Direct imaging of multiple planets orbiting the star HR 8799

Science

Volumn 322, Issue 5906, 2008, Pages 1348-1352

  Marois, Christian ^a,b,c   Macintosh, Bruce ^b   Barman, Travis ^d   Zuckerman, B ^e   Song, Inseok ^f   Patience, Jennifer ^g   Lafrenière, David ^h   Doyon, René ⁱ  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

^b LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d LOWELL OBSERVATORY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

^h UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

ⁱ UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASTRONOMY; DETECTION METHOD; IMAGING METHOD; PLANETARY ATMOSPHERE; SOLAR SYSTEM;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; ATMOSPHERE; CAMERA; IMAGING SYSTEM; LUMINANCE; MOTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPACE; TELESCOPE; VELOCITY;

EID: 57149087051     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1166585     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. D. Deming, Proc. IAU Symposium 253, in press; arXiv:0808.1289 astro-ph.
2. P. Kalas, J. R. Graham, M. Clampin, Nature 435, 1067 (2005).
3. B. Zuckerman, I. Song, Astrophys. J. 603, 738 (2004).
4. B. Zuckerman, I. Song, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 42, 685 (2004).
5. C. A. O. Torres, G. R. Quast, C. H. F. Melo, M. E. Sterzik, Handbook of Star Forming Regions Vol. II. Astronomical Society of the Pacific, in press; arXiv:0808.3362 astro-ph.
6. T. Nakajima et al., Nature 378, 463 (1995).
7. B. Zuckerman, I. Song, Astron. Astrophys, in press; arXiv:0811.0429 astro-ph.
8. G. Chauvin et al., Astron. Astrophys. 425, 29 (2004).
9. D. Lafrenière et al., Astrophys J., in press; arXiv:0809.1424v2 astro-ph.
10. P. Kalas et al., Science 322, 1345 (2008); published online 13 November 2008 (10.1126/science.1166609).
11. D. Lafrenière et al., Astrophys. J. 660, 770 (2007).
12. V. Mannings, A. I. Sargent, Astrophys. J. 490, 792 (1997).
13. S. J. Weidenschilling, Astrophys. Space Sci. 51, 153 (1977).
14. V. Bujarrabal, K. Young, D. Fong, Astron. Astrophys. 483, 839 (2008).
15. J. Johnson et al., Astrophys. J. 670, 833 (2007).
16. E. van Leeuwen, Astron. Astrophys. 474, 653 (2007).
17. R. O. Gray, A. B. Kaye, Astron. J. 118, 2993 (1999).
18. K. Sadakane, M. Nishida, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 98, 685 (1986).
19. J. H. Rhee, I. Song, B. Zuckerman, M. McElwain, Astrophys. J. 660, 1556 (2007).
20. A. Moór et al., Astrophys. J. 644, 525 (2006).
21. J. P. Williams, S. M. Andrews, Astrophys. J. 653, 1480 (2006).
22. R. E. Wilson, General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities (Carnegie Institute, Washington, DC, Publ. 601, 1953).
23. J. R. Stauffer, G. Schultz, J. D. Kirkpatrick, Astrophys. J. 499, 199 (1998).
24. J. Najita, J. P. Williams, Astrophys. J. 635, 625 (2005).
25. B. Zuckerman, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 39, 549 (2001).
26. R. O. Gray, C. J. Corbally, Astron. J. 124, 989 (2002).
27. K. Krisciunas, R. A. Crowe, K. D. Luedeke, M. Roberts, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 277, 1404 (1995).
28. C. Marois et al., Astrophys. J. 641, 556 (2006).
29. D. Lafrenière et al., Astrophys. J. 660, 770 (2007).
30. F. Royer, J. Zorec, A. E. Gómez, Astron. Astrophys. 463, 671 (2007).
31. S. L. Casewell et al., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 378, 1131 (2007).
32. D. A. Golimowski et al., Astrophys. J. 127, 3516 (2004).
33. M. S. Marley et al., Astrophys. J. 655, 541 (2007).
34. I. Baraffe et al., Astron. Astrophys. 402, 701 (2003).
35. S. Ida, D. N. C. Lin, Astrophys. J. 626, 1045 (2005).
36. S. Ida, D. N. C. Lin, Astrophys. J. 616, 567 (2004).
37. J. J. Lissauer, Icarus 69, 249 (1987).
38. W. K. M. Rice, P. J. Armitage, Astrophys. J. 598, 55 (2003).
39. A. P. Boss, Science 276, 1836 (1997).
40. R. R. Rafikov, Astrophys. J. 621, 69 (2005).
41. D. Saumon, M. S. Marley, Astrophys J., arXiv:0808.2611 (2008).
42. C. Ducourant et al., Astron. Astrophys. 477, 1 (2008).
43. We thank the Keck and Gemini staff, particularly T. Armandroff, B. Goodrich, and J.-R. Roy, for support with the follow-up observations. We thank the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) galactic center team, especially J. Lu, for the NIRC2 plate scale and North orientation errors. We are indebted to E. Becklin and R. Racine for their contributions in the earliest stages of this research. C.M. and D.L. are supported in part through postdoctoral fellowships from the Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies. Portions of this research were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and also supported in part by the NSF Science and Technology CfAO, managed by the University of California-Santa Cruz under cooperative agreement AST 98-76783. We acknowledge support by NASA grants to UCLA and Lowell Observatory. R.D. is supported through a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The data were obtained at the W.M. Keck and Gemini Observatories. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey and the SIMBAD database (http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad).