At the land's end: Marine resources and the importance of fluctuations in the coastline in the prehistoric hunter-gatherer economy of Portugal

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 27, Issue 23-24, 2008, Pages 2166-2175

  Bicho, Nuno ^a   Haws, Jonathan ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALGARVE   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MARINE BIOLOGY; OCEANOGRAPHY;

AQUATIC RESOURCES; COASTAL SETTLEMENTS; DIRECT IMPACTS; LAST GLACIAL; MARGINALIZATION; MARINE RESOURCES; PLEISTOCENE; PORTUGAL; UP-WELLING;

NATURAL RESOURCES;

ARCHAEOLOGY; COASTAL ZONE; HUNTER-GATHERER; LAST GLACIAL; MARINE RESOURCE; PALEOLITHIC;

EURASIA; EUROPE; PORTUGAL; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

EID: 55949112393     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.011     Document Type: Article

References (130)

1. Abrantes F. Diatom assemblages as upwelling indicators in surface sediments off Portugal. Marine Geology 85 (1988) 15-39
2. Abrantes F. Increased upwelling off Portugal during the last deglaciation: diatom evidence. Marine Micropaleontology 17 (1990) 285-310
3. Abrantes F. Variability of upwelling off NW Africa during the latest Quaternary evidence. Paleoceanography 6 (1991) 431-460
4. Abrantes F. 200 000 yr diatom records from Atlantic upwelling sites reveal maximum productivity during LGM and a shift in phytoplankton community structure at 185 000 yr. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 176 (2000) 7-16
5. Abrantes F., Baas J., Hajlidason H., Rasmussen T., Klitgaard D., Loncaric N., and Gaspar L. Sediment fluxes along the Northeastern European Margin: inferring hydrological changes between 20 and 8 kyr. Marine Geology 152 (1998) 7-23
6. Abrantes F., and Moita T. Water column and recent sediment data on diatoms and coccolithophorids, off Portugal confirm sediment record as memory of upwelling events. Oceanologica Acta 22 (1999) 319-336
7. Akazawa T. Variability in the types of fishing adaptation of the later Jomon hunter-gatherers c.2500 to 300 bc. In: Bailey G.N., and Parkington J. (Eds). The Archaeology of Prehistoric Coastlines (1988), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 78-92
8. Almeida F., Angelucci D., Gameiro C., Correia J., and Pereira T. Novos dados para o Paleolítico Superior final da Estremadura Portuguesa: resultados preliminaries dos trabalhos arqueológicos de 1997-2003 na Lapa dos Coelhos (Casais Martanes, Torres Novas). Promontoria 2 (2004) 157-192
9. Antunes M. O Homem da gruta da Figueira Brava (ca. 30.000 BP). Memórias da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. Classe de Ciências 31 (1990-1991) 487-536
10. Antunes M. The Pleistocene fauna from Gruta da Figueira Brava: a synthesis. Memórias da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. Classe de Ciências 38 (2000) 259-282
11. Antunes M. Gruta da Figueira Brava: Pleistocene marine mammals. Memórias da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. Classe de Ciências 38 (2000) 245-258
12. Araújo A. O Mesolítico inicial da Estremadura. In: Gonçalves V. (Ed). Muita gente, poucas antas? Origens, espaços e contextos do Megalitismo (2003), IPA, Lisboa 101-114
13. Aura E., and Pérez Herrero C. Micropuntas dobles o anzuelos? Una propuesta de estudio a partir de los materiales de la Cueva de Nerja (Málaga). In: Sanchidrián Torti J., and Simón Vallejo M. (Eds). Las Culturas del Pleistoceno Superior en Andalucia (1998), Patronato de la Cueva de Nerja, Nerja 339-348
14. Aura J.E., Villaverde V., Gonzalez Morales M., Gonzalez Sainz C., Zilhão J., and Straus L. The Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Iberian Peninsula: continuity and change in human adaptations. Quaternary International 49/50 (1998) 87-103
15. Bailey G. World prehistory from the margins: the role of coastlines in human evolution. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in History and Archaeology 1 (2004) 39-50
16. Bailey G. The wider significance of submerged archaeological sites and their relevance to world prehistory. In: Flemming N.C. (Ed). Submarine Prehistoric Archaeology of the North Sea: Research Priorities and Collaboration with Industry (2004), English Heritage and Council for British Archaeology, York 3-10
17. Bailey G., and Craighead A. Late Pleistocene and Holocene palaeoeconomies: a reconsideration of the molluscan evidence from Northern Spain. Geoarchaeology 18 (2003) 175-204
18. Bailey G.N., and Flemming N.C. Archaeology of the continental shelf: marine resources, submerged landscapes and underwater archaeology. Quaternary Science Reviews 27 (2008) 2153-2165
19. Bailey G., and Milner N. Coastal hunter-gatherers and social evolution: marginal or central?. Before Farming: the Archaeology of Old World Hunter-Gatherers 3-4 (2002) 1-15
20. Bailey G., and Parkington J. The archaeology of prehistoric coastlines: an introduction. In: Bailey G.N., and Parkington J. (Eds). The Archaeology of Prehistoric Coastlines (1988), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1-10
21. Barber D., Dyke A., Hillaire-Marcel A., Jennings A., Andrews J., Kerwin M., Bilodeau G., McNeeley G., Southon J., Morehead M., and Gagnon J.-M. Forcing of the cold event of 8,200 years ago by catastrophic drainage of Laurentide lakes. Nature 400 (1999) 344-348
22. Barton N. Mousterian hearths and shellfish: Late Neanderthal activities on Gibraltar. In: Stringer C.B., Barton R.N.E., and Finlayson J.C. (Eds). Neanderthals on the Edge (2000), Oxbow Books, Oxford 211-220
23. Benedetti, M., Michael Daniels, J., Haws, J., Funk, C., 2006. Geomorphic interpretation of late Paleolithic occupation in the Estremadura region of Portugal. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, Chicago.
24. Bettinger R.L. Hunter-Gatherers: Archaeological and Evolutionary Theory (1991), Plenum, New York
25. Bicho N. Late Glacial prehistory of central and Southern Portugal. Antiquity 67 (1993) 761-775
26. Bicho N. The end of the Paleolithic and the Mesolithic in Portugal. Current Anthropology 35 (1994) 664-674
27. Bicho N. Caves, Rock Shelters and Open air sites: Land-use during the End of the Palaeolithic in Central Portugal. Proceedings of the XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, Forlí, Itália vol. 2 (1998), ÁBACO, Forlí 589-596
28. Bicho N. As comunidades humanas de caçadores-recolectores do Algarve Ocidental - perspectiva ecológica. In: Ferro A.A., Tavares M.J., and Cardoso J. (Eds). Evolução Geohistórica do Litoral Português e Fenómenos Correlativos (2004), Universidade Aberta, Lisbon 359-396
29. Bicho N. The Middle Paleolithic Occupation of Southern Portugal. In: Conard N. (Ed). Settlement Dynamics of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age vol. II (2004), Kerns Verlag, Tübingen 513-531
30. Bicho N., Hockett B., Haws J., and Belcher W. Hunter-gatherer subsistence at the end of the Pleistocene: preliminary results from Picareiro Cave, Central Portugal. Antiquity 74 (2000) 500-506
31. Bicho N., Haws J., Hockett B., Markova A., and Belcher W. Paleoecologia e Ocupação Humana da Lapa do Picareiro: resultados preliminares. Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia 6 (2003) 49-81
32. Bicho N., Stiner M., Lindly J., Ferring C.R., and Correia J. Preliminary results from the Upper Paleolithic site of Vale Boi, Southwestern Portugal. Journal of Iberian Archaeology 5 (2003) 51-66
33. Bicho N., Stiner M., and Lindly J. Shell Ornaments, bone tools and long distance connections in the Upper Paleolithic of Southern Portugal. In: Otte M. (Ed). La Spiritualité (2004), ERAUL, Liege 71-80
34. Binford L. Post-Pleistocene Adaptations. In: Binford S., and Binford L. (Eds). New Perspectives in Archaeology (1968), Aldine, Chicago 313-341
35. Boserup E. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: the Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure (1965), Aldine, Chicago
36. Boski T., Moura D., Veiga-Pires C., Camacho S., Duarte D., Scott D., and Fernandes S. Postglacial sea-level rise and sedimentary response in the Guadiana Estuary, Portugal/Spain border. Sedimentary Geology 150 (2002) 103-122
37. Boski T., Moura D., Correia V., Martins H., Veiga-Pires C., Santana P., and Wilamowski A. Postglacial organic carbon accumulation in coastal zones. Preliminary data from SW Portugal. Journal of Coastal Research 30 (2004) SI 39
38. Breuil H., Vaultier M., and Zbyszewski G. Les plages anciennes portugaises entre les Caps d'Espichel et Carvoeiro et leurs industries paléolithiques. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 8 (1942) 21-25
39. Callapez P. Moluscos marinhos e fluviais do Paleolítico Superior da Gruta do Caldeirão (Tomar, Portugal): evidências de ordem sistemática, Paleobiológica e Paleobiogeográfica. Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia 6 (2003) 5-15
40. Carvalho A., and Valente M. Novos contextos conquíferos pré-históricos na Costa Vicentina. Xelb 5 (2005) 9-26
41. Chauviere F. Industries et parures sur matières dures animales du Paléolithique supérieur de la grotte de Caldeirão (Tomar, Portugal). Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia 5 (2002) 5-28
42. Clark G.A., and Straus L.G. Synthesis and conclusions - Part I: Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic hunter-gatherer subsistence in Northern Spain. In: Straus L.G., and Clark G.A. (Eds). La Riera Cave: Stone Age Hunter-Gatherer Adaptations in Northern Spain. Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers, 36 (1986), Arizona State University Press, Tempe 351-366
43. Cohen M. The Food Crisis in Prehistory (1977), Yale University Press, New Haven
44. Cortés-Sánchez M., Morales-Muñiz A., Simón-Vallejo M.D., Bergadà-Zapata M.M., Delgado-Huertas A., López-García P., López-Sáez J.A., Lozano-Francisco M.C., Riquelme-Cantal J.A., Roselló-Izquierdo E., Sánchez-Marco A., and Vera-Peláez J.L. Palaeoenvironmental and cultural dynamics of the Coast of Malaga (Andalusia, Spain) during the Upper Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews 27 (2008) 2176-2193
45. Cunha P.P., and Martins A.A. Transição do enchimento terciário para o encaixe fluvial quaternário, na área de Vila Velha de Rodão (sector NE da Bacia do Baixo Tejo). Ciências da Terra 14 (2000) 147-158
46. Cunha P.P., Martins A.A., Daveau S., and Friend P.F. Tectonic control of the Tejo River fluvial incision during the Late Cenozoic, in Ródão - central Portugal (Atlantic Iberian border). Geomorphology 64 (2005) 271-298
47. Dabrio C., Zazo C., Lario J., Goy J., Sierro F., Borja F., González J., and Flores J. Sequence stratigraphy of Holocene incised-valley fills and coastal evolution in the Gulf of Cádiz (Southern Spain). Geologie en Mijnbouw 77 (1999) 263-281
48. Daveau S. Espaço e tempo: Evolução do ambiente geográfico de Portugal ao longo dos tempos pre-históricos. CLIO 2 (1980) 13-37
49. Dias, J., 1985. Registos de migração da linha de costa nos ultimos 18,000 anos na plataforma continental portuguesa setentrional. In: Actas da I Reunião do Quaternário Ibérico, vol. 1, Lisbon, pp. 281-295.
50. Dias J.A., Boski T., Rodrigues A., and Magalhães F. Coast line evolution in Portugal since the Last Glacial Maximum until present - a synthesis. Marine Geology 170 (2000) 177-186
51. Dias, R., 2001. Neotectónica da região do Algarve. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Lisbon.
52. Diniz, F., 2003. The particular aspect of Pleistocene pollen flora from the West Coast of Portugal. In: Poster presented at the XVI INQUA Congress, Reno, NV (USA).
53. Erlandson J.M. The role of shellfish in prehistoric economies: a protein perspective. American Antiquity 53 (1988) 102-109
54. Erlandson J.M. The archaeology of aquatic adaptations: paradigms for a new millennium. Journal of Archaeological Research 9 (2001) 287-350
55. Erlandson J.M., Moss M.L., and Des Lauriers M. Life on the edge: early maritime cultures of the Pacific Coast of North America. Quaternary Science Reviews 27 (2008) 2232-2245
56. Fa D.A. Effects of tidal amplitude on intertidal resource availability and dispersal pressure in prehistoric human coastal populations: the Mediterranean-Atlantic transition. Quaternary Science Reviews 27 (2008) 2194-2209
57. Firtion F., and de Carvalho G. Les formations detritiques quaternaries de S. Pedro de Muel, Leiria (Portugal). Memorias e noticias, n. 32 (1952), Publ. Mus. Lab. Min. Geol. Centro Est. Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra
58. Fiuza A. The Portuguese coastal upwelling system. Actual Problems of Oceanography in Portugal (1982), Junta Nacional Científica e Tecnológica, Lisbon 45-71
59. Fiuza A. Upwelling patterns off Portugal. In: Suess E., and Thiede J. (Eds). Coastal Upwelling: its Sedimentary Record (1983), Plenum, New York 85-98
60. Flannery K.V. Origins and ecological effects of early domestication in Iran and the Near East. In: Ucko P.J., and Dimbleby G.W. (Eds). The Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals (1969), Aldine, Chicago 73-100
61. Foulkard A., Davis P., Fiuza A., and Ambar I. Remote sensed sea surface thermal patterns in the Gulf of Cadiz and the Strait of Gibraltar: variability, correlations, and relations with the surface wind field. Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997) 5669-5683
62. Granja H. Evidence for Late Pleistocene and Holocene sea-level, neotectonic and climate control in the coastal zone of Northwest Portugal. Geologie en Mijnbouw 77 (1999) 233-245
63. Granja H.M., and de Carvalho G. Sea-level changes during the Pleistocene-Holocene in the NW coastal zone of Portugal. Terra Nova 7 (1995) 60-67
64. González-Villa F., Polvillo O., Boski T., Moura e D., and Andrés J. Biomarker patterns in a time-resolved Holocene/terminal Pleistocene sedimentary sequence from the Guadiana River Estuary Area (SW Portugal/Spain border). Organic Geochemistry 34 (2003) 1601-1613
65. Grafenstein U., von H., Erlenkeuser H., Müller J., Jouzel J., and Johnsen S. The cold event 8200 years ago documented in oxygen isotope records of precipitation in Europe and Greenland. Climate Dynamics 14 (1998) 73-81
66. Hawkes K., O'Connell J., and Blurton Jones N. Hunting income patterns among the Hadza: big game, common goods, foraging goals and the evolution of the human diet. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B 334 (1991) 243-251
67. Hawkes K., O'Connell J., and Blurton Jones N. Hunting and nuclear families: some lessons from the Hadza and men's work. Current Anthropology 42 (2001) 681-709
68. Haws, J., 2003. An Investigation of Late Upper Paleolithic and Epipaleolithic Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence and Settlement Patterns in Central Portugal. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
69. Haws J., and Bicho N. Sea level changes and the impact on Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Portuguese Prehistory. In: Bicho N. (Ed). Papers in Honor of Anthony Marks, Universidade do Algarve, Faro (2006), Universidade do Algarve 37-56
70. Haws J., Hockett B., Funk C., Daniels J., Benedetti M., and Bicho N. Neandertals at the beach: Late Pleistocene coastal settlement of Central Portugal. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Paleoanthropological Society (2006), San Juan, Puerto Rico
71. Haws, J.A., Valente, M., 2001. It's about time: absolute dates and faunal analysis for the Late Upper Paleolithic site, Lapa do Suão, Portugal. In: Paper presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans.
72. Hill K., Kaplan H., Hawkes K., and Hurtado A. Foraging decisions among Ache Hunter-gatherers: new data and implications for Optimal Foraging Models. Ethology and Sociobiology 8 (1987) 1-36
73. Hockett B., and Bicho N. The rabbits of Picareiro Cave: small mammal hunting during the Late Upper Palaeolithic in the Portuguese Estremadura. Journal of Archaeological Science 27 (2000) 715-723
74. Hockett B.S., and Haws J. Taphonomic and methodological perspectives of leporid hunting during the Upper Paleolithic of the Western Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 9 (2002) 269-302
75. Hockett B., and Haws J. Nutritional Ecology and diachronic trends in Paleolithic diet and health. Evolutionary Anthropology 12 (2003) 211-216
76. Hockett, B., Haws, J., 2005. Nutritional Ecology and the extinction of the European Neanderthals. In: The Extinction of the European Neanderthals during OIS 3. Quaternary International 137, 21-34.
77. Jochim M. Optimal foraging and the division of labor. American Anthropologist 90 (1988) 130-136
78. In: Jordá J. (Ed). La Prehistoria de la Cueva de Nerja (1986), Patronato de la Cueva de Nerja, Nerja
79. Keeley L. Hunter-gatherer economy, complexity and population pressure: a cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7 (1988) 373-411
80. Kelly R. The Foraging Spectrum: Diversity in Hunter-gatherer Lifeways (1995), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC
81. Kislev M.E., Nadel D., and Carmi I. Epipaleolithic (19,000 BP) cereal and fruit diet at Ohalo II, Sea of Galilee, Israel. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 73 (1992) 161-166
82. Lebreiro S., Moreno J., Abrantes F., and Pflaumann U. Productivity and Paleoceanographic implications of the Tore Seamount (Iberian Margin) during the last 225 kyrs foraminiferal evidence. Paleoceanography 12 (1997) 718-727
83. Loureiro S., Newton A., and Icely J. Microplankton composition, production and upwelling dynamics in Sagres (SW Portugal) during the summer of 2001. Scientia Marina 69 (2005) 323-341
84. Manne T., Stiner M., and Bicho N. Evidence for grease rendering during the Upper Paleolithic at Vale Boi (Algarve, Portugal). In: Bicho N. (Ed). Animais na Pré-história e Arqueologia da Península Ibérica (2005), Universdiade do Algarve, Faro 145-158
85. Margalef R. Life-forms of phytoplankton as survival alternatives in an unstable environment. Oceanologica Acta 1 (1978) 493-509
86. Mason S.L.R., Hather J., and Hillman G. Preliminary investigation of the plant macro-remains from Dolní Vestonice II and its implications for the role of plant foods in Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Europe. Antiquity 68 (1994) 48-57
87. Mateus J.E., and Queiroz P.F. Os estudos da vegetação quaternaria em Portugal: contextos, balanço de resultados, perspectivas. In: Carvalho G.S., Ferreira A.B., and Senna-Martinez J.C. (Eds). O Quaternario em Portugal: Balanço e Perspectivas (1993), Edições Colibri, Lisboa 105-131
88. 18O record from SW Ireland. Science 294 (2001) 1328
89. Meehan B. Man does not live by calories alone: the role of shellfish in a coastal cuisine. In: Allen J., Golson J., and Jones R. (Eds). Sunda and Sahul (1977), Academic Press, New York 493-531
90. Meehan B. Shell Bed to Shell Midden (1982), Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra
91. Morales A., Roselló E., and Hernández F. Late Upper Palaeolithic subsistence strategies in Southern Iberia: Tardiglacial faunas from Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, Spain). European Journal of Archaeology 1 (1998) 9-50
92. Moreno-Garcia M., Davis S., and Pimenta C. Arqueozoologia: estudo da fauna do passado. In: Mateus eMoreno J.M. (Ed). Paleoecologia Humana e Arqueociências (2003), Um Programa Multidisciplinar para a Arqueologia sob a Tutela da Cultura IPA, Lisboa 192-234
93. Moura D., Boski T., Duarte D., Veiga-Pires C., Pedro P., Lourenço N., and Diniz F. A subida do nível do mar durante o Holocénico no Golfo de Cadiz - tendência regional e diferenças locais. Resumos do 3° Símpósio sobre a Margem Atlântica (2000), Universidade do Algarve, Faro 207-208
94. Moura, D., Veiga-Pires, C., Boski, T., Albardeiro, L., 2002. Sea-level fluctuations forced by local causes in Armação de Pêra Bay (South Portugal). In: Book of Abstracts of International Conference on Quaternary Sea Level Change, Barbados.
95. Ortea J. The malacology at La Riera. In: Straus L.G., and Clark G.A. (Eds). La Riera Cave: Stone Age Hunter-Gatherer Adaptations in Northern Spain. Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers, 36 (1986), Arizona State University Press, Tempe 289-298
96. Osborn A.J. Strandloopers, mermaids, and other fairy tales: ecological determinants of marine resource utilization - the Peruvian case. In: Binford L.R. (Ed). For Theory Building in Archaeology (1977), Academic Press, New York 157-205
97. Pailler D., and Bard E. High frequency palaeoceanographic changes during the past 140 000 yr recorded by the organic matter in sediments of the Iberian Margin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 181 (2002) 431-452
98. Pálsson G. Models for fishing and models for success. Maritime Anthropological Studies 1 1 (1988) 15-28
99. Pálsson G. Hunters and gatherers of the sea. In: Ingold T., Riches D., and Woodburn J. (Eds). Hunters and Gatherers vol. 1 (1991), Berg, New York 189-204
100. Parkington J. Milestones: the impact of the systematic exploitation of marine foods on human evolution. In: Tobias P.V., Raath M.A., Moggi-Cecchi J., and Soodyall H. (Eds). Humanity from African Naissance to Coming Millennia (2001), Firenze University Press, Firenze 327-336
101. Parkington J., Poggenpoel C., Halkett D., and Hart T. Initial observations on the Middle Stone Age coastal settlement in the Western Cape, South Africa. In: Conard N. (Ed). Settlement Dynamics of the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age vol. II (2004), Kerns Verlag, Tubingen 5-21
102. Perlman S.M. An optimum diet model, coastal variability, and hunter-gatherer behavior. In: Schiffer M.B. (Ed). Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory vol. 3 (1980), Academic Press, New York 257-310
103. Pericot García L. La Cueva del Parpalló (1942), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid
104. Raposo L. Ambientes, territorios y subsistencia en el paleolítico medio de Portugal. Complutum 6 (1995) 57-77
105. Raposo L. The Middle-Upper Palaeolithic Transition in Portugal. In: Stringer C., Barton R.N.E., and Finlayson J.C. (Eds). Neanderthals on the Edge (2000), Oxbow Books, Oxford 95-109
106. Richards M.P., Pettitt P.B., Trinkaus E., Smith F., Paunovic M., and Karavanic I. Neandertal diet at Vindija and Neandertal predation: the evidence from stable isotopes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 (2000) 7663-7666
107. Roucoux K.H., Shackleton N.J., Abreu L., Schönfeld J., and Tzedakis P.C. Combined marine proxy and pollen analyses reveal rapid Iberian vegetation response to North Atlantic millennial-scale climate oscillations. Quaternary Research 56 (2001) 128-132
108. Sánchez-Goñi M.F., Cacho I., Turon J.-L.-., Guiot J., Sierro F., Peypouquet J.P., Grimalt J., and Shackleton N. Synchroneity between marine and terrestrial responses to millennial scale climatic variability during the Last Glacial Period in the Mediterranean Region. Climate Dynamics 19 (2002) 95-105
109. Schubel J.R., and Hirschberg D.J. Estuarine graveyards, climatic change, and the importance of the estuarine environment. In: Wiley M.L. (Ed). Estuarine Interactions (1978), Academic Press, New York 285-303
110. Soares, A., 2005. Variabilidade do "upwelling" costeiro durante o holocénico nas margens atlânticas ocidental e meridional da Península Ibérica. Ph.D. Dissertation, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portuga.
111. Sousa F., and Bricaud A. Satellite-derived phytoplankton pigment structures in the Portuguese upwelling area. Journal of Geophysical Research 97 (1992) 11343-11356
112. Sousa F., and Fiuza A. Recurrence of upwelling filaments off Northern Portugal as revealed by satellite imagery. Proceedings of the 4th AVHRR Data Users' Meeting (1989), EUMEY-SAT, Darmstadt 219-223
113. Stiner M. Thirty years on the "Broad Spectrum Revolution" and Paleolithic demography. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 (2001) 6993-6996
114. Stiner M. Zooarchaeological evidence for resource intensification in Algarve, Southern Portugal. Promontoria 1 (2003) 27-61
115. Stiner M., Munro N.D., Surovell T.A., Tchernov E., and Bar-Yosef O. Paleolithic population and growth pulses evidenced by small animal exploitation. Science 283 (1999) 190-194
116. Stiner M., Munro N.D., and Surovell T.A. The tortoise and the hare: small game use, the Broad Spectrum Revolution, and Paleolithic demography. Current Anthropology 41 (2000) 39-73
117. Straus L. Epipaleolithic and Mesolithic adaptations in Cantabrian Spain and Pyrenean France. Journal of World Prehistory 5 (1991) 83-104
118. Straus L. To change or not to change: the Late and Postglacial in Southwest Europe. Quaternaria Nova 2 (1992) 161-185
119. Thomson J., Nixon S., Summerhayes C., Rohling E., Schönfeld J., Zahn R., Grootes P., Abrantes F., Gaspar L., and Vaqueiro S. Enhanced productivity on the Iberian Margin during Glacial/Interglacial transitions revealed by barium and diatoms. Journal of the Geological Society 157 (2000) 667-677
120. Turner C., and Hannon G. Vegetational evidence for Late Quaternary climatic change in Southwest Europe in relation to the influence of the North Atlantic Ocean. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B 318 (1988) 451-485
121. Vanhaeren M., and D'Errico F. The body ornaments associated with the burial. In: Zilhão J., and Trinkaus E. (Eds). Portrait of the Artist as a Child. The Gravettian Human Skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho and its Archaeological Context (2002), IPA, Lisbon 154-186
122. Wing E.S., and Brown A.B. Paleonutrition: Method and Theory in Prehistoric Foodways (1979), Academic Press, New York
123. Winterhalder B. Optimal foraging strategies and hunter-gatherer research in Anthropology: theory and models. In: Winterhalder B., and Smith E.A. (Eds). Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archaeological Analyses (1981), University of Chicago Press, Chicago 13-35
124. Winterhalder B. Diet choice, risk and food sharing in a stochastic environment. Journal of Ethnobiology 6 (1986) 205-223
125. Winterhalder B., and Smith E. Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archaeological Analyses (1981), University of Chicago Press, Chicago
126. Yellen J. Barbed bone points: tradition and continuity in Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa. African Archaeological Review 15 (1998) 173-198
127. Yesner D.R. Population pressure in coastal environments: an archaeological test. World Archaeology 16 1 (1984) 108-127
128. Yesner D.R. Life in the "Garden of Eden": causes and consequences of the adoption of marine diets by human societies. In: Harris M., and Voss E.B. (Eds). Food and Evolution: Toward a Theory of Human Food Habits (1987), Temple University Press, Philadelphia 285-310
129. Zazo C., Goy J.L., Lario J., and Silva P.G. Littoral zone and rapid climatic changes during the last 20 000 years. The Iberian Study case. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 102 (1996) 119-134
130. Zilhão J. O Paleolitico Superior da Estremadura Portuguesa (1997), Colibri, Lisbon