Laboratory studies into the effect of regolith on planetary X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

Icarus

Volumn 198, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 408-419

  Näränen, Jyri ^a   Parviainen, Hannu ^a   Muinonen, Karri ^a   Carpenter, James ^b   Nygård, Kim ^a   Peura, Marko ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Asteroids; Experimental techniques; Mercury; Mineralogy; Regoliths; surface; surfaces

Indexed keywords

EID: 55949100698     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2008.08.004     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Adler I., and Trombka I.J. Geochemical Exploration of the Moon and Planets (1970), Springer, Berlin
2. Adler I., Trombka J., Gerard J., Lowman P., Schmadebeck R., Blodget H., Eller E., Yin L., Lamothe R., Gorenstein P., and Bjorkholm P. Apollo 15 geochemical X-ray fluorescence experiment: Preliminary report. Science 175 (1972) 436-440
3. Arnaud K.A. Xspec: The first ten years. In: Jacoby G., and Barnes J. (Eds). Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, vol. 101 (1996), Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 17
4. Berry P.F., Furuta T., and Rhodes J.R. Particle size effects in radioisotope X-ray spectrometry. Adv. X-Ray Anal. 12 (1969) 612-632
5. Claisse F., and Samson C. Heterogeneity effects in X-ray analysis. Adv. X-Ray Anal. 5 (1962) 335-354
6. Clark P.E., and Trombka J.I. Remote X-ray spectrometry for NEAR and future missions: Modeling and analyzing X-ray production from source to surface. J. Geophys. Res. 102 (1997) 16361-16384
7. Costes N.C., Carrier W.D., Mitchell J.K., and Scott R.F. Apollo 11 soil mechanics investigation. Science 167 3918 (1970) 739-741
8. Criss J.W., and Birks L.S. Calculation methods for fluorescent X-ray spectrometry: Empirical coefficients versus fundamental parameters. Anal. Chem. 40 (1968) 1080-1086
9. Ebel H., Ebel M.F., Wernisch J., Poehn C., and Wiederschwinger H. Quantification of continuous and characteristic tube spectra for fundamental parameter analysis. X-Ray Spectrom. 18 (1989) 89-100
10. Evans L.G., Starr R.D., Brückner J., Reedy R.C., Boynton W.V., Trombka J.I., Goldstein J.O., Masarik J., Nittler L.R., and McCoy T.J. Elemental composition from gamma-ray spectroscopy of the NEAR-Shoemaker landing site on 433 Eros. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 36 (2001) 1639-1660
11. Fairbairn M.B. Planetary photometry: The Lommel-Seeliger law. J. R. Astron. Soc. Canada 99 (2005) 92-93
12. Goldsten J.O., McNutt Jr. R.L., Gold R.E., Gary S.A., Fiore E., Schneider S.E., Hayes J.R., Trombka J.I., Floyd S.R., Boynton W.V., Bailey S., Brueckner J., Squyres S.W., Evans L.G., Clark P.E., and Starr R. The X-ray/gamma-ray spectrometer on the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous mission. Space Sci. Rev. 82 (1997) 169-216
13. Grande M., Browning R., Waltham N., Parker D., Dunkin S.K., Kent B., Kellett B., Perry C.H., Swinyard B., Perry A., Feraday J., Howe C., McBride G., Phillips K., Huovelin J., Muhli P., Hakala P.J., Vilhu O., Laukkanen J., Thomas N., Hughes D., Alleyne H., Grady M., Lundin R., Barabash S., Baker D., Clark P.E., Murray C.D., Guest J., Casanova I., D'Uston L.C., Maurice S., Foing B., Heather D.J., Fernandes V., Muinonen K., Russell S.S., Christou A., Owen C., Charles P., Koskinen H., Kato M., Sipila K., Nenonen S., Holmstrom M., Bhandari N., Elphic R., and Lawrence D. The D-CIXS X-ray mapping spectrometer on SMART-1. Planet. Space Sci. 51 (2003) 427-433
14. Hapke B.W. Laboratory photometric studies relevant to the lunar surface. Astron. J. 70 (1965) 322
15. Hawthorne A.R., and Gardner R.P. A proposed model for particle-size effects in the X-ray fluorescence analysis of heterogeneous powders that includes incidence angle and non-random packing effects. X-Ray Spectrom. 7 4 (1978) 198-204
16. Hong D.C., Quinn P.V., and Luding S. Reverse Brazil nut problem: Competition between percolation and condensation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 3423-3426
17. Hubbard N.J., and Keith J.E. Reevaluation of the Apollo orbital X-ray fluorescence data. In: Merril R.B. (Ed). Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, vol. 8 (1977), Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 909-923
18. Hunter C.B., and Rhodes J.R. Particle size effects in X-ray emission analysis: Formulae for continuous size distributions. X-Ray Spectrom. 1 (1972) 107-111
19. Huovelin J., Alha L., Andersson H., Andersson T., Browning R., Drummond D., Foing B., Grande M., Hämäläinen K., Laukkanen J., Lämsä V., Muinonen K., Murray M., Nenonen S., Salminen A., Sipilä H., Taylor I., Vilhu O., Waltham N., and Lopez-Jorkama M. The SMART-1 X-ray solar monitor (XSM): Calibrations for D-CIXS and independent coronal science. Planet. Space Sci. 50 (2002) 1345-1353
20. Joy K.H., Crawford I.A., Kellett B., Grande M.N., and the C1XS Science Team. The scientific case for the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray spectrometer. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIX (2008) Abstract 1070
21. Lumme K., and Bowell E. Radiative transfer in the surfaces of atmosphereless bodies. I. Theory. II. Interpretation of phase curves. Astron. J. 86 (1981) 1694-1721
22. Maruyama Y., Ogawa K., Okada T., and Kato M. Laboratory measurements of particle size effect in X-ray fluorescence and implications to remote X-ray spectrometry of lunar regolith surface. Earth Planets Space 60 (2008) 293-297
23. McKay D.S., Heiken G., Basu A., Blanford G., Simon S., Reedy R., French B.M., and Papike J.J. The Lunar Regolith (1991), Cambridge University Press pp. 285-356
24. Muinonen K., Piironen J., Shkuratov Y.G., Ovcharenko A., and Clark B.E. Asteroid photometric and polarimetric phase effects. In: Bottke W., Cellino A., Paolicchi P., and Binzel R.P. (Eds). Asteroids III (2002), Arizona University Press, Tucson, AZ 123-138
25. Näränen J., Kaasalainen S., Peltoniemi J., Heikkilä S., Granvik M., and Saarinen V. Laboratory photometry of planetary regolith analogs. II. Surface roughness and extremes of packing density. Astron. Astrophys. 426 (2004) 1103-1109
26. Näränen J., Parviainen H., and Muinonen K. X-ray fluorescence modeling for Solar System regoliths: Effects of viewing geometry, particle size, and surface roughness. In: Valsecchi G.B., and Vokrouhlický D. (Eds). IAU Symposium, vol. 236 (2007), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 243-250
27. Nittler L.R., Starr R.D., Lim L., McCoy T.J., Burbine T.H., Reedy R.C., Trombka J.I., Gorenstein P., Squyres S.W., Boynton W.V., McClanahan T.P., Bhangoo J.S., Clark P.E., Murphy M.E., and Killen R. X-ray fluorescence measurements of the surface elemental composition of Asteroid 433 Eros. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 36 (2001) 1673-1695
28. Nittler L.R., McCoy T.J., Clark P.E., Murphy M.E., Trombka J.I., and Jarosewich E. Bulk element compositions of meteorites: A guide for interpreting remote-sensing geochemical measurements of planets and asteroids. Antarct. Meteorite Res. 17 (2004) 233-253
29. Okada, T., 2002. Surface elemental composition of Asteroid 433 Eros: Discussion on the results of the near/xgrs. In: ISAS Lunar Planetary Symposium, vol. 35. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan, pp. 120-123
30. Okada T., and Kuwada Y. Effect of surface roughness on X-ray fluorescence emission from planetary surfaces. Lunar Planet. Sci. 28 (1997) Abstract 1039
31. Okada T., Kuwada Y., and Mizutani H. Particle size effects in X-ray fluorescence: Implications for planetary missions. Lunar Planet. Sci. 29 (1998) Abstract 1597
32. Okada T., Kato M., Yamashita Y., Shirai K., Yamamoto Y., Matsuda T., Tsunemi H., and Kitamoto S. Lunar X-ray spectrometer experiment on the SELENE mission. Adv. Space Res. 30 (2002) 1909-1914
33. Okada T., Shirai K., Yamamoto Y., Arai T., Ogawa K., Hosono K., and Kato M. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry of Asteroid Itokawa by Hayabusa. Science 312 (2006) 1338-1341
34. Parviainen H., and Muinonen K. Rough-surface shadowing of self-affine random rough surfaces. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 106 (2007) 398-416
35. Peck L.C., and Smith V.C. Quantitative chemical analysis of lunar samples. Science 167 3918 (1970) 532
36. Rosato A., Strandburg K.J., Prinz F., and Swendsen R.H. Why the Brazil nuts are on top: Size segregation of particulate matter by shaking. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 (1987) 1038-1040
37. Schlemm C.E., Starr R.D., Ho G.C., Bechtold K.E., Hamilton S.A., Boldt J.D., Boynton W.V., Bradley W., Fraeman M.E., Gold R.E., Goldsten J.O., Hayes J.R., Jaskulek S.E., Rossano E., Rumpf R.A., Schaefer E.D., Strohbehn K., Shelton R.G., Thompson R.E., Trombka J.I., and Williams B.D. The X-ray spectrometer on the MESSENGER spacecraft. Space Sci. Rev. 131 (2007) 393-415
38. Schulz R., and Benkhoff J. BepiColombo: Payload and mission updates. Adv. Space Res. 38 (2006) 572-577
39. Sidky Mikhail J. Color opposition effect of the lunar surface. Icarus 8 (1968) 117-128
40. Trucano P., and Batterman B.W. Effects of porosity in powder diffraction. J. Appl. Phys. 41 10 (1970) 3949-3953
41. Warell J., and Blewett D.T. Properties of the Hermean regolith. V. New optical reflectance spectra, comparison with lunar anorthosites, and mineralogical modeling. Icarus 168 (2004) 257-276