M.2    Bendick, P.J.3
  • 47
    • 0023258589 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory evoked potentials in the assessment of thoracic outlet compression syndrome
    • Machleder HJ, Moll F, Nuwer M, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials in the assessment of thoracic outlet compression syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 1987;6:177-184.
    • (1987) J Vasc Surg , vol.6 , pp. 177-184
    • Machleder, H.J.1    Moll, F.2    Nuwer, M.3
  • 48
    • 20744441713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility (or futility? ) of electrodiagnosis in thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Rousseff R, Tzvetanov P, Valkov I. Utility (or futility? ) of electrodiagnosis in thoracic outlet syndrome. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2005;45:131-133.
    • (2005) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.45 , pp. 131-133
    • Rousseff, R.1    Tzvetanov, P.2    Valkov, I.3
  • 49
    • 4744365756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gilliatt-Summer hand revisited: A 25-year experience
    • Tender GC, Thomas AJ, Thomas N, et al. Gilliatt-Summer hand revisited: a 25-year experience. Neurosurgery. 2004;55:883-890.
    • (2004) Neurosurgery , vol.55 , pp. 883-890
    • Tender, G.C.1    Thomas, A.J.2    Thomas, N.3
  • 50
    • 0027275271 scopus 로고
    • Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve conduction in true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Nishida T, Price SJ, Minieka MM. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve conduction in true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993;33:255-258.
    • (1993) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.33 , pp. 255-258
    • Nishida, T.1    Price, S.J.2    Minieka, M.M.3
  • 51
    • 0031899681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medial antebrachial cutaneous sensory studies in the evaluation of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Kothari MJ, Macintosh K, Heistand M, et al. Medial antebrachial cutaneous sensory studies in the evaluation of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1998;21:647-649.
    • (1998) Muscle Nerve , vol.21 , pp. 647-649
    • Kothari, M.J.1    Macintosh, K.2    Heistand, M.3
  • 52
    • 4444294562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve conduction study, a new tool to demonstrate mild lower brachial plexus lesions. A report of 16 cases
    • Seror O. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve conduction study, a new tool to demonstrate mild lower brachial plexus lesions. A report of 16 cases. Clin Neurophysiol. 2004;115:2316-2322.
    • (2004) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.115 , pp. 2316-2322
    • Seror, O.1
  • 53
    • 0031596294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • True neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: Electrophysiological diagnosis in six cases
    • LeForestier N, Moulonguet A, Maisonobe T, et al. True neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: Electrophysiological diagnosis in six cases. Muscle Nerve. 198;21:1129-1134.
    • Muscle Nerve , vol.198 , Issue.21 , pp. 1129-1134
    • LeForestier, N.1    Moulonguet, A.2    Maisonobe, T.3
  • 54
    • 40749160464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve measurements to diagnose neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
    • In Press
    • Machanic BI, Sanders RJ. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve measurements to diagnose neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. In Press.
    • Ann Vasc Surg
    • Machanic, B.I.1    Sanders, R.J.2
  • 55
    • 33748770528 scopus 로고
    • Scalenus anticus syndrome: A diagnostic and confirmatory test
    • Gage M. Scalenus anticus syndrome: a diagnostic and confirmatory test. Surgery. 1939;5:599-601.
    • (1939) Surgery , vol.5 , pp. 599-601
    • Gage, M.1
  • 56
    • 0031925517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome using electrophysiologically guided anterior scalene muscle blocks
    • Jordan SE, Machleder HI. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome using electrophysiologically guided anterior scalene muscle blocks. Ann Vasc Surg. 1998;12:260-264.
    • (1998) Ann Vasc Surg , vol.12 , pp. 260-264
    • Jordan, S.E.1    Machleder, H.I.2
  • 57
    • 33748800026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confirmatory needle placement technique for scalene muscle block in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Braun RM, Sahadevan DC, Feinstein J. Confirmatory needle placement technique for scalene muscle block in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2006;10:173-176.
    • (2006) Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg , vol.10 , pp. 173-176
    • Braun, R.M.1    Sahadevan, D.C.2    Feinstein, J.3
  • 58
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome. A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome. A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:91.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 91
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 59
    • 0034890908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI of the brachial plexus
    • Van Es HW. MRI of the brachial plexus. Eur Radiol. 2001;11:325-336.
    • (2001) Eur Radiol , vol.11 , pp. 325-336
    • Van Es, H.W.1
  • 60
    • 2942755941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR neurography and muscle MR imaging for image diagnosis of disorders affecting the peripheral nerves and musculature
    • Filler AG, Maravilla KR, Tsuruda JS. MR neurography and muscle MR imaging for image diagnosis of disorders affecting the peripheral nerves and musculature. Neurol Clin. 2004;22:643-682.
    • (2004) Neurol Clin , vol.22 , pp. 643-682
    • Filler, A.G.1    Maravilla, K.R.2    Tsuruda, J.S.3
  • 61
    • 0842332834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Brantigan CO, Roos DB. Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome. Hand Clin. 2004;20:27-36.
    • (2004) Hand Clin , vol.20 , pp. 27-36
    • Brantigan, C.O.1    Roos, D.B.2
  • 62
    • 0015791716 scopus 로고
    • The double crush in nerve-entrapment syndromes
    • Upton AR, McComas AJ. The double crush in nerve-entrapment syndromes. Lancet. 1973;2:359-362.
    • (1973) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 359-362
    • Upton, A.R.1    McComas, A.J.2
  • 63
    • 0025120286 scopus 로고
    • Double-crush nerve compression in thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Wood VE, Biondi J. Double-crush nerve compression in thoracic outlet syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72:85-87.
    • (1990) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.72 , pp. 85-87
    • Wood, V.E.1    Biondi, J.2
  • 64
    • 0002464763 scopus 로고
    • The neurovascular syndrome produced by hyperabduction of the arms
    • Wright IS. The neurovascular syndrome produced by hyperabduction of the arms. Am Heart J. 1945;29:1-19.
    • (1945) Am Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 1-19
    • Wright, I.S.1
  • 65
    • 1642267560 scopus 로고
    • Pectoralis minor tenotomy and anterior scalenotomy with special reference to the hyperabduction syndrome and "effort thrombosis" of the subclavian vein
    • Lord JW Jr, Stone PW. Pectoralis minor tenotomy and anterior scalenotomy with special reference to the hyperabduction syndrome and "effort thrombosis" of the subclavian vein. Circulation. 1956;13:537-542.
    • (1956) Circulation , vol.13 , pp. 537-542
    • Lord Jr, J.W.1    Stone, P.W.2
  • 66
    • 0016712305 scopus 로고
    • Subcoracoid neurovascular entrapment
    • McIntyre DI. Subcoracoid neurovascular entrapment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975;108:27-30.
    • (1975) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.108 , pp. 27-30
    • McIntyre, D.I.1
  • 67
    • 0021231360 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Stallworth JM, Home JB. Diagnosis and management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Arch Surg. 1984;119:1149-1151.
    • (1984) Arch Surg , vol.119 , pp. 1149-1151
    • Stallworth, J.M.1    Home, J.B.2
  • 69
    • 34249290409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pectoralis minor obstruction of the axillary vein: Report of six patients
    • Sanders RJ, Rao NM. Pectoralis minor obstruction of the axillary vein: report of six patients. J Vasc Surg. 2007;45:1206-1211.
    • (2007) J Vasc Surg , vol.45 , pp. 1206-1211
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Rao, N.M.2
  • 70
    • 0842289655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservative treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Crosby CA, Wehbe MA. Conservative treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome. Hand Clin. 2004;20:43-49.
    • (2004) Hand Clin , vol.20 , pp. 43-49
    • Crosby, C.A.1    Wehbe, M.A.2
  • 71
    • 0030116166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservative management of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Novak CB. Conservative management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996;8:201-207.
    • (1996) Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.8 , pp. 201-207
    • Novak, C.B.1
  • 72
    • 0041350291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Feldenkrais method: A dynamic approach to changing motor behavior
    • Buchanan PA, Ulrich BD. The Feldenkrais method: a dynamic approach to changing motor behavior. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2003;74:116-126.
    • (2003) Res Q Exerc Sport , vol.74 , pp. 116-126
    • Buchanan, P.A.1    Ulrich, B.D.2
  • 73
    • 33748186566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in pain, disability, and muscle activation patterns in chronic whiplash patients after ambulant myofeedback training
    • Voerman GE, Vollenbroek-Hutten MM, Hermens HJ. Changes in pain, disability, and muscle activation patterns in chronic whiplash patients after ambulant myofeedback training. Clin J Pain. 2006;22:656-663.
    • (2006) Clin J Pain , vol.22 , pp. 656-663
    • Voerman, G.E.1    Vollenbroek-Hutten, M.M.2    Hermens, H.J.3
  • 74
    • 57749108053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colton T. Statistics In Medicine. Boston: Little Brown & Co; 1975:237:-250.
    • Colton T. Statistics In Medicine. Boston: Little Brown & Co; 1975:237:-250.
  • 75
    • 21944457993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: Pattern of clinical success after operative decompression
    • Altobelli GG, Kudo T, Haas BT, et al. Thoracic outlet syndrome: pattern of clinical success after operative decompression. J Vasc Surg. 2005;42:122-128.
    • (2005) J Vasc Surg , vol.42 , pp. 122-128
    • Altobelli, G.G.1    Kudo, T.2    Haas, B.T.3
  • 76
    • 0024831474 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: A comparison of different operations
    • Sanders RJ, Pearce WH. The treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome: a comparison of different operations. J Vasc Surg. 1989;10:626-634.
    • (1989) J Vasc Surg , vol.10 , pp. 626-634
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Pearce, W.H.2
  • 77
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott ; 1991:182.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 182
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 78
    • 0003848914 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries
    • Philadelphia: Lipppincott;
    • Sanders RJ, Haug CE. Thoracic outlet syndrome: A common sequela of neck injuries. In: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lipppincott; 1991:162.
    • (1991) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , pp. 162
    • Sanders, R.J.1    Haug, C.E.2
  • 79
    • 1642452809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical predictors of surgical outcome in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome operated on via transaxillary approach
    • Yavuzer S, Atinkaya C, Tokat O. Clinical predictors of surgical outcome in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome operated on via transaxillary approach. Euro J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004;25:173-178.
    • (2004) Euro J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.25 , pp. 173-178
    • Yavuzer, S.1    Atinkaya, C.2    Tokat, O.3
  • 80
    • 0020262974 scopus 로고
    • The place for scalenectomy and first rib resection in thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Roos DB. The place for scalenectomy and first rib resection in thoracic outlet syndrome. Surgery. 1982;92:1077-1085.
    • (1982) Surgery , vol.92 , pp. 1077-1085
    • Roos, D.B.1
  • 81
    • 57749084969 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Sellke FW, Kelly TR. Thoracic outlet syndrome. Am J Surg. 1988;154:56.
    • (1988) Am J Surg , vol.154 , pp. 56
    • Sellke, F.W.1    Kelly, T.R.2
  • 82
    • 0028122770 scopus 로고
    • Trauma-related thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Ellison DW, Wood VE. Trauma-related thoracic outlet syndrome. J Hand Surg (Br). 1994;19:424-426.
    • (1994) J Hand Surg (Br) , vol.19 , pp. 424-426
    • Ellison, D.W.1    Wood, V.E.2
  • 83
    • 0028849328 scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome after transaxillary approach for thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Mingoli A, Feldhaus RJ, Farina C, et al. Long-term outcome after transaxillary approach for thoracic outlet syndrome. Surgery. 1995;118:840-844.
    • (1995) Surgery , vol.118 , pp. 840-844
    • Mingoli, A.1    Feldhaus, R.J.2    Farina, C.3
  • 84
    • 0029743739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic outlet syndrome: Fact or fancy? A review of 409 consecutive patients who underwent operation
    • Jamieson WG, Chinnick B. Thoracic outlet syndrome: fact or fancy? A review of 409 consecutive patients who underwent operation. Can J Surg. 1996;39:321-326.
    • (1996) Can J Surg , vol.39 , pp. 321-326
    • Jamieson, W.G.1    Chinnick, B.2
  • 85
    • 0031135638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resection of the first rib for the upper thoracicaperture syndrome-TOS. Long-term experience
    • Zatocil Z, Gregor Z, Leypold J, et al. Resection of the first rib for the upper thoracicaperture syndrome-TOS. Long-term experience. Rozhl Chir. 1997;76:242-245.
    • (1997) Rozhl Chir , vol.76 , pp. 242-245
    • Zatocil, Z.1    Gregor, Z.2    Leypold, J.3
  • 86
    • 84970199200 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Thomas GI. Diagnosis and treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome. Perspect Vasc Surg. 1995;8:1-28.
    • (1995) Perspect Vasc Surg , vol.8 , pp. 1-28
    • Thomas, G.I.1
  • 87
    • 0029619801 scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic thoracic outlet decompression: Rationale for sparing the first rib
    • Cheng SW, Reilly LM, Nelken NA, et al. Neurogenic thoracic outlet decompression: rationale for sparing the first rib. Cardiovasc Surg. 1995;3:617-623.
    • (1995) Cardiovasc Surg , vol.3 , pp. 617-623
    • Cheng, S.W.1    Reilly, L.M.2    Nelken, N.A.3
  • 88
    • 0029861544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 770 consecutive supraclavicular first rib resections for thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Hempel GK, Shutze WP, Anderson JF, et al. 770 consecutive supraclavicular first rib resections for thoracic outlet syndrome. Ann Vasc Surg. 1996;10:456-463.
    • (1996) Ann Vasc Surg , vol.10 , pp. 456-463
    • Hempel, G.K.1    Shutze, W.P.2    Anderson, J.F.3
  • 89
    • 0035134191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of surgical decompression of thoracic outlet compression syndrome
    • Maxwell-Armstrong CA, Noorpuri BS, Haque SA, et al. Long-term results of surgical decompression of thoracic outlet compression syndrome. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 2001;46:35-38.
    • (2001) J R Coll Surg Edinb , vol.46 , pp. 35-38
    • Maxwell-Armstrong, C.A.1    Noorpuri, B.S.2    Haque, S.A.3
  • 90
    • 0043160338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and Efficacy of the supraclavicular approach to thoracic outlet decompression
    • Maxey TS, Reece TB, Ellman PI, et al. Safety and Efficacy of the supraclavicular approach to thoracic outlet decompression. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;76:396-400.
    • (2003) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.76 , pp. 396-400
    • Maxey, T.S.1    Reece, T.B.2    Ellman, P.I.3
  • 91
    • 0028262185 scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of primary scalenotomy in the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome
    • Gockel M, Vastamaki M, Alaranta H. Long-term results of primary scalenotomy in the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Hand Surg (Br). 1994;19:229-233.
    • (1994) J Hand Surg (Br) , vol.19 , pp. 229-233
    • Gockel, M.1    Vastamaki, M.2    Alaranta, H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.