Case study feasibility analysis of renewable energy supply options for small to medium-sized tourist accommodations

Renewable Energy

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1134-1144

  Dalton, G J ^a   Lockington, D A ^a   Baldock, T E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

Micro generation stand alone renewable energy supply; Net present cost; Optimisation software; Payback time; Small to medium tourist hotel accommodation; Wind energy conversion systems

Indexed keywords

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COSTS; DIESEL FUELS; ELECTRIC BATTERIES; ELECTRIC LOAD FORECASTING; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE EMISSION; ENERGY CONVERSION; FUEL CELLS; FUEL STORAGE; HYDROGEN; HYDROGEN FUELS; HYDROGEN STORAGE; RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES;

MICRO-GENERATION STAND-ALONE RENEWABLE ENERGY SUPPLY; NET PRESENT COST; OPTIMISATION SOFTWARE; PAYBACK TIME; SMALL TO MEDIUM TOURIST HOTEL ACCOMMODATION; WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS;

WIND POWER;

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ELECTRICITY SUPPLY; FEASIBILITY STUDY; OPTIMIZATION; RENEWABLE RESOURCE; TOURIST DESTINATION; WIND POWER;

EID: 56649097451     PISSN: 09601481     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2008.06.018     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Lee-Ross D. Australia and the small to medium-sized hotel sector. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 10 5 (1998) 177-179
2. Dalton G.J., Lockington D.A., and Baldock T.E. A survey of tourist attitudes to renewable energy supply in Australian hotel accommodation. Renewable Energy 33 10 (2008) 2174-2185
3. Sauter R., and Watson J. Strategies for the deployment of micro-generation: implications for social acceptance. Energy Policy 35 5 (2007) 2770-2779
4. Bahaj A.S., Myers L., and James P.A.B. Urban energy generation: influence of micro-wind turbine output on electricity consumption in buildings. Energy and Buildings 39 2 (2007) 154-165
5. Hobson K., and Essex S. Sustainable tourism: a view from accommodation businesses. The Service Industries Journal 21 4 (2001) 133-146
6. Dalton GJ. Perceptions, performance and economics of renewable energy supply within the Australian tourism industry. PhD thesis, University of Queensland: Brisbane, Australia; 2007.
7. Twidell M. Power to the outback. IEE Review 34 7 (1988) 268-269
8. Lowe D., and Lloyd C.R. Renewable energy systems for remote areas in Australia. Renewable Energy 22 1-3 (2001) 369-378
9. Dalton G.J., Lockington D.A., and Baldock T.E. A survey of tourist operator attitudes to renewable energy supply in Queensland, Australia. Renewable Energy 32 4 (2007) 567-586
10. Lloyd B. Renewable energy in remote Australian communities (Bushlight study). Available from: (2000), Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Renewable Energy (ARCE).
11. Watt M. Available from:. Reference proceedings of the 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Washington, DC, USA (1996), IEEE. 19-24
12. International Energy Agency (IEA). Trends in PV applications - a survey of selected IEA countries. Report IEA-PVPS T1-13. Available from: ; 2003.
13. Bakos G.C., and Soursos M. Techno-economic assessment of a stand-alone PV/hybrid installation for low-cost electrification of a tourist resort in Greece. Applied Energy 73 2 (2003) 183-193
14. Bechrakis D.A., McKeogh E.J., and Gallagher P.D. Simulation and operational assessment for a small autonomous wind-hydrogen energy system. Energy Conversion and Management 47 1 (2006) 46-59
15. Dalton G.J., Lockington D.A., and Baldock T.E. Feasibility analysis of stand-alone renewable energy supply options for a large hotel. Renewable Energy 33 7 (2008) 1475-1490
16. Corbus D, Bergey M. Costa de Cocos 11-kW wind-diesel hybrid system. United States. ; 1997; 14p.
17. Ellis A., Estrada L., Newcomb C., and Corbus D. Costa de Cocos wind diesel hybrid system. Available from: (2000), National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL).
18. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Switched on: renewable energy opportunities in the tourism industry. Available from: (2006).
19. UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Energy and tourism, Switched ON. Available from: (2006).
20. Advanced Energy Systems (AES). Belize hybrid power station. Available from: (1996).
21. Wills R. The AES advanced 60kW PV-diesel hybrid inverter. In: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Conference Record of the Twenty-Sixth IEEE; 1997. p.1157-60.
22. Bohdanowicz P., and Martinac I. Determinants and benchmarking of resource consumption in hotels-case study of Hilton International and Scandic in Europe. Energy and Buildings 39 1 (2007) 82-95
23. Kaldellis J.K., Kavadias K., and Christinakis E. Evaluation of the wind-hydro energy solution for remote islands. Energy Conversion and Management 42 9 (2001) 1105-1120
24. Bakos G.C., and Soursos M. Technical feasibility and economic viability of a grid-connected PV installation for low cost electricity production. Energy and Buildings 34 7 (2002) 753-758
25. Bernal-Agustin J.L., and Dufo-Lopez R. Economical and environmental analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Spain. Renewable Energy 31 (2006) 1107-1128
26. Byrne J. Economics of building PV in China. Available from:. Green Building Workshop (2001), Pacific Energy Centre, Shanghai, China.
27. Fernandez-Infantes A., Contreras J., and Bernal-Agustin J.L. Design of grid connected PV systems considering electrical, economical and environmental aspects: a practical case. Renewable Energy 31 13 (2006) 2042-2062
28. Rehman S., Bader M.A., and Al-Moallem S.A. Cost of solar energy generated using PV panels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 11 8 (2007) 1843-1857
29. Rhoads-Weaver H., and Grove J. Exploring joint green tag financing and marketing models for energy independence. Available from:. Conference Proceedings of Global Windpower (2004), NREL.
30. US DOE. Small Wind Electric Systems. Available from: (2001), NREL.
31. Corkish R. Can solar cells ever recapture the energy invested in their manufacture?. Australia and New Zealand Solar Energy Society 18 2 (1997) 16-17
32. Turner J. A realizable renewable energy future. Science 285 (1999) 687-689
33. Edwards J.L., Wiser R., Bolinger M., and Forsyth T. Building a market for small wind: the break-even turnkey cost of residential wind systems in the United States. Available from: (2004), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (US).
34. Dalton GJ, Lockington DA, Baldock TE. Feasibility analysis of renewable energy supply options for a grid-connected large hotel. Renewable Energy; 2008, in press.
35. Forsyth T., Tu P., and Gilbert J. Economics of grid-connected small wind turbines in the domestic market. Available from: (2002), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).
36. Agalgaonkar A.P., Dobariya C.V., Kanabar M.G., Khaparde S.A., and Kulkarni S.V. Optimal sizing of distributed generators in MicroGrid. Available from: (2005), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, New Delhi, India.
37. Yang D. Local photovoltaic wind hybrid system with battery storage or grid connection. Available from: (2004), NREL.
38. Ahmad G.E., and El Shenawy E.T. Optimized photovoltaic system for hydrogen production. Renewable Energy 31 7 (2006) 1043-1054
39. Korpas M. Hydrogen as a Storage Medium for Renewable Energy. Available from: (2000), Department of Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
40. Khan M.J., and Iqbal M.T. Pre-feasibility study of stand-alone hybrid energy systems for applications in Newfoundland. Renewable Energy 30 6 (2005) 835-854
41. Cotrell J., and Pratt W. Modelling the feasibility of using fuel cells and hydrogen internal combustion engines in remote renewable energy systems. Available from:. Windpower Conference and Exposition (2003), NREL.
42. Zoulias E.I., and Lymberopoulos N. Techno-economic analysis of the integration of hydrogen energy technologies in renewable energy-based stand-alone power systems. Renewable Energy 32 4 (2007) 680-696
43. Givler T., and Lilienthal P. Explore the role of gensets in small solar power systems. Available from: (2005), NREL, US.
44. Apold C., and Morelli J. Design and modelling of a zero-emission power system for Coral Harbour, Nunavut. Canadian Undergraduate Physics Journal 3 1 (2004) 7-11
45. Jorgenson D.W., and Wilcoxen P.J. Reducing US carbon dioxide emissions: an assessment of different instruments. Journal of Policy Modeling 15 5&6 (1993) 491-520
46. Zhang Z. An assessment of the EU proposal for ceilings on the use of Kyoto flexibility mechanisms. Ecological Economics 37 1 (2001) 53-69
47. Lambert T., and Lilienthal P. HOMER: the micro-power optimisation model. Available from: (2004), Software produced by NREL.
48. Devine M., Manwell J., Baring-Gould E.L., and Petrie B. Wind-diesel hybrid options for remote villages in Alaska. Available from: (2000), U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Powering America Program.
49. Shaahid S.M., El-Amin I., Rehman S., et al. Potential of autonomous/off-grid hybrid wind-diesel power system for electrification of a remote settlement in Saudi Arabia. Wind Engineering 28 5 (2004) 621-628
50. Pratt W., and Boulder C. A preliminary investigation of two small-scale, autonomous wind-hydrogen systems. Available from: (2002), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).
51. Dufo-Lopez R., and Bernal-Agustin J.L. Design and control strategies of PV-diesel systems using genetic algorithms. Solar Energy 79 1 (2005) 33-46
52. Akella A.K., Sharma M.P., and Saini R.P. Optimum utilization of renewable energy sources in a remote area. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 11 5 (2007) 894-908
53. Lillienthal P., Lambert T., and Manwell J.F. Hybrid system modelling suite. Available from: (2000), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).
54. Roth W. Validation of Hybrid 2 and HOMER with the Telecom Repeater Power Supply Data (2002), NREL
55. RETScreen WECS. Wind energy project analysis. RETScreen engineering. Available from: (2006).
56. Wies R.W., Johnson R.A., and Agrawal A.N. Life cycle cost analysis and environmental impacts of integrating wind-turbine generators (WTGs) into standalone hybrid power systems. WSEAS Transactions on Systems 4 9 (2005) 1383-1393
57. Bernal-Agustin J.L., Dufo-Lopez R., and Rivas-Ascaso D.M. Design of isolated hybrid systems minimizing costs and pollutant emissions. Renewable Energy 31 14 (2006) 2227-2244
58. CRCtourism. Tortoise Head guesthouse. Available from: (2000).
59. US Agency for International Development (USAID). Energy and sustainable tourism. Available from: (2006).
60. GreenGlobe21. 30 Makerston Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000. Available from: ; 2007.
61. McClintock C. Improving the energy efficiency of Hinchinbrook Island Resort. Masters thesis, James Cook University; 2001.
62. Advanced Energy Systems (AES). Wilpena Pound tourist resort. Available from: (1998).
63. International Energy Agency (IEA). Photovoltaic power systems programme - Wilpena pound. Available from: (2002).
64. Monsour P. Hybrid energy systems (2001), Renewable Energy Centre, Brisbane Institute of TAFE
65. NASA. Surface meteorology and solar energy. Available from: (2006), Science Mission Directorate, Earth-Sun System Division.
66. Iqbal M.T. A feasibility study of a zero energy home in Newfoundland. Renewable Energy 29 2 (2004) 277-289
67. Ulgen K., and Hepbasli A. Determination of Weibull parameters for wind energy analysis of Izmir, Turkey. International Journal of Energy Research 26 6 (2002) 495-506
68. Brett A.C., and Tuller S.E. The autocorrelation of hourly wind-speed observations. Journal of Applied Meteorology 30 6 (1991) 823-833
69. Barley D.C., and Winn B.C. Optimal dispatch strategy in remote hybrid power systems. Solar Energy 58 4-6 (1996) 165-179
70. Fraser B.W. Three decades of real interest rates. Available from: (1991), The Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, Hobart, Australia.
71. Reserve Bank of Australia. Cash rates. ; 2008.
72. Baranzini A., Goldenberg J., and Speck S. A review of carbon taxes. Ecological Economics 32 3 (2000) 395-412
73. Wang Y. Renewable electricity in Sweden: an analysis of policy and regulations. Energy Policy 34 10 (2006) 1209-1220
74. Ekins P., and Speck S. Competitiveness and exemptions from environmental taxes in Europe. Environmental and Resource Economics 13 4 (1999) 369-396
75. Myer R. Carbon tax too costly, says NZ. The Age. ; 2006.