Strontium nitriminotetrazolates - Suitable colorants in smokeless pyrotechnic compositions

Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie

Volumn 634, Issue 15, 2008, Pages 2777-2784

  Klapötke, Thomas M ^a   Stierstorfer, Jörg ^a   Tarantik, Karina R ^a   Thoma, Ines D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Crystal structures; Energetic materials; Pyrotechnic; Red colorants; Tetrazoles

Indexed keywords

EID: 57349102311     PISSN: 00442313     EISSN: 15213749     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800171     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. G. Steinhauser, T. M. Klapötke, Angew. Chem. 2008, 120, 3376;
2. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3330.
3. "New Nitrogen-Rich High Explosives": T. M. Klapötke, Struct. Bonding (Berlin) 2007, 125.
4. D. E. Chavez, M. A. Hiskey, D. L. Naud, J. Pyrotech. 1999, 10, 17.
5. a) A. Hammerl, G. Holl, T. M. Klapötke, P. Mayer, H. Nöth, H. Piotrowski, M. Warchhold, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 4, 834;
6. b) M. Friedrich, J. C. Gálvez-Ruiz, T. M. Klapötke, P. Mayer, B. Weber, J. J. Weigand, Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 8044;
7. th, Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2006, Pt. 2, 641;
8. d) G. Steinhauser, K. Karaghiosoff, T. M. Klapötke, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2008, 634, 892;
9. e) G. Steinhauser, K. Tarantik, T. M. Klapötke, J. Pyrotechnics 2008, 27, 3.
10. a) D. E. Chavez, M. A. Hiskey, M. H. Huynh, D. L. Naud, S. F. Son, B. C. Tappan, J. Pyrotech. 2006, 23, 70;
11. b) M. H. V. Huynh, M. A. Hiskey, D. L. Naud, US Pat. Appl. Publ. 2007142643, 2007;
12. c) B. C. Tappan, M. H. Huynh, M. A. Hiskey, D. E. Chavez, E. P. Luther, J. T. Mang, S. F. Son, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 2006, 896, 15;
13. d) B. C. Tappan, M. H. Huynh, M. A. Hiskey, D. E. Chavez, E. P. Luther, J. T. Mang, S. F. Son, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 6589.
14. W. M. Koppes, M. E. Sitzmann, US 7,220,328, 2007. W. Koppes, Insensitive Munition Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, Bristol, UK, 2006.
15. W. Koppes, M. Sitzmann, US 6,846,926, 2005. W. M. Koppes, M. E. Sitzmann, R. D. Gilardi, Proc. Int. Pyrotech. Semin. 2002, 29, 711.
16. T. M. Klapötke, M. Stein, J. Stierstorfer, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2008, 634; 1711.
17. th, Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2008, Pt. 2, 586.
18. V. Ernst, T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2007, 633, 879.
19. T. M. Klapötke, H. Radies, J. Stierstorfer, Z. Naturforsch. 2007, 62b, 1343.
20. T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, Helv. Chim. Acta 2007, 90, 2132-2150.
21. H. Laub, T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. 2008, in press.
22. G. Geisberger, T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 30, 4743-4750.
23. E.-C. Koch, J. Pyrotech. 2001, 13, 1.
24. CrysAlis CCD, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version 1.171.27p5 beta (release 01-04-2005 CrysAlis171 .NET).
25. CrysAlis RED, Oxford Diffraction Ltd., Version 1.171.27p5 beta (release 01-04-2005 CrysAlis171 .NET).
26. SIR-92, A program for crystal structure solution, A. Altomare, G. Cascarano, C. Giacovazzo, A. Guagliardi, J. Appl. Cryst. 1993, 26, 343.
27. G. M. Sheldrick SHELXS-97, Program for Crystal Structure Solution, University of Göttingen, 1997.
28. G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXL-97, Program for the Refinement of Crystal Structures, University of Göttingen, Germany, 1997.
29. A. L. Spek, PLATON, A Multipurpose Crystallographic Tool, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1999.
30. SCALE3 ABSPACK - An Oxford Diffraction program (1.0.4,gui:1.0.3) 2005 Oxford Diffraction Ltd.
31. Crystallographic data for the structure(s) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK (Fax: int.code (1223)336-033; e-mail for inquiry: fileserv@ccdc.cam.ac. uk; e-mail for deposition: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk)
32. V. Ernst, T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, New Trends in Research of Energetic Materials, Proceedings of the Seminar, 10th, Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2007, 2, 575.
33. (a) T. M. Klapötke, J. Stierstorfer, A. Wallek, Chem. Mat. 2008, in press;
34. th, Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2008, 2, 832.
35. http://www.linseis.com
36. M. Sućeska, Test Methods for Explosives, Springer, New York, 1995, p. 21 (impact)/27 (friction).
37. NATO standardization agreement (STANAG) on explosives, impact sensitivity tests, no. 4489, Ed. 1, Sept. 17, 1999.
38. WIWEB-Standardarbeitsanweisung 4-5.1.02, Ermittlung der Explosionsgefährlichkeit, hier der Schlagempfindlichkeit mit dem Fallhammer, Nov. 8, 2002.
39. http://www.bam.de
40. http://www.reichel-partner.de/
41. NATO standardization agreement (STANAG) on explosive, friction sensitivity tests, no. 4487, Ed. 1, Aug. 22, 2002.
42. WIWEB-Standardarbeitsanweisung 4-5.1.03, Ermittlung der Explosionsgefährlichkeit oder der Reibeempfindlichkeit mit dem Reibeapparat, Nov. 8, 2002.
43. Impact: Insensitive > 40 J, less sensitive ≥- 35 J, sensitive ≥- 4, very sensitive ≤ 3 J; friction: Insensitive > 360 N, less sensitive = 360 N, sensitive < 360 N a. > 80 N, very sensitive ≤ 80 N, extreme sensitive ≤ 10 N; According to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.
44. a) http://www.ozm.cz/testing-instruments/small-scale-electrostatic- discharge-tester.html;
45. b) S. Zeman, V. Pelikan, J. Majzlik, Central Eur. J. Energ. Mat. 2006, 3, 45;
46. c) D. Skinner, D. Olson, A. Block-Bolten, Propellants, Pyrotech. Explos. 1997, 23, 34.