Morphology and rheology of compatibilized polymer blends: Diblock compatibilizers vs crosslinked reactive compatibilizers

Journal of Rheology

Volumn 52, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 1385-1404

  Deleo, Candice L ^a   Velankar, Sachin S ^a  

^a University of Pittsburgh   (United States)

Author keywords

Compatibilizer; Emulsion; Immiscible polymer blends; Interfacial skin; Interfacial tension; Reactive compatibilization

Indexed keywords

ABS RESINS; AMINES; BLENDING; COLLOIDS; COPOLYMERIZATION; DROPS; EMULSIFICATION; ENHANCED RECOVERY; EXPERIMENTS; GELATION; GRAFT COPOLYMERS; GRAFTING (CHEMICAL); HYDRODYNAMICS; MALEIC ANHYDRIDE; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PLASTIC PRODUCTS; POLYMER BLENDS; POLYMERS; SILICONES; SKIN; VISCOSITY;

COMPATIBILIZED BLENDS; COMPATIBILIZED POLYMER BLENDS; COPOLYMER ARCHITECTURES; CREEP EXPERIMENTS; CROSSLINKED; CROSSLINKED COPOLYMERS; DIBLOCK; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; ELASTIC RECOVERIES; HOMO POLYMERS; IMMISCIBLE POLYMER BLENDS; INTERFACIAL COUPLINGS; INTERFACIAL CROSSLINKING; INTERFACIAL REACTIONS; INTERFACIAL SKIN; INTERFACIAL TENSION; LOW STRESSES; MODEL BLENDS; MULTI-FUNCTIONAL; NONSMOOTH SURFACES; POLYISOPRENE MATRIXES; PROCESSABILITY; PROCESSING OPERATIONS; REACTIVE CHAINS; REACTIVE COMPATIBILIZATION; REACTIVE COMPATIBILIZERS; TWO TYPES;

COMPATIBILIZERS;

EID: 56049108144     PISSN: 01486055     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1122/1.2995857     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aycock, D. F., and S.-P. Ting, " Polyphenylene ether-polyamide blends.," US Patent No. 4,600,741 (1986).
2. Aycock, D. F., and S.-P. Ting, " Acyl modified polyphenylene ether composition.," US Patent No. 4,642,358 (1987).
3. Baker, W., C. Scott, and G. H. Hu, Reactive Polymer Blending (Hanser Gardner, Cincinnati, 2001a), Chaps. and.
4. Baker, W., C. Scott, and G. H. Hu, Reactive Polymer Blending (Hanser Gardner, Cincinnati, 2001b), Sec. 4.3.
5. Beck Tan, N. C., D. G. Peiffer, and R. M. Briber, " Reactive reinforcement of polystyrene/poly(2-vinylpyridine) interfaces.," Macromolecules 29, 4969-4975 (1996).
6. Beretta, C., and R. A. Weiss, " Miscibility enhancement of polymer blends by interacting functional groups.," Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 56, 556-559 (1987).
7. Brown, S. B., D. J. McFay, I. Yates, B. John, and G. F. Lee, " Solvent-resistant, compatible blends of polyphenylene ethers and thermoplastic polyesters.," US Patent No. 5,079,297 (1992).
8. Cernohous, J. J., C. W. Macosko, and T. R. Hoye, " Anionic synthesis of polymers functionalized with a terminal anhydride group.," Macromolecules 30, 5213-5219 (1997).
9. Chen, L. F., B. Wong, and W. E. Baker, " Melt grafting of glycidyl methacrylate onto polypropylene and reactive compatibilization of rubber toughened polypropylene.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 36, 1594-1607 (1996).
10. Datta, S., and D. J. Lohse, Polymeric Compatibilizers (Hanser, Munich, 1996).
11. Fager, R. S., C. B. Kutina, and E. W. Abrahamson, " Use of NBD chloride (7 chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole) in detecting amino acids and as an N-terminal reagent.," Anal. Biochem. 53, 290-294 (1973).
12. Graebling, D., R. Muller, and J. F. Palierne, " Linear viscoelasticity of incompatible polymer blends in the melt in relation with interfacial properties.," J. Phys. IV 3, 1525-1534 (1993).
13. Hale, W., H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " Compatibilization of PBT/ABS blends by methyl methacrylate glycidyl methacrylate ethyl acrylate terpolymers.," Polymer 40, 365-377 (1999).
14. Hu, Y. T., and A. Lips, " Estimating surfactant surface coverage and decomposing its effect on drop deformation.," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 044501 (2003).
15. Hu, Y. T., D. J. Pine, and L. G. Leal, " Drop deformation, breakup, and coalescence with compatibilizer.," Phys. Fluids 12, 484-489 (2000).
16. Jacobs, U., M. Fahrländer, J. Winterhalter, and C. Friedrich, " Analysis of Palierne's emulsion model in the case of viscoelastic interfacial properties.," J. Rheol. 43, 1497-1509 (1999).
17. Jeon, H. K., C. W. Macosko, B. Moon, T. R. Hoye, and Z. H. Yin, " Coupling reactions of end- vs mid-functional polymers.," Macromolecules 37, 2563-2571 (2004).
18. Kim, H. Y., D. Y. Ryu, U. Jeong, D. H. Kho, and J. K. Kim, " The effect of chain architecture of in situ formed copolymers on interfacial morphology of reactive polymer blends.," Macromol. Rapid Commun. 26, 1428-1433 (2005).
19. Kim, S., J. K. Kim, and C. E. Park, " Effect of molecular architecture of in situ reactive compatibilizer on the morphology and interfacial activity of an immiscible polyolefin/polystyrene blend.," Polymer 38, 1809-1815 (1997).
20. Koning, C., M. Van Duin, C. Pagnoulle, and R. Jerome, " Strategies for compatibilization of polymer blends.," Prog. Polym. Sci. 23, 707-757 (1998).
21. Lee, P. C., W. F. Kuo, and F. C. Chang, " In-situ compatibilization of PBT/ABS blends through reactive copolymers.," Polymer 35, 5641-5650 (1994).
22. Lin, B., F. Mighri, M. A. Huneault, and U. Sundararaj, " Effect of premade compatibilizer and reactive polymers on polystyrene drop deformation and breakup in simple shear.," Macromolecules 38, 5609-5616 (2005).
23. Liu, N. C., H. Q. Xie, and W. E. Baker, " Comparison of the effectiveness of different basic functional-group for the reactive compatibilization of polymer blends.," Polymer 34, 4680-4687 (1993).
24. Majumdar, B., H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " Effect of the nature of the polyamide on the properties and morphology of compatibilized nylon/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blends.," Polymer 35, 5468-5477 (1994).
25. Martin, J., and S. Velankar, " Effects of compatibilizer on immiscible polymer blends near phase inversion.," J. Rheol. 51, 669-692 (2007).
26. Martin, J. D., and S. S. Velankar, " Varying the blending protocol to control the morphology of model compatibilized polymer blends.," AIChE J. 54, 791-801 (2008).
27. Martin, P., J. Devaux, R. Legras, M. van Gurp, and M. van Duin, " Competitive reactions during compatibilization of blends of polybutyleneterephthalate with epoxide-containing rubber.," Polymer 42, 2463-2478 (2001).
28. Oldroyd, J. G., " The elastic and viscous properties of emulsions and suspensions.," Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 218, 122-132 (1953).
29. Oldroyd, J. G., " The effect of interfacial stabilizing films on the elastic and viscous properties of emulsions.," Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 232, 567-577 (1955).
30. Oshinski, A. J., H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " Rubber toughening of polyamides with functionalized block copolymers. 2. Nylon-6,6.," Polymer 33, 284-293 (1992).
31. Oshinski, A. J., H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " The effect of polyamide end-group configuration on morphology and toughness of blends with maleated elastomers.," J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 61, 623-640 (1996).
32. Palierne, J. F., " Linear rheology of viscoelastic emulsions with interfacial tension.," Rheol. Acta 29, 204-214 (1990).
33. Riemann, R. E., H. J. Cantow, and C. Friedrich, " Interpretation of a new interface-governed relaxation process in compatibilized polymer blends.," Macromolecules 30, 5476-5484 (1997).
34. Sailer, C., and U. A. Handge, " Melt viscosity, elasticity, and morphology of reactively compatibilized polyamide 6/styrene-acrylonitrile blends in shear and elongation.," Macromolecules 40, 2019-2028 (2007).
35. Schulze, J. S., J. J. Cernohous, A. Hirao, T. P. Lodge, and C. W. Macosko, " Reaction kinetics of end-functionalized chains at a polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) interface.," Macromolecules 33, 1191-1198 (2000).
36. Sun, Y. J., R. J. G. Willemse, T. M. Liu, and W. E. Baker, " In situ compatibilization of polyolefin and polystyrene using Friedel-Crafts alkylation through reactive extrusion.," Polymer 39, 2201-2208 (1998).
37. Sundararaj, U., and C. W. Macosko, " Drop breakup and coalescence in polymer blends: The effects of concentration and compatibilization.," Macromolecules 28, 2647-2657 (1995).
38. Takeda, Y., H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " Effect of polyamide functionality on the morphology and toughness of blends with a functionalized block copolymer.," Polymer 33, 3173-3181 (1992).
39. Tselios, C., D. Bikiaris, V. Maslis, and C. Panayiotou, " In situ compatibilization of polypropylene-polyethylene blends: A thermomechanical and spectroscopic study.," Polymer 39, 6807-6817 (1998).
40. Van Hemelrijck, E., P. Van Puyvelde, C. W. Macosko, and P. Moldenaers, " The effect of block copolymer architecture on the coalescence and interfacial elasticity in compatibilized polymer blends.," J. Rheol. 49, 783-798 (2005).
41. Van Hemelrijck, E., P. Van Puyvelde, S. Velankar, C. W. Macosko, and P. Moldenaers, " Interfacial elasticity and coalescence suppression in compatibilized polymer blends.," J. Rheol. 48, 143-158 (2004).
42. Velankar, S., P. Van Puyvelde, J. Mewis, and P. Moldenaers, " Effect of compatibilization on the breakup of polymeric drops in shear flow.," J. Rheol. 45, 1007-1019 (2001).
43. Velankar, S., P. Van Puyvelde, J. Mewis, and P. Moldenaers, " Steady-shear rheological properties of model compatibilized blends.," J. Rheol. 48, 725-744 (2004).
44. Wang, J., and S. Velankar, " Strain recovery of model immiscible blends: Effects of added compatibilizer.," Rheol. Acta 45, 741-753 (2006).
45. Wildes, G. S., T. Harada, H. Keskkula, D. R. Paul, V. Janarthanan, and A. R. Padwa, " Synthesis and characterization of an amine-functional SAN for the compatibilization of PC/ABS blends.," Polymer 40, 3069-3082 (1999).
46. Yin, Z., C. Koulic, C. Pagnoulle, and R. Jerome, " Probing of the reaction progress at a PMMA/PS interface by using anthracene-labeled reactive PS chains.," Langmuir 19, 453-457 (2003).
47. Yoon, Y., A. Hsu, and L. G. Leal, " Experimental investigation of the effects of copolymer surfactants on flow-induced coalescence of drops.," Phys. Fluids 19, 023102 (2007).
48. Zhang, H., R. A. Weiss, L. E. Kuder, and D. Cangiano, " Reactive compatibilization of blends containing liquid crystalline polymers.," Polymer 41, 3069-3082 (2000).