메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 519-534

Dancing with a giant: The effect of Wal-Mart's entry into the United Kingdom on the performance of European retailers

Author keywords

Event study; International retailing; Retail power; Wal Mart

Indexed keywords


EID: 56049105181     PISSN: 00222437     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1509/jmkr.45.5.519     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (89)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0001530349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do Domestic Firms Benefit from Direct Foreign Investment? Evidence from Venezuela
    • June
    • Aitken, Brian J. and Ann E. Harrison (1999), "Do Domestic Firms Benefit from Direct Foreign Investment? Evidence from Venezuela," American Economic Review, 89 (June), 605-618.
    • (1999) American Economic Review , vol.89 , pp. 605-618
    • Aitken, B.J.1    Harrison, A.E.2
  • 2
    • 0010203649 scopus 로고
    • The Theory of Stock Market Efficiency: Accomplishments and Limitations
    • Spring
    • Ball, Ray (1995), "The Theory of Stock Market Efficiency: Accomplishments and Limitations," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 8 (Spring), 4-17.
    • (1995) Journal of Applied Corporate Finance , vol.8 , pp. 4-17
    • Ball, R.1
  • 3
    • 0032220626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Expansion Through Start-Up or Acquisition: A Learning Perspective
    • February
    • Barkema, Harry G. and Freek Vermeulen (1998), "International Expansion Through Start-Up or Acquisition: A Learning Perspective," Academy of Management Journal, 41 (February), 7-26.
    • (1998) Academy of Management Journal , vol.41 , pp. 7-26
    • Barkema, H.G.1    Vermeulen, F.2
  • 4
    • 26444441935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selling a Cheaper Mousetrap: Wal-Mart's Effect on Retail Prices
    • Basker, Emek (2005), "Selling a Cheaper Mousetrap: Wal-Mart's Effect on Retail Prices," Journal of Urban Economics, 58 (2), 203-229.
    • (2005) Journal of Urban Economics , vol.58 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-229
    • Basker, E.1
  • 5
    • 0000973019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of Dyadic Competitive Interaction
    • March
    • Baum, Joel A.C. and Helaine J. Korn (1999), "Dynamics of Dyadic Competitive Interaction," Strategic Management Journal, 20 (March), 251-78.
    • (1999) Strategic Management Journal , vol.20 , pp. 251-278
    • Baum, J.A.C.1    Korn, H.J.2
  • 6
    • 0041827744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retailer Power and Supplier Welfare: The Case of Wal-Mart
    • Autumn
    • Bloom, Paul N. and Vanessa G. Perry (2001), "Retailer Power and Supplier Welfare: The Case of Wal-Mart," Journal of Retailing, 77 (Autumn), 379-96.
    • (2001) Journal of Retailing , vol.77 , pp. 379-396
    • Bloom, P.N.1    Perry, V.G.2
  • 7
    • 36749092418 scopus 로고
    • Using Daily Stock Returns: The Case of Event Studies
    • March
    • Brown, Stephen J. and Jerold B. Warner (1985), "Using Daily Stock Returns: The Case of Event Studies," Journal of Financial Economics, 14 (March), 3-31.
    • (1985) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.14 , pp. 3-31
    • Brown, S.J.1    Warner, J.B.2
  • 8
    • 0030528762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitor Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry: Toward a Theoretical Integration
    • January
    • Chen, Ming-Jer (1996), "Competitor Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry: Toward a Theoretical Integration," Academy of Management Review, 21 (January), 100-134.
    • (1996) Academy of Management Review , vol.21 , pp. 100-134
    • Chen, M.-J.1
  • 9
    • 0000008696 scopus 로고
    • Nonresponse and Delayed Response to Competitive Moves: The Roles of Competitor Dependence and Action Irreversibility
    • August
    • Ian C. MacMillan (1992), "Nonresponse and Delayed Response to Competitive Moves: The Roles of Competitor Dependence and Action Irreversibility," Academy of Management Journal, 35 (August), 539-70.
    • (1992) Academy of Management Journal , vol.35 , pp. 539-570
    • MacMillan, I.C.1
  • 10
    • 84989063364 scopus 로고
    • Competitive Attack, Retaliation and Performance: An Expectancy-Valence Framework
    • February
    • Danny Miller (1994), "Competitive Attack, Retaliation and Performance: An Expectancy-Valence Framework," Strategic Management Journal, 15 (February), 85-102.
    • (1994) Strategic Management Journal , vol.15 , pp. 85-102
    • Miller, D.1
  • 11
    • 1442335332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominant Retailers and the Countervailing-Power Hypothesis
    • Winter
    • Chen, Zhiqi (2003), "Dominant Retailers and the Countervailing-Power Hypothesis," RAND Journal of Economics, 34 (Winter), 612-25.
    • (2003) RAND Journal of Economics , vol.34 , pp. 612-625
    • Chen, Z.1
  • 12
    • 84993865621 scopus 로고
    • Do LBO Supermarkets Charge More? An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of LBOs on Supermarket Pricing
    • September
    • Chevalier, Judith A. (1995), "Do LBO Supermarkets Charge More? An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of LBOs on Supermarket Pricing," Journal of Finance, 50 (September), 1095-1112.
    • (1995) Journal of Finance , vol.50 , pp. 1095-1112
    • Chevalier, J.A.1
  • 13
    • 0030318587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capital-Market Imperfections and Countercyclical Markups: Theory and Evidence
    • September
    • David S. Scharfstein (1996), "Capital-Market Imperfections and Countercyclical Markups: Theory and Evidence," American Economic Review, 86 (September), 703-725.
    • (1996) American Economic Review , vol.86 , pp. 703-725
    • Scharfstein, D.S.1
  • 14
    • 56049113391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asda Takeover Threatens Price War
    • June 15
    • Cope, Nigel (1999), "Asda Takeover Threatens Price War," The Independent, (June 15), 5.
    • (1999) The Independent , pp. 5
    • Cope, N.1
  • 15
    • 2142847153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintaining the Competitive Edge: Creating and Sustaining Advantages in Dynamic Competitive Environments
    • George S. Day and David J. Reibstein, eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Day, George S. (1997), "Maintaining the Competitive Edge: Creating and Sustaining Advantages in Dynamic Competitive Environments," in Wharton on Dynamic Competitive Strategy, George S. Day and David J. Reibstein, eds. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 48-75.
    • (1997) Wharton on Dynamic Competitive Strategy , pp. 48-75
    • Day, G.S.1
  • 16
    • 33644674334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Channel Bargaining with Retailer Asymmetry
    • February
    • Dukes, Anthony, Esther Gal-Or, and Kannan Srinivasan (2006), "Channel Bargaining with Retailer Asymmetry," Journal of Marketing Research, 43 (February), 84-97.
    • (2006) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.43 , pp. 84-97
    • Dukes, A.1    Gal-Or, E.2    Srinivasan, K.3
  • 17
    • 0039378039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disciplines of Organizational Learning: Contributions and Critiques
    • September
    • Easterby-Smith, Mark (1997), "Disciplines of Organizational Learning: Contributions and Critiques," Human Relations, 50 (September), 1085-1113.
    • (1997) Human Relations , vol.50 , pp. 1085-1113
    • Easterby-Smith, M.1
  • 18
    • 0000480869 scopus 로고
    • Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work
    • May
    • Fama, Eugene F. (1970), "Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work," Journal of Finance, 25 (May), 383-417.
    • (1970) Journal of Finance , vol.25 , pp. 383-417
    • Fama, E.F.1
  • 19
    • 0346207692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • , Market Efficiency, Long-Term Returns and Behavioral Finance, Journal of Financial Economics, 3 (September), 283-306.
    • (1998), "Market Efficiency, Long-Term Returns and Behavioral Finance," Journal of Financial Economics, 3 (September), 283-306.
  • 20
    • 38549147867 scopus 로고
    • Common Risk Factors in Returns on Stocks and Bonds
    • Kenneth R. French (1993), "Common Risk Factors in Returns on Stocks and Bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, 33 (1), 3-56.
    • (1993) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-56
    • French, K.R.1
  • 21
    • 7744242848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of Gains in Horizontal Mergers: Evidence from Customer, Supplier and Rival Firms
    • December
    • Fee, C. Edward and Shawn Thomas (2004), "Sources of Gains in Horizontal Mergers: Evidence from Customer, Supplier and Rival Firms," Journal of Financial Economics, 74 (December), 423-60.
    • (2004) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.74 , pp. 423-460
    • Fee, C.E.1    Thomas, S.2
  • 22
    • 33646244035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multipoint Competition, Strategic Similarity and Entry into Geographic Markets
    • May
    • Fuentelsaz, Lucio and Jaime Gómez (2006), "Multipoint Competition, Strategic Similarity and Entry into Geographic Markets," Strategic Management Journal, 27 (May), 477-99.
    • (2006) Strategic Management Journal , vol.27 , pp. 477-499
    • Fuentelsaz, L.1    Gómez, J.2
  • 23
    • 0036004605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Market Valuation of Internet Channel Additions
    • April
    • Geyskens, Inge, Katrijn Gielens, and Marnik G. Dekimpe (2002), "The Market Valuation of Internet Channel Additions," Journal of Marketing, 66 (April), 102-119.
    • (2002) Journal of Marketing , vol.66 , pp. 102-119
    • Geyskens, I.1    Gielens, K.2    Dekimpe, M.G.3
  • 24
    • 34248171579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Entry Strategy of Retail Firms into Transition Economies
    • April
    • Gielens, Katrijn and Marnik G. Dekimpe (2007), "The Entry Strategy of Retail Firms into Transition Economies," Journal of Marketing, 71 (April), 196-212.
    • (2007) Journal of Marketing , vol.71 , pp. 196-212
    • Gielens, K.1    Dekimpe, M.G.2
  • 25
    • 0000014563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal Threats in Multimarket Rivalry: Staking Out 'Spheres of Influence' in the US Airline Industry
    • February
    • Gimeno, Javier (1999), "Reciprocal Threats in Multimarket Rivalry: Staking Out 'Spheres of Influence' in the US Airline Industry," Strategic Management Journal, 20 (February), 101-128.
    • (1999) Strategic Management Journal , vol.20 , pp. 101-128
    • Gimeno, J.1
  • 26
    • 0033247611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimarket Contact, Economies of Scope, and Firm Performance
    • June
    • Carolyn Y. Woo (1999), "Multimarket Contact, Economies of Scope, and Firm Performance," Academy of Management Journal, 43 (June), 239-59.
    • (1999) Academy of Management Journal , vol.43 , pp. 239-259
    • Woo, C.Y.1
  • 27
    • 4644301241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Much Ado About Nothing? Do Domestic Firms Really Benefit from Foreign Direct Investment?
    • Fall
    • Görg, Holger and David Greenaway (2004), "Much Ado About Nothing? Do Domestic Firms Really Benefit from Foreign Direct Investment?" World Bank Research Observer, 19 (Fall), 171-97.
    • (2004) World Bank Research Observer , vol.19 , pp. 171-197
    • Görg, H.1    Greenaway, D.2
  • 29
    • 0001270435 scopus 로고
    • Cross-Sectional Association Between Abnormal Returns and Firm Specific Variables
    • December
    • Jain, Prem C. (1982), "Cross-Sectional Association Between Abnormal Returns and Firm Specific Variables," Journal of Accounting and Economics, 4 (December), 205-228.
    • (1982) Journal of Accounting and Economics , vol.4 , pp. 205-228
    • Jain, P.C.1
  • 30
    • 18944390071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retail: The Wal-Mart Effect
    • Johnson, Bradford C. (2002), "Retail: The Wal-Mart Effect," McKinsey Quarterly, (1), 40-43.
    • (2002) McKinsey Quarterly , vol.1 , pp. 40-43
    • Johnson, B.C.1
  • 31
    • 56049094477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judge, George G., William E. Griffiths, R. Carter Hill, Helmut Lütkepohl, and Tsoung-Chao Lee (1988), Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • Judge, George G., William E. Griffiths, R. Carter Hill, Helmut Lütkepohl, and Tsoung-Chao Lee (1988), Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • 32
    • 0040211603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic Responses of Incumbents to New Entry: The Effect of Ownership Structure, Capital Structure, and Focus
    • Autumn
    • Khanna, Naveen and Sheri Tice (2000), "Strategic Responses of Incumbents to New Entry: The Effect of Ownership Structure, Capital Structure, and Focus," Review of Financial Studies, 13 (Autumn), 749-79.
    • (2000) Review of Financial Studies , vol.13 , pp. 749-779
    • Khanna, N.1    Tice, S.2
  • 35
    • 8644258297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metrics for Making Marketing Matter
    • October
    • Lehmann, Donald R. (2004), "Metrics for Making Marketing Matter," Journal of Marketing, 68 (October), 73-75.
    • (2004) Journal of Marketing , vol.68 , pp. 73-75
    • Lehmann, D.R.1
  • 36
    • 56049111784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Big Store Goes Global
    • Spring-Summer
    • Liang, David (2003), "The Big Store Goes Global," Stern Business, (Spring-Summer), 34-39.
    • (2003) Stern Business , pp. 34-39
    • Liang, D.1
  • 37
    • 77649173768 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal Data Analysis Using Generalized Linear Models
    • Liang, Kung-Yee and Scott L. Zeger (1986), "Longitudinal Data Analysis Using Generalized Linear Models," Biometrika, 73 (1), 13-22.
    • (1986) Biometrika , vol.73 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-22
    • Liang, K.-Y.1    Zeger, S.L.2
  • 38
    • 0039591390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Productivity Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from UK Industry Level Panel Data
    • Liu, Xiaming, Pamela Siler, Chenqi Wang, and Yingqi Wei (2000), "Productivity Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from UK Industry Level Panel Data," Journal of International Business Studies, 31 (3), 407-425.
    • (2000) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 407-425
    • Liu, X.1    Siler, P.2    Wang, C.3    Wei, Y.4
  • 39
    • 0011765591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Event Studies in Economics and Finance
    • March
    • MacKinlay, A. Craig (1997), "Event Studies in Economics and Finance," Journal of Economic Literature, 35 (March), 13-39.
    • (1997) Journal of Economic Literature , vol.35 , pp. 13-39
    • MacKinlay, A.C.1
  • 40
    • 0031510754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Event Studies in Management Research: Theoretical and Empirical Issues
    • June
    • McWilliams, Abigail and Donald Siegel (1997), "Event Studies in Management Research: Theoretical and Empirical Issues," Academy of Management Journal, 40 (June), 626-57.
    • (1997) Academy of Management Journal , vol.40 , pp. 626-657
    • McWilliams, A.1    Siegel, D.2
  • 41
    • 71849118592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wal-Mart Era Wanes Amid Big Shifts in Retail,
    • October 3, A1
    • McWilliams, Gary (2007), "Wal-Mart Era Wanes Amid Big Shifts in Retail," The Wall Street Journal, (October 3), A1.
    • (2007) The Wall Street Journal
    • McWilliams, G.1
  • 42
    • 0030548898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonconformity in Competitive Repertoires: A Sociological View of Markets
    • June
    • Miller, Danny and Ming-Jer Chen (1996a), "Nonconformity in Competitive Repertoires: A Sociological View of Markets," Social Forces, 74 (June), 1209-1234.
    • (1996) Social Forces , vol.74 , pp. 1209-1234
    • Miller, D.1    Chen, M.-J.2
  • 43
    • 0030352710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Simplicity of Competitive Repertoires: An Empirical Analysis
    • June
    • (1996b), "The Simplicity of Competitive Repertoires: An Empirical Analysis," Strategic Management Journal, 17 (June), 419-39.
    • Strategic Management Journal , vol.17 , pp. 419-439
  • 44
    • 0036692546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whose Culture Matters? Near-Market Knowledge and Its Impact on Foreign Market Entry Timing
    • August
    • Mitra, Debanjan and Peter N. Golder (2002), "Whose Culture Matters? Near-Market Knowledge and Its Impact on Foreign Market Entry Timing," Journal of Marketing Research, 39 (August), 350-65.
    • (2002) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.39 , pp. 350-365
    • Mitra, D.1    Golder, P.N.2
  • 45
    • 38549176221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myopic Marketing Management: Evidence of the Phenomenon and Its Long-Term Performance Consequences in the SEO Context
    • Mizik, Natalie and Robert Jacobson (2007), "Myopic Marketing Management: Evidence of the Phenomenon and Its Long-Term Performance Consequences in the SEO Context," Marketing Science, 26 (3), 361-79.
    • (2007) Marketing Science , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 361-379
    • Mizik, N.1    Jacobson, R.2
  • 47
    • 56049097807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wal-Mart Seeks U.K. Supermarket Firm: Cash Offer of $10.8 Billion for Asda Gives Jitters to European Retailers
    • June 15
    • Nelson, Emily and Ernest Beck (1999), "Wal-Mart Seeks U.K. Supermarket Firm: Cash Offer of $10.8 Billion for Asda Gives Jitters to European Retailers," The Wall Street Journal (Europe), (June 15), A3.
    • (1999) The Wall Street Journal (Europe)
    • Nelson, E.1    Beck, E.2
  • 48
    • 0000027140 scopus 로고
    • Corporate Forecasts of Earnings per Share and Stock Price Behavior: Empirical Tests
    • Autumn
    • Patell, James M. (1976), "Corporate Forecasts of Earnings per Share and Stock Price Behavior: Empirical Tests," Journal of Accounting Research, 14 (Autumn), 246-76.
    • (1976) Journal of Accounting Research , vol.14 , pp. 246-276
    • Patell, J.M.1
  • 50
    • 0003106484 scopus 로고
    • The Core Competence of the Corporation
    • May-June
    • Prahalad, C.K. and Gary Hamel (1990), "The Core Competence of the Corporation," Harvard Business Review, 68 (May-June), 79-91.
    • (1990) Harvard Business Review , vol.68 , pp. 79-91
    • Prahalad, C.K.1    Hamel, G.2
  • 51
    • 15344341042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Industry Structure and Horizontal Takeovers: Analysis of Wealth Effects on Rivals, Suppliers, and Corporate Customers
    • April
    • Shahrur, Husayan (2005), "Industry Structure and Horizontal Takeovers: Analysis of Wealth Effects on Rivals, Suppliers, and Corporate Customers," Journal of Financial Economics, 76 (April), 61-98.
    • (2005) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.76 , pp. 61-98
    • Shahrur, H.1
  • 52
    • 33748525020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Market Entry and Consumer Behavior: An Investigation of a Wal-Mart Supercenter
    • September-October
    • Singh, Vishal P., Karsten T. Hansen, and Robert C. Blattberg (2006), "Market Entry and Consumer Behavior: An Investigation of a Wal-Mart Supercenter," Marketing Science, 25 (September-October), 457-76.
    • (2006) Marketing Science , vol.25 , pp. 457-476
    • Singh, V.P.1    Hansen, K.T.2    Blattberg, R.C.3
  • 53
    • 0013246703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal Returns to Rivals of Acquisition Targets: A Test of the Acquisition Probability Hypothesis
    • February
    • Song, Moon H. and Ralph A. Walkling (2000) "Abnormal Returns to Rivals of Acquisition Targets: A Test of the Acquisition Probability Hypothesis," Journal of Financial Economics, 55 (February), 143-71.
    • (2000) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.55 , pp. 143-171
    • Song, M.H.1    Walkling, R.A.2
  • 54
    • 56049091910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: Crown Business
    • Slywotzky, Adrian J. (2007), The Upside. New York: Crown Business.
    • (2007) The Upside
    • Slywotzky, A.J.1
  • 55
    • 33846282307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Event Studies in Marketing Strategy Research
    • Christine Moorman and Donald R. Lehmann, eds. Cambridge, MA: Marketing Science Institute
    • Srinivasan, Raji and Sundar Bharadwaj (2004), "Event Studies in Marketing Strategy Research," in Assessing Marketing Strategy Performance, Christine Moorman and Donald R. Lehmann, eds. Cambridge, MA: Marketing Science Institute, 9-28.
    • (2004) Assessing Marketing Strategy Performance , pp. 9-28
    • Srinivasan, R.1    Bharadwaj, S.2
  • 56
    • 41549125915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • working paper, Anderson Graduate School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles
    • Srinivasan, Shuba and Dominique M. Hanssens (2007), "Marketing and Firm Value," working paper, Anderson Graduate School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles.
    • (2007) Marketing and Firm Value
    • Srinivasan, S.1    Hanssens, D.M.2
  • 57
    • 0032373171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Market-Based Assets and Shareholder Value: A Framework for Analysis
    • January
    • Srivastava, Rajendra K., Tasadduq A. Shervani, and Liam Fahey (1998), "Market-Based Assets and Shareholder Value: A Framework for Analysis," Journal of Marketing, 62 (January), 2-18.
    • (1998) Journal of Marketing , vol.62 , pp. 2-18
    • Srivastava, R.K.1    Shervani, T.A.2    Fahey, L.3
  • 58
    • 0003912601 scopus 로고
    • Impact of Wal-Mart Stores on Iowa Communities: 1983-1993
    • Spring
    • Stone, Kenneth E. (1995), "Impact of Wal-Mart Stores on Iowa Communities: 1983-1993," Economic Development Review, 13 (Spring), 60-69.
    • (1995) Economic Development Review , vol.13 , pp. 60-69
    • Stone, K.E.1
  • 60
    • 1642422428 scopus 로고
    • Entry and Competitive Structure in Deregulated Airline Markets: An Event Study of People Express
    • Winter
    • Whinston, Michael D. and Scott D. Collins (1992), "Entry and Competitive Structure in Deregulated Airline Markets: An Event Study of People Express," RAND Journal of Economics, 23 (Winter), 445-62.
    • (1992) RAND Journal of Economics , vol.23 , pp. 445-462
    • Whinston, M.D.1    Collins, S.D.2
  • 61
    • 56049093992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Price-Busters Invade Britain,
    • June 15
    • Whitworth, Damian (1999), "U.S. Price-Busters Invade Britain," The Times, (June 15), 1.
    • (1999) The Times , pp. 1
    • Whitworth, D.1
  • 62
    • 0034340997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zahra, A. Shaker, R. Duane Ireland, and Michael A. Hitt (2000), International Expansion by New Venture Firms: International Diversity, Mode of Market Entry, Technological Learning, and Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 43 (October), 925-50.
    • Zahra, A. Shaker, R. Duane Ireland, and Michael A. Hitt (2000), "International Expansion by New Venture Firms: International Diversity, Mode of Market Entry, Technological Learning, and Performance," Academy of Management Journal, 43 (October), 925-50.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.