Primary care approach to proteinuria

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 569-574

  Naderi, Amir Said Alizadeh ^a   Reilly, Robert F ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b VA NORTH TEXAS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMYLOIDOSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY DISEASE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; PATIENT EDUCATION; PREECLAMPSIA; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PROTEINURIA; REVIEW; URINALYSIS;

ALGORITHMS; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY DISEASES; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; PROTEINURIA;

EID: 56749151416     PISSN: 15572625     EISSN: 15587118     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.06.070080     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Adams F. The genuine works of Hippocrates, vol 2. London: C & J Adlars Printers; 1849.
2. Bright R. Cases and observations, illustrative of renal disease accompanied with the secretion of albuminous urine. London Medical Gazette 1835;72-74.
3. Cameron JS. Milk or albumin? The history of proteinuria before Richard Bright. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18:1281-5.
4. Carroll MF, Temte JL. Proteinuria in adults: a diagnostic approach. Am Fam Physician 2000;62:1333-40.
5. Remuzzi G, Schieppati A, Ruggenenti P. Clinical practice. Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1145-51.
6. Viberti GC, Hill RD, Jarrett RJ, Argyropoulos A, Mahmud U, Keen H. Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1982;1:1430-2.
7. Parvanova AI, Trevisan R, Iliev IP, et al. Insulin resistance and microalbuminuria: a cross-sectional, case-control study of 158 patients with type 2 diabetes and different degrees of urinary albumin excretion. Diabetes 2006;55:1456-62.
8. Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Yi Q, et al. Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. JAMA 2001;286:421-6.
9. Wachtell K, Ibsen H, Olsen MH, et al. Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:901-6.
10. Hillege HL, Fidler V, Diercks GF, et al. Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in general population. Circulation 2002;106:1777-82.
11. Burton C, Harris KP. The role of proteinuria in the progression of chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis 1996;27:765-75.
12. Tryggvason K, Patrakka J and Wartiovaara J. Hereditary proteinuria syndromes and mechanisms of proteinuria. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1387-401.
13. Harvey JM, Howie AJ, Lee SJ, et al. Renal biopsy findings in hypertensive patients with proteinuria. Lancet 1992;340:1435-6.
14. Waugh JJ, Clark TJ, Divakaran TG, Khan KS, Kilby MD. Accuracy of urinalysis dipstick techniques in predicting significant proteinuria in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:769-77.
15. Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, et al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78:21-33.
16. Ginsberg JM, Chang BS, Matarese RA, Garella S. Use of single voided urine samples to estimate quantitative proteinuria. N Engl J Med 1983;309:1543-6.
17. Schwab SJ, Christensen RL, Dougherty K, Klahr S. Quantitation of proteinuria by the use of protein-to-creatinine ratios in single urine samples. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:943-4.
18. Chitalia VC, Kothari J, Wells EJ, et al. Cost-benefit analysis and prediction of 24-hour proteinuria from the spot urine protein-creatinine ratio. Clin Nephrol 2001;55:436-47.
19. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49:S12-154.
20. Bazzi C, Petrini C, Rizza V, Arrigo G, Beltrame A, D'Amico G. Characterization of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritides. SDS-PAGE patterns: clinical significance and prognostic value of low molecular weight ("tubular") proteins. Am J Kidney Dis 1997;29:27-35.
21. Reichert LJ, Koene RA, Wetzels JF. Urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin predicts renal outcome in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995;6:1666-9.
22. Wilmer WA, Rovin BH, Hebert CJ, Rao SV, Kumor K, Hebert LA. Management of glomerular proteinuria: a commentary. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003;14:3217-32.
23. Keren DF. Procedures for the evaluation of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999;123:126-32.
24. Poortmans JR. Postexercise proteinuria in humans. Facts and mechanisms. JAMA 1985;253:236-40.
25. Houser MT, Jahn MF, Kobayashi A, Walburn J. Assessment of urinary protein excretion in the adolescent: effect of body position and exercise. J Pediatr 1986;109:556-61.
26. Robinson RR. Isolated proteinuria in asymptomatic patients. Kidney Int 1980;18:395-406.
27. Rytand DA, Spreiter S. Prognosis in postural (orthostatic) proteinuria: forty to fifty-year follow-up of 6 patients after diagnosis by Thomas Addis. N Engl J Med 1981;305:618-21.