Racial Disparities In Trauma Exposure, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Service Use Among Female Patients In Veterans Affairs Primary Care Clinics

Women's Health Issues

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 433-441

  Grubaugh, Anouk L ^a,b   Slagle, David M ^c   Long, Mary ^a,b   Frueh, B Christopher ^d   Magruder, Kathryn M ^a,b  

^a RALPH H JOHNSON VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^d BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; ARTICLE; ASSAULT; CAUCASIAN; CLINICAL TRIAL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HUMAN; INJURY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL SERVICE; MENTAL DISEASE; PHYSICAL DISABILITY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; RACE DIFFERENCE; SELF REPORT; SEXUAL ABUSE; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; STRUCTURED INTERVIEW; VETERAN;

ADULT; ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILD ABUSE; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AMBULATORY CARE FACILITIES; CRIME VICTIMS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; QUESTIONNAIRES; STRESS DISORDERS, TRAUMATIC; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS; VETERANS; VIOLENCE;

EID: 56749176334     PISSN: 10493867     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2008.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. (2004), American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
2. Beals J., Manson S.M., Shore J.H., Friedman M., Ashcraft M., Fairbank J.A., et al. The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among American Indian Vietnam veterans: Disparities and context. Journal of Traumatic Stress 15 (2002) 89-97
3. Blake D.D., Weathers F.W., Nagy L.M., Kaloupek D.G., Gusman F.D., Charney D.S., et al. The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress 8 (1995) 75-90
4. Breslau N., Kessler R.C., Chilcoat H.D., Schultz L.R., Davis G.C., and Andreski P. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma. Archives of General Psychiatry 55 (1998) 626-632
5. Campbell R., and Raja S. The sexual assault and secondary victimization of female veterans: Help-seeking experiences with military and civilian social systems. Psychology of Women Quarterly 29 (2005) 97-106
6. Carney C.P., Sampson T., Voelker M., Woolson R., Thorne P., et al. Women in the Gulf War: Combat experience, exposures, and subsequent health care use. Military Medicine 168 (2003) 654-661
7. Elhai J.D., Reeves A.N., and Frueh B.C. Predictors of mental health and medical service use in veterans presenting with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Services 1 (2004) 111-119
8. Escalona R., Achilles G., Waitzkin H., and Yager J. PTSD and somatization in women treated at a VA primary care clinic. Psychosomatics 45 (2004) 291-296
9. Freeman H.P., and Payne R. Racial injustice in health care. New England Journal of Medicine 342 (2000) 1045
10. Frueh B.C., Brady K.L., and de Arellano M.A. Racial differences in combat-related PTSD: Empirical findings and conceptual issues. Clinical Psychology Review 18 (1998) 287-305
11. Frueh B.C., Elhai J.D., Monnier J., Hamner M.B., and Knapp R.G. Symptom patterns and service use among African American and Caucasian veterans with combat-related PTSD. Psychological Services 1 (2004) 22-30
12. Goldzweig C.L., Balekian T.M., Rolón C., Yano E.M., and Shekelle P.G. The state of women veterans' health research. Results of a systematic literature review. Journal of General Internal Medicine 21, S3 (2006) 82-92
13. Grubaugh A.L., Frueh B.C., Elhai J.D., Monnier J., Knapp R.G., and Magruder K.M. Racial differences in psychiatric symptom patterns and service use in VA primary care clinics. Psychiatric Services 57 (2006) 410-413
14. Hankin C.S., Spiro A., Miller D.R., and Kazis L. Mental disorders and mental health treatment among U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs outpatients: The Veterans Health Study. American Journal of Psychiatry 156 (1999) 1924-1930
15. Hoff R.A., and Rosenheck R.A. The use of VA and non-VA mental health services by female veterans. Medical Care 36 (1998) 1524-1533
16. Khaylis A., Waelde L., and Bruce E. The role of ethnic identity in the relationship of race-related stress to PTSD symptoms among young adults. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation 8 (2007) 91-105
17. Kessler R.C., Sonnega A., Bromet E., Hughes M., and Nelson C.B. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity study. Archives of General Psychiatry 52 (1995) 1048-1060
18. Kilpatrick D.G., Acierno R., Saunders B., Resnick H.S., Best C.L., and Schnurr P.P. Risk factors for adolescent substance abuse and dependence: Data from a national sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68 (2000) 19-30
19. Kimerling R., Gima K., Smith M.W., Street A., and Frayne S. The Veterans Health Administration and military sexual trauma. American Journal of Public Health 97 (2007) 2160-2166
20. Kulka R.A., Schlenger W.E., Fairbank J.A., Hough R.L., Jordan B.K., Marmar C.R., et al. Trauma and the Vietnam War generation: Report of findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (1990), Brunner/Mazel, New York
21. Magruder K.M., Frueh B.C., Knapp R.G., Davis L., Hamner M.B., Martin R.H., et al. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in VA primary care clinics. General Hospital Psychiatry 27 (2005) 169-179
22. McGruder-Johnson A.K., Davidson E.S., Gleaves D.H., Stock W., and Finch J.F. Interpersonal violence and posttraumatic symptomatology: The effects of ethnicity, gender, and exposure to violent events. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 15 (2000) 22-33
23. Norris F.H. Epidemiology of trauma: Frequency and impact of different potentially traumatic events on different demographic groups. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 60 (1992) 409-418
24. Pole N., Gone J.P., and Kulkarni M. Posttraumatic stress disorder among ethnoracial minorities in the United States. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 15 (2008) 35-61
25. Resnick H.S., Best C.L., Kilpatrick D.G., Freedy J.R., and Falsetti S.A. Psychometric review of Trauma Assessment for Adults (TAA). In: Stamm B.H. (Ed). Measurement of stress, trauma, and adaptation (1996), Sidran Press, Lutherville, MD
26. Resnick H.S., Kilpatrick D.G., Dansky B.S., Saunders B.E., and Best C.L. Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61 (1993) 984-991
27. Richardson R.D., Engel Jr. C.C., Hunt S.C., McKnight K., and McFall M. Are veterans seeking veterans affairs' primary care as healthy as those seeking department of defense primary care? A look at gulf war veterans' symptoms and functional status. Psychosomatic Medicine 64 (2002) 676-683
28. Rosenheck R., and Fontana A. Utilization of mental health services by minority veterans of the Vietnam era. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 182 (1994) 685-691
29. Ruef A.M., Litz B.T., and Schlenger W.E. Hispanic ethnicity and risk for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 6 (2000) 235-251
30. Sadler A.G., Booth B.M., Mengeling M.A., and Doebbeling B.N. Life span and repeated violence against women during military service: Effects on health status and outpatient utilization. Journal of Women's Health 13 (2004) 799-811
31. Schnurr P.P., Friedman M.J., Sengupta A., Jankowski M.K., and Holmes T. PTSD and utilization of medical treatment services among male Vietnam veterans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 188 (2000) 496-504
32. Sheehan D.V., Lecrubier Y., Sheehan K.H., Amorim P., Janavs J., Weiller E., et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59 Suppl 20 (1998) 22-33
33. Stein M.B., Lang A.J., Laffaye C., Satz L.E., Lenox R.J., and Dresselhaus T.R. Relationship of sexual assault history to somatic symptoms and health anxiety in women. General Hospital Psychiatry 26 (2004) 178-183
34. Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2000). Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of violence against women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey. Available: http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183781.pdf. Accessed November 1, 2005
35. Turner R.J., and Lloyd D.A. Stress burden and lifetime incidence of psychiatric disorder in young adults: Racial and ethnic contrasts. Archives of General Psychiatry 61 (2004) 481-488
36. VA Health Care for Women: Progress made in providing services to women veterans. Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Veterans' Affairs. House of Representatives. Publication GAO/HEHS-99-38 (1999), US General Accounting Office, Washington, DC
37. Ware J.E., and Sherbourne C.D. The MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care 30 (1992) 473-483
38. Washington D.L., Kleimann S., Michelini A.N., Kleimann K.M., and Canning M. Women veterans' perceptions and decision-making about Veterans Affairs healthcare. Military Medicine 172 (2007) 812-817
39. Weiss T.W. Improvements in VA health services for women veterans. Women & Health 23 (1995) 1-12
40. Yaeger D., Himmelfarb N., Cammack A., and Mintz J. DSM-IV diagnosed posttraumatic stress disorder in women veterans with and without military sexual trauma. Journal of General Internal Medicine 21 (2006) 65-69
41. Yeager D.E., Magruder K.M., Knapp R.G., Nicholas J.S., and Frueh B.C. Performance characteristics of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and SPAN in Veterans Affairs primary care settings. General Hospital Psychiatry 29 (2007) 294-301
42. Young A.S., Klap R., Sherbourne C.D., and Wells K.B. The quality of care for depressive and anxiety disorders in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry 58 (2001) 55-61
43. Zinzow H.M., Grubaugh A.L., Monnier J., Suffoleta-Maierle S., and Frueh B.C. Trauma among female veterans: A critical review. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse 8 (2007) 384-400