Ethyl glucuronide excretion in humans following oral administration of and dermal exposure to ethanol

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

Volumn 32, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 594-600

  Rosano, Thomas G ^a   Lin, Jing ^b  

^a ALBANY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b Saratoga Labs   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ETHYLGLUCORINIDE; GLUCURONIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ALCOHOL ABSTINENCE; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; SKIN ABSORPTION; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; URINARY EXCRETION; URINE LEVEL;

EID: 56449090849     PISSN: 01464760     EISSN: 01464760     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jat/32.8.594     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. I.A. Kamil, J.N. Smith, and R.T. Williams. A new aspect of ethanol metabolism: isolation of ethyl-glucuronide. Biochem. J. 51: 32-33 (1952).
2. P.I. Jaakonmaki, K.L. Knox, E.C. Horning, and M.G. Horning. The characterization by gas-liquid chromatography of ethyl β-D-glucosiduronic acid as a metabolite of ethanol in rat and man. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1: 63-70 (1967).
3. G. Schmitt, R. Aderjan, T. Keller, and M. Wu. Ethyl glucuronide: an unusual ethanol metabolite in humans. Synthesis, analytical data, and determination in serum and urine. J. Anal. Toxicol. 19: 91-94 (1995).
4. F.M. Wurst, C. Kempter, S. Seidl, and A. Alt. Ethyl glucuronide - a marker of recent alcohol consumption and a relapse marker with clinical and forensic implications. Alcohol Alcohol. 34: 71-77 (1999).
5. I. Janda and A. Alt. Improvement of ethyl glucuronide determination in human urine and serum by solid-phase extraction. J. Chromatogr. B 758: 229-234 (2001).
6. M. Nishikawa, H. Tsuchihashi, A. Miki, M. Katagi, G. Schmitt, H. Zimmer, T. Keller, and R. Aderjan. Determination of ethyl glucuronide, a minor metabolite of ethanol, in human serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. J. Chromatogr. B 726: 105-110 (1999).
7. N. Stephanson, H. Dahl, A. Helander, and O. Beck. Direct quantification of ethyl glucuronide in clinical urine samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ther. Drug Monit. 24: 645-651 (2002).
8. G. Høiseth, R. Karinen, A. Christophersen, L. Olsen, P.T. Normann, and J. Mørland. A study of ethyl glucuronide in postmortem blood as a marker of antemortem ingestion of alcohol. Forensic Sci. Int. 165: 41-45 (2007).
9. F.M. Wurst, C. Kempter, J. Metzger, S. Seidl, and A. Alt. Ethyl glucuronide: a marker of recent alcohol consumption with clinical and forensic implications. Alcohol 20: 111-116 (2000).
10. M. Goll, G. Schitt, B. Ganßmann, and R.E. Aderjan. Excretion profiles of ethyl glucuronide in human urine after internal dilution. J. Anal. Toxicol. 26: 262-266 (2002).
11. W. Wienmann, P. Schaefer, and A. Thierauf. Confirmation analysis of ethylglucuronide in urine by liquid-chromatography/electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry according to forensic guidelines. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 15: 188-193 (2004).
12. S. Seidl, F.M. Wurst, and A. Alt. Ethyl glucuronide - a biomarker for recent alcohol consumption. Addict. Biol. 6: 205-212 (2001).
13. F.M. Wurst and J. Metzger. The ethanol conjugate ethyl glucuronide is a useful marker of recent alcohol consumption. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 26: 1114-1119 (2002).
14. F.M. Wurst, G.E. Skipper, and W. Weinmann. Ethyl glucuronide - the direct ethanol metabolite on the threshold from science to routine use. Addiction 98: 51-61 (2003).
15. F.M. Wurst, R. Vogel, K. Jachau, A. Varga, C. Alling, A. Alt, and G.E. Skipper. Ethyl glucuronide discloses recent covert alcohol use not detected by standard testing in forensic psychiatric inpatients. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 27: 471-476 (2003).
16. F.M. Wurst, G.A. Wiesbeck, J.W. Metzger, W. Weinmann, and M. Graf. On sensitivity, specificity, and influence of various parameters on ethyl glucuronide levels in urine - results from the WHO/ISBRA study. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 28: 1220-1228 (2004).
17. G.E Skipper, W. Weinmann, A. Thierauf, P. Schaefer, G. Wiesbeck, J.P. Allen, M. Miller, and F.M. Wurst. Ethyl glucuronide: a biomarker to identify alcohol use by health professionals recovering from substance use disorders. Alcohol Alcohol. 39: 445-449 (2004).
18. Substance Abuse Treatment Advisory. The role of biomarkers in the treatment of alcohol use disorders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Volume 5, Issue 4, September 2006.
19. R. Kaushik, W.R. LaCourse, and B. Levine. Determination of ethyl glucuronide in urine using reversed-phase HPLC and pulsed electrochemical detection (Part II). Anal. Chim. Acta 556: 267-274 (2006).
20. A. Helander, I. Olsson, and H. Dahl. Postcollection synthesis of ethyl glucuronide by bacteria in urine may cause false positive identification of alcohol consumption. Clin. Chem. 53: 1855-1857 (2007).
21. A. Helander and H. Dahl. Urinary tract infection: a risk for false-negative urinary ethyl glucuronide but not ethyl sulfate in the detection of recent alcohol consumption. Clin. Chem. 51: 1728-1730 (2005).
22. G. Schmitt, P. Droenner, G. Skopp, and R. Aderjan. Ethyl glucuronide concentration in serum of human volunteers, teetotalers, and suspected drinking drivers. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 1099-1102 (1997).
23. W.S. Bivin and B.N. Heinen. Production of ethanol from infant food formulas by common yeast. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 58: 355-357 (1884).
24. P. Geertinger, J. Bodenhopp, K. Helweg-Larsen, and A. Lund. Endogenous alcohol production and fermentation in sudden infant death. Z. Rechtsmed. 89: 167-172 (1982).
25. D. Picot, R. Lauvin, and R. Hellegouarc'h. Intra-digestive fermentation in intestinal malabsorption syndrome: relations with elevated serum activity of gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase. Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. 21: 562-566 (1997) (in French).
26. E. Jansson-Nettelbladt, S. Meurling, B. Petrini, and J. Sjölin. Endogenous ethanol fermentation in a child with short bowel syndrome. Acta Paediatr. 95: 502-504 (2006).
27. A.W. Jones, C. Mardh, and E. Änggard. Determination of endogenous ethanol in blood and breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 18: 267-272 (1983).
28. A.W. Jones. Forensic science aspects of ethanol metabolism. In Forensic Science Progress, A. Mahley and R.L. Williams, Eds. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 1991, pp 31-89.
29. B.K. Logan and A.W. Jones. Endogenous ethanol "auto-brewery syndrome" as a drunk-driving defense challenge. Med. Sci. Law 40: 206-215 (2000).
30. T.P. Rohrig and W. Ross. Detection of ethylglucuronide in urine following the application of Germ-X. J. Anal. Toxicol. 30: 703-704 (2006).
31. G. Høiseth, J.P. Bernard, R. Karinen, L. Johnsen, A. Helander, A.S. Christophersen, and J. Mørland. A pharmacokinetic study of ethyl glucuronide in blood and urine: applications to forensic toxicology. Forensic Sci. Int. 172: 119-124 (2007).
32. H. Dahl, N. Stephanson, O. Beck, and A. Helander. Comarison of urinary excretion characteristics of ethanol and ethyl glucuronide. J. Anal. Toxicol. 26: 201-204 (2002).