The effects of cage volume and cage shape on the condition and behaviour of captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

Volumn 116, Issue 2-4, 2009, Pages 286-294

  Asher, Lucy ^a   Davies, Gareth T O ^a   Bertenshaw, Catherine E ^a   Cox, Michael A A ^a   Bateson, Melissa ^a  

^a ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bird; Cage shape; Cage size; European starling; Flight; Housing; Space allowance; Stereotypy; Sturnus vulgaris; Time budget; Welfare

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL WELFARE; BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE; BODY CONDITION; CAPTIVE POPULATION; FLIGHT; PASSERINE; SHAPE; SIZE EFFECT; STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIOR;

ANIMALIA; AVES; STURNIDAE; STURNUS VULGARIS;

EID: 57749111471     PISSN: 01681591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2008.10.008     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Asher L., and Bateson M. Use and husbandry of captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in scientific research: a review of current practice. Lab. Anim. 42 (2008) 111-126
2. Appleby M.C., and Hughes B.O. Welfare of laying hens in cages and alternative systems: environmental, physical and behavioral aspects. World Poultry Sci. J. 47 (1991) 109-128
3. Barnett C.A., Bateson M., and Rowe C. State-dependent decision making: educated predators strategically trade off the costs and benefits of consuming aposematice prey. Behav. Ecol. 18 (2007) 645-651
4. Bateson M., and Matheson S.M. Performance on a categorisation task suggests that removal of environmental enrichment induces 'pessimism' in captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Anim. Welf. 16 (2007) S33-36
5. Buttner D. Upright standing in the laboratory rat: time expenditure and its relation to locomotor activity. J. Exp. Anim. Sci. 36 (1993) 19-26
6. Canal L. A normal approximation for the chi-square distribution. Comput. Stat. Data An. 48 (2005) 803-808
7. Cooper J.J., and Nicol C.J. Stereotypic behaviour in wild caught and laboratory bred bank voles (Clethrionymus glareolus). Anim. Welf. 5 (1996) 245-257
8. Dawkins M. Welfare and structure of a battery cage-size and cage floor preferences in domestic hens. Br. Vet. J. 134 (1978) 469-475
9. Draper W.A., and Bernstein I.S. Stereotyped behavior and cage size. Percept. Motor Skill. 16 (1963) 231-234
10. Gebhardt-Henrich S.G., and Steiger A. Effects of aviary and box sizes on body mass and behaviour of domesticated budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Anim. Welf. 15 (2006) 353-358
11. Greenwood V.J., Smith E.L., Goldsmith A.R., Cuthill I.C., Crisp L.H., Walter-Swan M.B., and Bennett A.T.D. Does the flicker frequency of fluorescent lighting affect the welfare of captive European starlings?. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 86 (2004) 145-159
12. Haccou P., and Meelis E. Statistical Analysis of Behavioural Data: An Approach Based on Time-structured Models (1992), Oxford University Press, Oxford
13. Hadley C., Hadley B., Ephraim S., Yang M., and Lewis M.H. Spontaneous stereotypy and environmental enrichment in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus): reversibility of experience. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 97 (2006) 312-322
14. Hawkins P., Morton D.B., Cameron D., Cuthill I., Francis R., Freire R., Gosler A., Healy S., Hudson A., Inglis I., Kirkwood J., Lawton M., Monaghan P., Sherwin C., and Townsend P. Laboratory birds: refinements in husbandry and procedures. Lab. Anim. 35 (2001) S120-126
15. Hediger H. Wild Animals in Captivity (1964), Dover Publications, New York
16. Keiper R.R. Causal factors of stereotypies in caged birds. Anim. Behav. 17 (1969) 114
17. Kuhnen G. The effect of cage size and enrichment on core temperature and febrile response of the golden hamster. Lab. Anim. 33 (1999) 221-227
18. Lewis M.H., Presti M.F., Lewis J.B., and Turner C.A. The neurobiology of stereotypy I: environmental complexity. In: Mason G., and Rushen J. (Eds). Stereotypic Animal Behaviour: Fundamentals and Applications to Welfare. second ed. (2006), CABI, Wallingford
19. Maddocks S.A., Goldsmith A.R., and Cuthill I.C. Behavioural and physiological effects of absence of ultraviolet wavelengths on European starlings Sturnus vulgaris. J. Avian Biol. 33 (2002) 103-106
20. Manosevitz M., and Pryor J.B. Cage size as a factor in environmental enrichment. J. Comput. Physiol. Psychol. 89 (1975) 648-654
21. Mason G., and Rushen J. Stereotypic Animal Behaviour: Fundamentals and Applications to Welfare. second ed. (2006), CABI, Wallingford
22. Matheson S.M., Asher L., and Bateson M. Larger, enriched cages are associated with 'optimistic' response biases in captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 109 (2008) 374-383
23. Meehan C.L., Garner J.P., and Mench J.A. Isosexual pair housing improves the welfare of young Amazon parrots. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 81 (2003) 73-88
24. Meehan C.L., Garner J.P., and Mench J.A. Environmental enrichment and development of cage stereotypy in Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica). Dev. Psychobiol. 44 (2004) 209-218
25. Mitsushima D., Funabashi T., Shinohara K., and Kimura F. Rats living in small cages respond to restraint stress with adrenocortical corticosterone release but not with hippocampal acetylcholine release. Psychoneuroendocrinology 28 (2003) 574-583
26. Nicol C.J. Effect of cage height and area on the behavior of hens housed in battery cages. Br. Poultry Sci. 28 (1987) 327-335
27. Ödberg F.O. The influence of cage size and environmental enrichment on the development of stereotypes in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). Behav. Process. 14 (1987) 155-173
28. Patterson-Kane E.C., Harper D.N., and Hunt M. The cage preferences of laboratory rats. Lab. Anim. 35 (2001) 74-79
29. Paulus M.P., Bakshi V.P., and Geyer M.A. Isolation rearing affects sequential organization of motor behavior in post-pubertal but not pre-pubertal Lister and Sprague-Dawley rats. Behav Brain Res. 94 (1998) 271-280
30. Ramos N.C., Anderson K.E., and Adams A.W. Effects of type of cage partition, cage shape, and bird density on productivity and well-being of layers. Poultry Sci. 65 (1986) 2023-2028
31. Redfern C.P.F., and Clark J.A. Ringers' Manual (2001), British Trust for Ornithology, Thetford
32. Sauer U.G. The revision of European housing guidelines for laboratory animals: expectations from the point of animal welfare. ATLA 32 (2004) 187-190
33. Schmid R., Doherr M.G., and Steiger A. The influence of breeding method on the behaviour of adult African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus). Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 98 (2006) 293-307
34. Sevi A., Muscio A., Dantone D., Iascone V., and D'Emilio F. Paddock shape effects on grazing behavior and efficiency in sheep. J. Range Manag. 54 (2001) 122-125
35. Shepherdson D.J., Carlstead K., Mellen J., and Seidensticker J. The influence of food presentation on the behavior of small cats in confined environments. Zoo. Biol. 12 (1993) 203-216
36. Sherwin C.M. The motivation of group-housed laboratory mice, Mus musculus, for additional space. Anim. Behav. 67 (2004) 711-717
37. Smith E.L., Evans J.E., and Parraga C.A. Myoclonus induced by cathode ray tube screens and low-frequency lighting in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Vet. Rec. 157 (2005) 148-150
38. Stricklin W.R., Graves H.B., and Wilson L.L. Some theoretical and observed relationships of fixed and portable spacing behavior of animals. Appl. Anim. Ethol. 5 (1979) 201-214
39. Wiegand R.M., Gonyou H.W., and Curtis S.E. Pen shape and size-effects on pig behavior and performance. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 39 (1994) 49-61
40. Witter M.S., and Lee S.J. Habitat structure, stress and plumage development. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 261 (1995) 303-308