Effect of forage conservation method on microbial flora and fermentation pattern in forage and in equine colon and faeces

Livestock Science

Volumn 119, Issue 1-3, 2008, Pages 116-128

  Muller C E ^a   von Rosen, D ^a   Uden P ^a  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Equine; Grass; Hay; Haylage; Hindgut; Silage

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); EQUIDAE; STREPTOCOCCUS;

EID: 56249126360     PISSN: 18711413     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.03.007     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Alexander F., and Davies M.E. Production and fermentation of lactate by bacteria in the alimentary canal of the horse and pig. J. Comp. Pathol. 73 (1963) 1-8
2. Andersson R., and Hedlund B. HPLC analysis of organic acids in lactic acid fermented vegetables. Z. Lebensm.-Unters. Forsch. 176 (1983) 440-443
3. Argenzio R.A., Southworth M., and Stevens C.E. Sites of organic acid production and absorption in the equine gastrointestinal tract. Am. J. Physiol. 226 (1974) 1043-1050
4. Austbø D., and Volden H. Influence of passage model and caecal cannulation on estimated passage kinetics of roughage and concentrate in the gastrointestinal tract of horses. Livest. Sci. 100 (2006) 33-43
5. Baruc, J.C., Dawson, K.A., Baker, J.P., 1983. The characterization and nitrogen metabolism of equine caecal bacteria. In: Proceedings of the 8th Equine nutrition and physiology symposium, 151-156. University of Kentucky, USA. In: de Fombelle, A., Varloud, M., Goachet, A-G., Jacotot, E., Philippeau, C., Drogoul, C., Julliand, V., 2003. Characterization of the microbial and biochemical profile of the different segments of the digestive tract in horses given two distinct diets. Anim. Sci. 77, 293-304.
6. Billysson, F., 2002. A survey of the feeding of horses at riding schools in southern Sweden (In Swedish, English summary). BSc thesis P 00/02:12. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
7. Bryant M.P., and Burkey L.A. Cultural methods and some characteristics of some of the more numerous groups of bacteria in the bovine rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 36 (1953) 205-217
8. Carlile F.S. Techniques for the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria and clostridia in silage. In: Gordon F.J., and Unsworth E.F. (Eds). Seventh Silage Conference (1984), The Queen's University, Belfast, UK 67-68
9. Chai W., and Udén P. An alternative oven method combined with different detergent strengths in the analysis of neutral detergent fibre. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 74 (1998) 281-288
10. Darby N.W., Mosley J.C., Davitt B.B., and Bohach G.A. Effects of diet on ungulate excretion of Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus equinus in feces. J. Environ. Qual. 24 (1995) 719-724
11. Falk-Rønne J., Gravesen S., Larsen L., and Svenningsen J. Mikroorganismer i luften i en hestestald (In Danish). Dansk Vet. Tidsskr. 67 (1984) 1079-1083
12. Fey K., and Sasse H.H.L. Zur darmflora des Pferedes - Eine Literaturstudie (In German). Pferdeheilkunde 12 (1996) 855-863
13. de Fombelle A., Julliand V., Drogoul C., and Jacotot E. Feeding and microbial disorders in horses: 1 - effect of an abrupt incorporation of two levels of barley in a hay diet on microbial profile and activities. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 21 (2001) 439-445
14. de Fombelle A., Varloud M., Goachet A.-G., Jacotot E., Philippeau C., Drogoul C., and Julliand V. Characterization of the microbial and biochemical profile of the different segments of the digestive tract in horses given two distinct diets. Anim. Sci. 77 (2003) 293-304
15. Garner H.E., Moore J.N., Johnson J.H., Clarke L., Amend J.F., Tritschler L.G., Coffman J.R., Sprouse R.F., Hutcheson D.P., and Salem C.A. Changes in the caecal flora associated with the onset of laminitis. Equine Vet. J. 10 (1978) 249-252
16. 14-glucose. J. Biol. Chem. 184 (1950) 545-549
17. Goodson J., Tyznik W.J., Cline J.H., and Dehority B.A. Effects of an abrupt diet change from hay to concentrate on microbial numbers and physical environment in the cecum of the pony. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 (1988) 1946-1950
18. Graβ S., Zeyner A., Geiβler Ch., and Dittrich A. Untersuchungen zur Kotwasseranalyse (pH, organische säuren, Ammoniak, Pufferkapazität) und zum Kottrockensubstanzgehalt beim Pferd (Investigations on faecal water analysis (pH, organic acids, ammonia, buffer capacity) and dry matter in faeces of horses) (In German). Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol. 6 (1997) 63
19. Halliwell G., and Bryant M.P. The cellulolytic activity of pure strains of bacteria from the rumen of cattle. J. Gen. Microbiol. 32 (1963) 441-448
20. Heron S.J.E., Wilkinson J.F., and Duffus C.M. Enterobacteria associated with grass and silages. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75 (1993) 13-17
21. Hintz H.F., Argenzio R.A., and Schryver H.F. Digestion coefficients, blood glucose levels and molar percentage of volatile fatty acids in intestinal fluid of ponies fed varying forage-grain ratios. J. Anim. Sci. 33 (1971) 992-995
22. Holmquist S., and Müller C.E. Problems related to feeding forages to horses. In: Gechie L.M., and Thomas C. (Eds). Conference Proceedings XIIIth International Silage Conference, Auchincruive, Scotland, UK (2002) 152-153
23. Honig H. Mechanical and respiration losses during prewilting of grass. In: Thomas C. (Ed). Proceedings of a Conference on Forage Conservation in the 80′s. Occasional Symposium no. 11 (1980), British Grassland Society, Berkshire, UK 201
24. In: Jansson A. (Ed). Utfodringsrekommendationer för häst (Feeding recommendations for horses) (2004), Department of Equine Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (In Swedish)
25. Julliand V., de Vaux A., Millet L., and Fonty G. Identification of Ruminococcus flavefaciens as the predominant cellulolytic bacterial species of the equine cecum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65 (1999) 3738-3741
26. Julliand V., de Fombelle A., Drogoul C., and Jacotot E. Feeding and microbial disorders in horses: part 3 - effects of three hay:grain ratios on microbial profile and activities. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 21 (2001) 543-546
27. Julliand V. Impact of nutrition on the microflora of the gastro-intestinal tract in horses. In: Lindner A. (Ed). Proceedings of Equine Nutrition Conference, 1-2 October 2005, Hannover, Germany (2005), Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands
28. Julliand V., and Goachet A.-G. Fecal microflora as a marker of cecal or colonic microflora in horses. In: Lindner A. (Ed). Proceedings of Equine Nutrition Conference, 1-2 October 2005, Hannover, Germany (2005), Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands
29. Kern D.L., Slyter L.L., Weaver J.M., Leffel E.C., and Samuelson G. Pony cecum vs. steer rumen: the effect of oats and hay on the microbial ecosystem. J. Anim. Sci. 37 (1973) 463-469
30. Kern D.L., Slyter L.L., Leffel E.C., Weaver J.M., and Oltjen R.R. Ponies vs steers: microbial and chemical characteristics of intestinal digesta. J. Anim. Sci. 38 (1974) 559-564
31. Kropp, S., 1991. Bakteriologische Untersuchungen zur Zusammensetzung der Darmflora des Pferdes und deren Beeinflussung durch Chemotherapeutika (In German, English summary). Dissertation,. Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, Germany, pp. 11-27.
32. Lacey J. Pre- and post-harvest ecology of fungi causing spoilage of foods and other stored products. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 67 Suppl. (1989) 11S-25S
33. Larsson K., and Bengtsson S. Bestämning av lättillgängliga kolhydrater i växtmaterial. (Determination of water soluble carbohydrates in plant material) (1983), Statens Lantbrukskemiska Laboratorium, Uppsala, Sweden (In Swedish). Method vol. 22
34. Lindgren E. (corr. 1983). Vallfodrets näringsvärde bestämt in vivo och med olika laboratoriemetoder (Forage analysis - method descriptions for sampling and analysis) (1979), Research Information Centre, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (In Swedish). Report 45
35. Lindvall, E., 2000. Attitudes towards wrapped forages, a comparison between riding schools in Dalarna and Skåne (In Swedish, English summary). BSc thesis no, 107. Department of Equine Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
36. Mackie R.I., and Heath S. Enumeration and isolation of lactate-utilizing bacteria from the rumen of sheep. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 38 (1979) 416-421
37. Mackie R.I., and Wilkins C.A. Enumeration of anaerobic bacterial microflora of the equine intestinal tract. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 (1988) 2155-2160
38. Madigan M.T., Martinko J.M., and Parker J. Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 8th ed. (1997), Prentice Hall International, Inc., New Jersey, USA 874
39. McDonald P., Henderson A.R., and Heron S.J.E. The Biochemistry of Silage. 2nd ed. (1991), Chalcombe Publications, Marlow, Bucks, UK 273
40. McGeechan M.B. Susceptibility to losses during mechanical silage and haymaking operations in relation to grass dry matter content. Grass Forage Sci. 43 (1988) 387-393
41. Medina B., Girard I.D., Jactot E., and Julliand V. Effect of a preparation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on microbial profile and fermentation patterns in the large intestine of horses fed a high fibre or a high starch diet. J. Anim. Sci. 80 (2002) 2600-2609
42. Merry R.J., Winters A.L., Thomas P.I., Müller M., and Müller T. Degradation of fructans by epiphytic and inoculated lactic acid bacteria and by plant enzymes during ensilage of normal and sterile hybrid ryegrass. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 79 (1995) 583-591
43. Milinovich G.J., Trott D.J., Burrell P.C., van Eps A.W., Thoefner M.B., Blackall L.L., Al Jassim R.A.M., Morton J.M., and Pollitt C.C. Changes in equine hindgut bacterial populations during oligofructose-induced laminitis. Environ. Microbiol. 8 5 (2006) 885-898
44. Moore B.E., and Dehority B.A. Effects of diet and protozoa on total and cellulolytic bacterial and fungal concentrations in the cecum and colon of the equine. J. Anim. Sci. 70 Suppl. 1 (1992) 240
45. Muhonen S., Julliand V., Lindberg J.E., Bertilsson J., and Jansson A. Effects on the equine colon ecosystem following an abrupt change from hay to haylage or silage. The 20th Symposium of the Equine Science Society, p. 225-226, 5-8 June 2007, Maryland, USA (2007)
46. Müller, G., 2002. Feldstudie zur Versorgung mit Nährstoffen und zu Einflussfaktoren auf die Kotzusammensetzung bei Pferde under Fütterung von Grassilage oder heu als Rauhfutter (in German, English abstract). Dissertation. Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland.
47. Müller C.E., and Udén P. Preference of horses for grass conserved as hay, haylage or silage. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 132 (2007) 66-78
48. Müller C.E., Pauly T.M., and Udén P. Storage of small bale silage and haylage - influence of storage period on fermentation variables and microbial composition. Grass Forage Sci. 62 (2007) 274-283
49. Pulse R.E., Baker J.P., Potter G.D., Hudson W.J., and Goodspeed J.K. Nutrient digestion and indicator retention before and after fistulation in horses. Progress report 196. Kentucky Animal Science Research Report 1971 (1971), University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station
50. Raymond S.L., Curtis E.F., Winfield L.M., and Clarke A.F. A comparison of respirable particles associated with various forage products for horses. Equine Pract. 19 (1997) 23-26
51. Reeves M.J., Salman M.D., and Smith G. Risk factors for equine acute abdominal disease (colic): results from a multi-center case-control study. Prev. Vet. Med. 26 (1996) 285-301
52. Robertson J.B., and Van Soest P.J. The detergent system of analysis. In: James W.P.T., and Theander O. (Eds). The Analysis of Dietary Fibre in Food (1981), Marcel Dekker, N.Y. 123-158
53. Robinson N.E., Derksen F.J., Olszewski M.A., and Buechner-Maxwell V.A. The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of horses. Br. vet. J. 152 (1996) 283-306
54. Ronéus B., Ronéus N., Franklin A., and Jonsson P. Behandling med standardiserad kolikultur vid tarmflorerubbning hos hästar (Treatment of horses with disturbed intestinal microflora using standardised coli culture). (In Swedish). Sven. Veterinärtidn. 45 (1993) 201-204
55. Rowe J.B., Lees M.J., and Pethick D.W. Prevention of acidosis and laminitis associated with grain feeding in horses. J. Nutr. 124 (1994) 2742S-2744S
56. Samson R.A., Hoekstra E.S., and van Oorschot C.A.N. Introduction to Food-borne Fungi (1981), Centralbureau voor schimmelcultures, Institute of the royal Netherlands, Baarn, The Netherlands
57. Seale D.R., Pahlow G., Spoelstra S.F., Lindgren S., Dellaglio F., and Lowe J.F. Methods for the microbiological analysis of silage. In: Lindgren S., and Pettersson K.L. (Eds). Proceedings of the Eurobac Conference, Uppsala, Sweden. Grass and Forage Reports vol. 3 (1986), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 147-164 special issue
58. Smith D. The nonstructural carbohydrates. In: Butler G.W., and Bailey R.W. (Eds). Chemistry and Biochemistry of Herbage vol. I (1973), Academic Press Inc., London, UK Chapter 3
59. Spoelstra S.F. Degradation of nitrate by enterobacteria during silage fermentation of grass. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 35 (1987) 43-54
60. Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., and Lewis B.A. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74 (1991) 3583-3597
61. Vandenput S., Istasse L., Nicks B., and Lekeux P. Airborne dust and aeroallergen concentrations in different sources of feed and bedding for horses. Vet. Q. 19 (1997) 154-158
62. Vandenput S., Duvivier D.H., Votion D., Art T., and Lekeux P. Environmental control to maintain stabled COPD horses in clinical remission: effects on pulmonary function. Equine Vet. J. 30 (1998) 93-96
63. Willard J.G., Willard J.C., Wolfram S.A., and Baker J.P. Effect of diet on cecal pH and feeding behaviour of horses. J. Anim. Sci. 45 (1977) 87-93
64. Wylam C.B. Analytical studies on the carbohydrates of grasses and clovers. III - carbohydrate breakdown during wilting and ensilage. J. Sci. Food Agric. 4 (1953) 527-531
65. Zeigler Leedle J.A., and Hespell R.B. Differential carbohydrate media and anaerobic replica plating techniques in delineating carbohydrate-utilizing subgroups in rumen bacterial populations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 39 (1980) 709-719