BAL in the diagnosis of smoking-related interstitial lung diseases: Review of literature and analysis of our experience

Diagnostic Cytopathology

Volumn 36, Issue 12, 2008, Pages 909-915

  Domagała Kulawik, Joanna ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW   (Poland)

Author keywords

BAL; ILD; Macrophages; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CYTOLOGY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN; INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE; INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA; LUNG FIBROSIS; LUNG LAVAGE; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; LYMPHOCYTOSIS; NEUTROPHIL COUNT; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; EOSINOPHILS; HUMANS; LUNG DISEASES, INTERSTITIAL; LYMPHOCYTOSIS; MACROPHAGES, ALVEOLAR; NEUTROPHILS; SMOKING;

EID: 57349102396     PISSN: 87551039     EISSN: 10970339     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dc.20944     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:277-304.
2. Costabel U. Ask the experts - Interstitial lung disease. Breath 2007;4:165-172.
3. Ryu JH, Colby TV, Hartman TE, Vassallo R. Smoking-related interstitial lung diseases: A concise review. Eur Respir J 2001;17:122-132.
4. Flaherty KR, Martinez FJ. Cigarette smoking in interstitial lung disease: Concepts for the internist. Med Clin North Am 2004;88:1643-1653.
5. Steele MP, Speer MC, Loyd JE, et al. Clinical and pathologic features of familial interstitial pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:1146-1152.
6. Nagai S, Handa T, Ito Y, Takeuchi M, Izumi T. Bronchoalveolar lavage in idiopathic interstitial lung diseases. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2007;28:496-503.
7. Cordeiro CR, Freitas S, Rodrigues B, et al. Diagnosis of respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2006;2:96-101.
8. Veeraraghavan S, Latsi PI, Wells AU, et al. BAL findings in idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and usual interstitial pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2003;22:239-244.
9. Visscher DW, Myers JL. Histologic spectrum of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006;3:322-329.
10. Katzenstein AL, Myers JL. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Clinical relevance of pathologic classification. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1301-1315.
11. Bedrossian CW, Kuhn C, III, Luna MA, Conklin RH, Byrd RB, Kaplan PD. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia-like reaction accompanying pulmonary lesions. Chest 1977;72:166-169.
12. Wells AU, Nicholson AG, Hansell DM, du Bois RM. Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2003;24:585-594.
13. Yousem SA, Colby TV, Gaensler EA. Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease and its relationship to desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Mayo Clin Proc 1989;64:1373-1380.
14. Vassallo R, Jensen EA, Colby TV, et al. The overlap between respiratory bronchiolitis and desquamative interstitial pneumonia in pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: High-resolution CT, histologic, and functional correlations. Chest 2003;124:1199-1205.
15. Caminati A, Harari S. Smoking-related interstitial pneumonias and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006;3:299-306.
16. Ryu JH, Myers JL, Capizzi SA, Douglas WW, Vassallo R, Decker PA. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia and respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease. Chest 2005;127:178-184.
17. Craig PJ, Wells AU, Doffman S, et al. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia, respiratory bronchiolitis and their relationship to smoking. Histopathology 2004;45:275-282.
18. Fraig M, Shreesha U, Savici D, Katzenstein AL. Respiratory bronchiolitis: A clinicopathologic study in current smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers. Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:647-653.
19. Mavridou D, Laws D. Respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD): A case of an acute presentation. Thorax 2004;59:910-911.
20. Moon J, du Bois RM, Colby TV, Hansell DM, Nicholson AG. Clinical significance of respiratory bronchiolitis on open lung biopsy and its relationship to smoking-related interstitial lung disease. Thorax 1999;54:1009-1014.
21. Selman M, Montano M, Ramos C, et al. Tobacco smoke-induced lung emphysema in guinea pigs is associated with increased interstitial collagenase. Am J Physiol 1996;271:734-743.
22. Yousem SA. Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease with fibrosis is a lesion distinct from fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: A proposal. Mod Pathol 2006;19:1474-1479.
23. Nakanishi M, Demura Y, Mizuno S, et al. Changes in HRCT findings in patients with respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease after smoking cessation. Eur Respir J 2007;29:453-461.
24. Portnoy J, Veraldi KL, Schwarz MI, et al. Respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease: Long-term outcome. Chest 2007;131:664-671.
25. Antoniou KM, Hansell DM, Rubens MB, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary Fibrosis: Outcome in Relation to Smoking Status. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;177:190-194.
26. Tabuena RP, Nagai S, Tsutsumi T, et al. Cell profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as prognosticators of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/usual interstitial pneumonia among Japanese Patients. Respiration 2005;72:490-498.
27. Ryu YJ, Chung MP, Han J, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage in fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Respir Med 2007;101:655-660.
28. Welker L, Jorres RA, Costabel U, Magnussen H. Predictive value of BAL cell differentials in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. Eur Respir J 2004;24:1000-1006.
29. Baughman RP. Technical aspects of bronchoalveolar lavage: Recommendations for a standard procedure. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2007;28:475-485.
30. Technical recommendations and guidelines for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Report of the European Society of Pneumology Task Group. Eur Respir J 1989;2:561-585.
31. The BAL Cooperative Group Steering Committee. Bronchoalveolar lavage constituents in healthy individuals, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and selected comparison groups. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;141:S169-S202.
32. Costabel U. Atlas of bronchoalveolar lavage. London: Chapman & Hall Medical; 1998.
33. Domagala-Kulawik J. [Difficulties in the interpretation BALF and induced sputum cell smears]. Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2007;75:261-267.
34. Costabel U, Guzman J, Bonella F, Oshimo S. Bronchoalveolar lavage in other interstitial lung diseases. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2007;28:514-524.
35. Nagai S, Kitaichi M, Itoh H, Nishimura K, Izumi T, Colby TV. Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia/fibrosis: Comparison with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and BOOP. Eur Respir J 1998;12:1010-1019.
36. Poletti V, Zompatori M, Cancellieri A. Clinical spectrum of adult chronic bronchiolitis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 1999;16:183-196.
37. Poletti V, Cazzato S, Minicuci N, Zompatori M, Burzi M, Schiattone ML. The diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Eur Respir J 1996;9:2513-2516.
38. Cordier JF. Cryptogenic organising pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2006;28:422-446.
39. Katzenstein AL, Fiorelli RF. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia/fibrosis. Histologic features and clinical significance. Am J Surg Pathol 1994;18:136-147.
40. Domaga?a-Kulawik J. The nature of immunological reaction in the peripheral airways of cigarette smokers Current Respir Med Rev 2007;3:117-127.
41. Cisneros-Lira J, Gaxiola M, Ramos C, Selman M, Pardo A. Cigarette smoke exposure potentiates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in guinea pigs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2003;285:L949-L956.
42. Vassallo R, Tamada K, Lau JS, Kroening PR, Chen L. Cigarette smoke extract suppresses human dendritic cell function leading to preferential induction of Th-2 priming. J Immunol 2005;175:2684-2691.
43. Frankenberger M, Menzel M, Betz R, et al. Characterization of a population of small macrophages in induced sputum of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy volunteers. Clin Exp Immunol 2004;138:507-516.
44. Wahlstrom J, Berlin M, Skold CM, Wigzell H, Eklund A, Grunewald J. Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Thorax 1999;54:339-346.