메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 220, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 175-191

A spatially explicit model to predict future landscape composition of aspen woodlands under various management scenarios

Author keywords

Fire regimes; Landscape dynamics; Prescribed fire; Successional model; TELSA; VDDT; Western aspen

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; EARTH SCIENCES; FORESTRY; MANAGEMENT; OCEAN HABITATS; ROTATION; VEGETATION; WATER;

EID: 56949094879     PISSN: 03043800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.09.010     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0028980239 scopus 로고
    • Classification of multispectral images based on fractions of endmembers: application to land-cover change in the Brazilian Amazon
    • Adams J.B., Sabol D.E., Kapos V., Filho R.A., Roberts D.A., Smith M.O., and Gillespie A.R. Classification of multispectral images based on fractions of endmembers: application to land-cover change in the Brazilian Amazon. Remote Sens. Environ. 52 (1995) 137-154
    • (1995) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.52 , pp. 137-154
    • Adams, J.B.1    Sabol, D.E.2    Kapos, V.3    Filho, R.A.4    Roberts, D.A.5    Smith, M.O.6    Gillespie, A.R.7
  • 2
    • 0003370334 scopus 로고
    • Aspen in the central Rocky Mountain region
    • Baker F.S. Aspen in the central Rocky Mountain region. USDA Bull. 1291 (1925) 47
    • (1925) USDA Bull. , vol.1291 , pp. 47
    • Baker, F.S.1
  • 3
    • 0011287471 scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic variation of trembling aspen in Western North America
    • Barnes B.V. Phenotypic variation of trembling aspen in Western North America. For. Sci. 22 (1975) 319-328
    • (1975) For. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 319-328
    • Barnes, B.V.1
  • 4
    • 6344286673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape Dynamics of Aspen and Conifer Forests
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Bartos D.L. Landscape Dynamics of Aspen and Conifer Forests. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 5-14
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 5-14
    • Bartos, D.L.1
  • 5
    • 0001870582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decline of Quaking Aspen in the Interior West-examples from Utah
    • Bartos D.L., and Campbell R.B. Decline of Quaking Aspen in the Interior West-examples from Utah. Rangelands 20 (1998) 17-24
    • (1998) Rangelands , vol.20 , pp. 17-24
    • Bartos, D.L.1    Campbell, R.B.2
  • 6
    • 0000317551 scopus 로고
    • Early succession in aspen communities following fire in western Wyoming
    • Bartos D.L., and Mueggler W.F. Early succession in aspen communities following fire in western Wyoming. J. Range Manage. 34 (1981) 315-318
    • (1981) J. Range Manage. , vol.34 , pp. 315-318
    • Bartos, D.L.1    Mueggler, W.F.2
  • 7
    • 56949088609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bartos, D.L., Mueggler, W.F., Campbell, R.J., 1991. Regeneration of aspen by suckering on burned sites in western Wyoming, Forest Research Paper INT-448, USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah, 10 pp.
    • Bartos, D.L., Mueggler, W.F., Campbell, R.J., 1991. Regeneration of aspen by suckering on burned sites in western Wyoming, Forest Research Paper INT-448, USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah, 10 pp.
  • 8
    • 56949107268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration of aspen woodland invaded by western juniper: applications of partial cutting and prescribed fire
    • August 24-26, Victoria, BC, Canada
    • Bates J.D., and Miller R.F. Restoration of aspen woodland invaded by western juniper: applications of partial cutting and prescribed fire. 16th International Conference, Society for Ecological Restoration. August 24-26, Victoria, BC, Canada (2004)
    • (2004) 16th International Conference, Society for Ecological Restoration
    • Bates, J.D.1    Miller, R.F.2
  • 9
    • 31844448515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration of Quaking Aspen Woodlands Invaded by Western Juniper
    • Bates J.D., Miller R.F., and Davies K.W. Restoration of Quaking Aspen Woodlands Invaded by Western Juniper. Range Ecol. Manage. 59 (2004) 88-97
    • (2004) Range Ecol. Manage. , vol.59 , pp. 88-97
    • Bates, J.D.1    Miller, R.F.2    Davies, K.W.3
  • 10
    • 0000609554 scopus 로고
    • Some ecological consequences of a computer model of forest growth
    • Botkin D.B., Janak J.F., and Wallis J.R. Some ecological consequences of a computer model of forest growth. J. Ecol. 60 (1972) 849-873
    • (1972) J. Ecol. , vol.60 , pp. 849-873
    • Botkin, D.B.1    Janak, J.F.2    Wallis, J.R.3
  • 11
    • 56949088739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brown, J.K., DeByle, N.V., 1989. Effects of prescribed fire on biomass and plant succession in Western aspen, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Research Paper INT-412, Ogden, Utah.
    • Brown, J.K., DeByle, N.V., 1989. Effects of prescribed fire on biomass and plant succession in Western aspen, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Research Paper INT-412, Ogden, Utah.
  • 12
    • 56949094835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bunting, S.C., Kingery, J.L., Strand, E.K., 1999. Effects of succession on species richness of the western juniper/sagebrush mosaic. Ecology and management of pinyon-juniper communities within the Interior West. USDA Forest Service GTR-RMRS-P-9, pp. 76-81.
    • Bunting, S.C., Kingery, J.L., Strand, E.K., 1999. Effects of succession on species richness of the western juniper/sagebrush mosaic. Ecology and management of pinyon-juniper communities within the Interior West. USDA Forest Service GTR-RMRS-P-9, pp. 76-81.
  • 13
    • 50549098197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape characteristics of sagebrush-steppe/juniper woodland mosaics under varying modeled prescribed fire regimes
    • Masters R.E., and Galley K.E.M. (Eds), Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
    • Bunting S.C., Strand E.K., and Kingery J.L. Landscape characteristics of sagebrush-steppe/juniper woodland mosaics under varying modeled prescribed fire regimes. In: Masters R.E., and Galley K.E.M. (Eds). Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems (2007), Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida, USA 50-57
    • (2007) Proceedings of the 23rd Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference: Fire in Grassland and Shrubland Ecosystems , pp. 50-57
    • Bunting, S.C.1    Strand, E.K.2    Kingery, J.L.3
  • 14
    • 0001480045 scopus 로고
    • Causes of juniper invasion in southwestern Idaho
    • Burkhardt J.W., and Tisdale E.W. Causes of juniper invasion in southwestern Idaho. Ecology 57 (1976) 472-484
    • (1976) Ecology , vol.57 , pp. 472-484
    • Burkhardt, J.W.1    Tisdale, E.W.2
  • 15
    • 0038018718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Returning fire to the mountains: can we successfully restore the ecological role of pre-European fire regimes to the Sierra Nevada?
    • Cole D.N., McCool S.F., Borrie W.T., and O'Loughlin J. (Eds). May 23-29, 1999, Missoula, Montana, RMRS-P-15-Vol5. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Res. Sta., Ogden, Utah
    • Caprio A.C., and Graber D.M. Returning fire to the mountains: can we successfully restore the ecological role of pre-European fire regimes to the Sierra Nevada?. In: Cole D.N., McCool S.F., Borrie W.T., and O'Loughlin J. (Eds). Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference, vol. 5: Wilderness Ecosystems, Threats, and Management. May 23-29, 1999, Missoula, Montana, RMRS-P-15-Vol5. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Res. Sta., Ogden, Utah (2000) 233-241
    • (2000) Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference, vol. 5: Wilderness Ecosystems, Threats, and Management , pp. 233-241
    • Caprio, A.C.1    Graber, D.M.2
  • 16
    • 0001267950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed and seedling ecology of pinyon and juniper species in the pygmy woodlands of western
    • Chambers J.C., Vander Wall S.B., and Schupp E.W. Seed and seedling ecology of pinyon and juniper species in the pygmy woodlands of western. N. Am. Bot. Rev. 65 (1999) 1-38
    • (1999) N. Am. Bot. Rev. , vol.65 , pp. 1-38
    • Chambers, J.C.1    Vander Wall, S.B.2    Schupp, E.W.3
  • 17
    • 2342519518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using lidar and effective LAI data to evaluate IKONOS and Landsat 7 ETM+ vegetation cover estimates in a ponderosa pine forest
    • Chen X., Vierling L.A., Rowell E., and DeFelice T. Using lidar and effective LAI data to evaluate IKONOS and Landsat 7 ETM+ vegetation cover estimates in a ponderosa pine forest. Remote Sens. Environ. 91 (2004) 14-26
    • (2004) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.91 , pp. 14-26
    • Chen, X.1    Vierling, L.A.2    Rowell, E.3    DeFelice, T.4
  • 18
    • 0344242587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity: aspen stands have the lead, but will nonnative species take over?
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Chong G.W., Simonson S.E., Stohlgren T.J., and Kalkhan M.A. Biodiversity: aspen stands have the lead, but will nonnative species take over?. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 261-271
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 261-271
    • Chong, G.W.1    Simonson, S.E.2    Stohlgren, T.J.3    Kalkhan, M.A.4
  • 19
    • 0026278621 scopus 로고
    • A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data
    • Congalton R.G. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens. Environ. 37 (1991) 35-46
    • (1991) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.37 , pp. 35-46
    • Congalton, R.G.1
  • 20
    • 0032551520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergy in remote sensing-what's in a pixel?
    • Cracknell A.P. Synergy in remote sensing-what's in a pixel?. Int. J. Remote Sens. 19 (1998) 2025-2047
    • (1998) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.19 , pp. 2025-2047
    • Cracknell, A.P.1
  • 21
    • 0002775060 scopus 로고
    • Wildfire occurrence in aspen in the interior western United States
    • DeByle N.V., Bevins C.D., and Fischer W.C. Wildfire occurrence in aspen in the interior western United States. Western J. Appl. For. 2 (1987) 73-76
    • (1987) Western J. Appl. For. , vol.2 , pp. 73-76
    • DeByle, N.V.1    Bevins, C.D.2    Fischer, W.C.3
  • 23
    • 0033117598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping vegetation, soils, and geology in semiarid shrublands using spectral matching and mixture modeling of SWIR AVIRIS imagery
    • Drake N.A., Mackin S., and Settle J.J. Mapping vegetation, soils, and geology in semiarid shrublands using spectral matching and mixture modeling of SWIR AVIRIS imagery. Remote Sens. Environ. 68 (1998) 12-25
    • (1998) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.68 , pp. 12-25
    • Drake, N.A.1    Mackin, S.2    Settle, J.J.3
  • 24
    • 56949088058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ek, A.R., Monserud, R.A., 1974. FOREST: a computer model for the growth and reproduction of mixed species forest stands. Research Report A2635. College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
    • Ek, A.R., Monserud, R.A., 1974. FOREST: a computer model for the growth and reproduction of mixed species forest stands. Research Report A2635. College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
  • 25
    • 56949087374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESRI, 1999-2005. ArcGIS version 9.1 Environmental Systems Research Institute Inc., Redlands, California. Web site: http://www.esri.com.
    • ESRI, 1999-2005. ArcGIS version 9.1 Environmental Systems Research Institute Inc., Redlands, California. Web site: http://www.esri.com.
  • 29
    • 0142094859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction among cervids, fungi, and aspen in northwest Wyoming
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Hart J.H., and Hart D.L. Interaction among cervids, fungi, and aspen in northwest Wyoming. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 197-205
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 197-205
    • Hart, J.H.1    Hart, D.L.2
  • 30
    • 56949106704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heide, S.C., 2002. Comparison of methods to detect conifer encroachment into aspen stands using Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.
    • Heide, S.C., 2002. Comparison of methods to detect conifer encroachment into aspen stands using Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.
  • 31
    • 0036843653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspen, elk, and fire: the effects of human institutions on ecosystem processes
    • Hessl A. Aspen, elk, and fire: the effects of human institutions on ecosystem processes. Bioscience 52 (2002) 1011-1022
    • (2002) Bioscience , vol.52 , pp. 1011-1022
    • Hessl, A.1
  • 32
    • 0037493771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A per-segment approach to improving aspen mapping from high-resolution remote sensing imagery
    • Heyman O., Gaston G.G., Kimberling A.J., and Campbell J.T. A per-segment approach to improving aspen mapping from high-resolution remote sensing imagery. J. For. 4 (2003) 29-33
    • (2003) J. For. , vol.4 , pp. 29-33
    • Heyman, O.1    Gaston, G.G.2    Kimberling, A.J.3    Campbell, J.T.4
  • 33
    • 56949094175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hinds, T.E., 1985. Diseases. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 87-106.
    • Hinds, T.E., 1985. Diseases. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 87-106.
  • 35
    • 0001088929 scopus 로고
    • The influence of grove size on bird species richness in aspen parklands
    • Jones B.W. The influence of grove size on bird species richness in aspen parklands. Wilson Bull. 105 (1993) 256-264
    • (1993) Wilson Bull. , vol.105 , pp. 256-264
    • Jones, B.W.1
  • 36
    • 56949086986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., 1985a. Fire. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 77-81.
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., 1985a. Fire. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 77-81.
  • 37
    • 56949087247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., 1985b. Other physical factors. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 83-86.
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., 1985b. Other physical factors. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 83-86.
  • 38
    • 56949097810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., Bowers, D.M., 1985. Insects and other invertebrates. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 107-114.
    • Jones, J.R., DeByle, N.V., Bowers, D.M., 1985. Insects and other invertebrates. In: DeByle, Winokur (Eds.), Aspen: Ecology and Management in the Western United States. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-119, pp. 107-114.
  • 39
    • 0003187130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is aspen doomed?
    • Kay C.E. Is aspen doomed?. J. For. 95 (1997) 4-11
    • (1997) J. For. , vol.95 , pp. 4-11
    • Kay, C.E.1
  • 40
    • 0034015821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ungulate herbivory on Utah aspen: assessment of long term exclosures
    • Kay C.E., and Bartos D.L. Ungulate herbivory on Utah aspen: assessment of long term exclosures. J. Range Manage. 53 (2000) 145-153
    • (2000) J. Range Manage. , vol.53 , pp. 145-153
    • Kay, C.E.1    Bartos, D.L.2
  • 41
    • 23044480441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forests in the central Rocky Mountains, USA
    • Kaye M.W., Binkley D., and Stohlgren T.J. Effects of conifers and elk browsing on quaking aspen forests in the central Rocky Mountains, USA. Ecol. Appl. 15 (2005) 1284-1295
    • (2005) Ecol. Appl. , vol.15 , pp. 1284-1295
    • Kaye, M.W.1    Binkley, D.2    Stohlgren, T.J.3
  • 42
    • 0008990840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating vegetation dynamics across multiple scales to assess alternative management strategies
    • 1997 February 17-20, Vancouver B.C. Fort Collins Co, GIS World Books 640 pp.
    • Keane R.E., Long D.G., Basford D., and Levesque B.A. Simulating vegetation dynamics across multiple scales to assess alternative management strategies. Proceedings for GIS '97. 1997 February 17-20, Vancouver B.C. Fort Collins Co, GIS World Books (1997) 640 pp.
    • (1997) Proceedings for GIS '97
    • Keane, R.E.1    Long, D.G.2    Basford, D.3    Levesque, B.A.4
  • 43
    • 0034212727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat patterns in forested landscapes: management practices and the uncertainty associated with natural disturbances
    • Klenner W., Kurz W.A., and Beukema S. Habitat patterns in forested landscapes: management practices and the uncertainty associated with natural disturbances. Comput. Electron. Agric. 27 (2000) 243-262
    • (2000) Comput. Electron. Agric. , vol.27 , pp. 243-262
    • Klenner, W.1    Kurz, W.A.2    Beukema, S.3
  • 44
    • 33745809852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of infrequent fire, elevation and pre-fire vegetation on the persistence of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) in the Flat Tops area, Colorado, USA
    • Kulakowski D., Veblen T.T., and Kurzel B.P. Influences of infrequent fire, elevation and pre-fire vegetation on the persistence of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) in the Flat Tops area, Colorado, USA. J. Biogeogr. 33 (2006) 1397-1413
    • (2006) J. Biogeogr. , vol.33 , pp. 1397-1413
    • Kulakowski, D.1    Veblen, T.T.2    Kurzel, B.P.3
  • 46
    • 56949101384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leica Geosystems, ERDAS® Imagine, 1991-2003. Version 8.7, Leica Geosystems, GIS & Mapping, Atlanta Ga, USA. On line: http://www.leica-geosystems.com/corporate/en/lgs_index.htm.
    • Leica Geosystems, ERDAS® Imagine, 1991-2003. Version 8.7, Leica Geosystems, GIS & Mapping, Atlanta Ga, USA. On line: http://www.leica-geosystems.com/corporate/en/lgs_index.htm.
  • 47
    • 56949103311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in landscape pattern and associated forest succession on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Manier D.J., and Laven R.L. Changes in landscape pattern and associated forest succession on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 15-22
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 15-22
    • Manier, D.J.1    Laven, R.L.2
  • 48
    • 56949084227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McGarigal, K., Romme, W.H., 2003. Simulate landscape changes, GeoWorld July 2003. On line: http://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/rmlands/rmlands.html.
    • McGarigal, K., Romme, W.H., 2003. Simulate landscape changes, GeoWorld July 2003. On line: http://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/rmlands/rmlands.html.
  • 49
    • 31544477432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merzenich, J., Frid, L., 2005. Projecting landscape conditions in Southern Utah using VDDT. In: Bevers, M., Barrett, T.M. (comps.). 2005. Systems Analysis in Forest Resources: Proceedings of the 2003 Symposium; October 7-9, Stevenson, WA. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-656. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, pp. 157-163.
    • Merzenich, J., Frid, L., 2005. Projecting landscape conditions in Southern Utah using VDDT. In: Bevers, M., Barrett, T.M. (comps.). 2005. Systems Analysis in Forest Resources: Proceedings of the 2003 Symposium; October 7-9, Stevenson, WA. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-656. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, pp. 157-163.
  • 50
    • 0032728967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire history and western juniper encroachment in sagebrush steppe
    • Miller R.F., and Rose J.A. Fire history and western juniper encroachment in sagebrush steppe. J. Range Manage. 52 (1999) 550-559
    • (1999) J. Range Manage. , vol.52 , pp. 550-559
    • Miller, R.F.1    Rose, J.A.2
  • 52
    • 0030062292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation and the natural history of quaking aspen
    • Mitton B.J., and Grant M.C. Genetic variation and the natural history of quaking aspen. Bioscience 46 (1996) 25-31
    • (1996) Bioscience , vol.46 , pp. 25-31
    • Mitton, B.J.1    Grant, M.C.2
  • 53
    • 4544314254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LANDIS and forest landscape models
    • Mladenoff D.J. LANDIS and forest landscape models. Ecol. Model. 180 (2004) 7-19
    • (2004) Ecol. Model. , vol.180 , pp. 7-19
    • Mladenoff, D.J.1
  • 54
    • 0024897365 scopus 로고
    • Age distribution and reproduction of intermountain aspen stands
    • Mueggler W.F. Age distribution and reproduction of intermountain aspen stands. Western J. Appl. For. 4 (1989) 41-45
    • (1989) Western J. Appl. For. , vol.4 , pp. 41-45
    • Mueggler, W.F.1
  • 55
    • 56949100040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oregon Climate Service, 1999. Precipitation for Idaho; Average Monthly and Annual (1961-90), digital raster data. University of Idaho Library, Moscow, Idaho, USA. http://inside.uidaho.edu.
    • Oregon Climate Service, 1999. Precipitation for Idaho; Average Monthly and Annual (1961-90), digital raster data. University of Idaho Library, Moscow, Idaho, USA. http://inside.uidaho.edu.
  • 56
    • 0027868356 scopus 로고
    • Forest models defined by field measurements. I. The design of a northeastern forest simulator
    • Pacala S.W., Canham C.D., and Silander Jr. J.A. Forest models defined by field measurements. I. The design of a northeastern forest simulator. Can. J. For. Res. 23 (1993) 1980-1988
    • (1993) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.23 , pp. 1980-1988
    • Pacala, S.W.1    Canham, C.D.2    Silander Jr., J.A.3
  • 57
    • 36348949159 scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing annual rings of diffuse porous tree species
    • Patterson A.E. Distinguishing annual rings of diffuse porous tree species. J. For. 57 (1959) 126
    • (1959) J. For. , vol.57 , pp. 126
    • Patterson, A.E.1
  • 58
    • 56949085062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research Systems Inc., 2005. ENVI software version 4.2. Boulder Colorado, USA.
    • Research Systems Inc., 2005. ENVI software version 4.2. Boulder Colorado, USA.
  • 59
    • 0032156917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping Chaparral in the Santa Monica Mountains Using Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Models
    • Roberts D.A., Gardner M., Church R., Ustin S., Scheer G., and Green R.O. Mapping Chaparral in the Santa Monica Mountains Using Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Models. Remote Sens. Environ. 65 (1998) 267-279
    • (1998) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.65 , pp. 267-279
    • Roberts, D.A.1    Gardner, M.2    Church, R.3    Ustin, S.4    Scheer, G.5    Green, R.O.6
  • 61
    • 14844352614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment, persistence, and growth of aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings in Yellowstone National Park
    • Romme W.H., Turner M.G., Tuskan G.A., and Reed R.A. Establishment, persistence, and growth of aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings in Yellowstone National Park. Ecology 86 (2005) 404-418
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 404-418
    • Romme, W.H.1    Turner, M.G.2    Tuskan, G.A.3    Reed, R.A.4
  • 62
    • 56949108578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roth, A., 2004. Fire patterns within a successional gradient of a sagebrush steppe/juniper woodland. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
    • Roth, A., 2004. Fire patterns within a successional gradient of a sagebrush steppe/juniper woodland. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
  • 63
    • 34247474458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do pine trees in aspen stands increase bird diversity?
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Rumble M.A., Flake L.D., Mills T.R., and Dykstra B.L. Do pine trees in aspen stands increase bird diversity?. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 185-191
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 185-191
    • Rumble, M.A.1    Flake, L.D.2    Mills, T.R.3    Dykstra, B.L.4
  • 64
    • 0036215329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural stage in the Pacific Northwest forests estimated using simple mixing models of multispectral images
    • Sabol Jr. D.E., Gillespie A.R., Adams J.B., Smith M.O., and Tucker C.J. Structural stage in the Pacific Northwest forests estimated using simple mixing models of multispectral images. Remote Sens. Environ. 80 (2002) 1-16
    • (2002) Remote Sens. Environ. , vol.80 , pp. 1-16
    • Sabol Jr., D.E.1    Gillespie, A.R.2    Adams, J.B.3    Smith, M.O.4    Tucker, C.J.5
  • 65
    • 0027334540 scopus 로고
    • Linear mixing and the estimation of ground cover proportions
    • Settle J.J., and Drake N.A. Linear mixing and the estimation of ground cover proportions. Int. J. Remote Sens. 14 (1993) 1159-1177
    • (1993) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.14 , pp. 1159-1177
    • Settle, J.J.1    Drake, N.A.2
  • 66
    • 21044442333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulations to regenerate aspen ecosystems
    • 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18
    • Shepperd W.D. Manipulations to regenerate aspen ecosystems. Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings. 13-15 June 2000, Grand Junction, CO. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-18 (2001) 355-365
    • (2001) Sustaining Aspen in Western Landscapes: Symposium Proceedings , pp. 355-365
    • Shepperd, W.D.1
  • 67
    • 0034869762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Above-and below-ground effects of aspen clonal regeneration and succession to conifers
    • Shepperd W.D., Bartos D.L., and Mata S.A. Above-and below-ground effects of aspen clonal regeneration and succession to conifers. Can. J. For. Res. 31 (2001) 739-745
    • (2001) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.31 , pp. 739-745
    • Shepperd, W.D.1    Bartos, D.L.2    Mata, S.A.3
  • 68
    • 0001070130 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative determination of mineral types and abundances from reflectance spectra using principal component analysis
    • Smith M.O., Johnson P.E., and Adams J.B. Quantitative determination of mineral types and abundances from reflectance spectra using principal component analysis. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985) 792-804
    • (1985) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.90 , pp. 792-804
    • Smith, M.O.1    Johnson, P.E.2    Adams, J.B.3
  • 69
    • 20744436551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-year change in aspen dominance in pure aspen and mixed aspen/conifer stands on the Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado, USA
    • Smith A.E., and Smith F.W. Twenty-year change in aspen dominance in pure aspen and mixed aspen/conifer stands on the Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado, USA. For. Ecol. Manage. 213 (2005) 338-348
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.213 , pp. 338-348
    • Smith, A.E.1    Smith, F.W.2
  • 70
    • 0030619059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pragmatic approach to modeling for wildlife management
    • Starfield A.M. A pragmatic approach to modeling for wildlife management. J. Wildl. Manage. 61 (1997) 261-270
    • (1997) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.61 , pp. 261-270
    • Starfield, A.M.1
  • 72
    • 56949090998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strand, E.K., 2007. Landscape dynamics in aspen and western juniper woodlands on the Owyhee Plateau, Idaho, Chapter 4. Dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
    • Strand, E.K., 2007. Landscape dynamics in aspen and western juniper woodlands on the Owyhee Plateau, Idaho, Chapter 4. Dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
  • 74
    • 0028165628 scopus 로고
    • Landscape dynamics in crown fire ecosystems
    • Turner M.G., and Romme W.H. Landscape dynamics in crown fire ecosystems. Landscape Ecol. 9 (1994) 59-77
    • (1994) Landscape Ecol. , vol.9 , pp. 59-77
    • Turner, M.G.1    Romme, W.H.2
  • 75
    • 56949091503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USDA - NRCS, 1998. Owyhee County digital soil survey, SSURGO, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. On line: http://www.ncgc.nrcs.usda.gov/branch/ssb/products/ssurgo/.
    • USDA - NRCS, 1998. Owyhee County digital soil survey, SSURGO, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. On line: http://www.ncgc.nrcs.usda.gov/branch/ssb/products/ssurgo/.
  • 76
    • 56949089771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USGS, 1999. National Elevation Data, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), EROS Data Center, National Elevation Dataset, Edition: 1. Sioux Falls, SD. On line: http://seamless.usgs.gov.
    • USGS, 1999. National Elevation Data, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), EROS Data Center, National Elevation Dataset, Edition: 1. Sioux Falls, SD. On line: http://seamless.usgs.gov.
  • 77
    • 0035700671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juniper encroachment into aspen in the Northwest Great Basin
    • Wall T.G., Miller R.F., and Svejcar T.J. Juniper encroachment into aspen in the Northwest Great Basin. J. Range Manage. 54 (2001) 691-698
    • (2001) J. Range Manage. , vol.54 , pp. 691-698
    • Wall, T.G.1    Miller, R.F.2    Svejcar, T.J.3
  • 78
    • 56949105480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Western Regional Climate Center, 2003. Division of Atmospheric Sciences. Desert Research Institute. Reno, NV. http://www.wrcc.dri.edu.
    • Western Regional Climate Center, 2003. Division of Atmospheric Sciences. Desert Research Institute. Reno, NV. http://www.wrcc.dri.edu.
  • 79
    • 56949086204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winternitz, B.L., 1980. Birds in aspen. Management of western forests and grasslands for nongame birds. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report INT-86. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT.
    • Winternitz, B.L., 1980. Birds in aspen. Management of western forests and grasslands for nongame birds. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report INT-86. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT.
  • 80
    • 56949092010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yanish, C., 2002. Western juniper succession: Changing fuels and fire behavior. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.
    • Yanish, C., 2002. Western juniper succession: Changing fuels and fire behavior. M.S. Thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.