Adrenal response in severe community-acquired pneumonia: Impact on outcomes and disease severity

Chest

Volumn 134, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 947-954

  Salluh, Jorge I F ^a   Bozza, Fernando A ^b,c   Soares, Márcio ^a   Verdeal, Juan Carlos R ^d   Castro Faria Neto, Hugo C ^b   Lapa E Silva, José Roberto ^e   Bozza, Patrícia T ^b,c  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER   (Brazil)

^b INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ   (Brazil)

^c Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz   (Brazil)

^d Hospital Barra D'Or   (Brazil)

^e FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Adrenal insufficiency; Community acquired pneumonia; Cortisol; Critical illness related corticosteroid insufficiency; Severe sepsis

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CORTICOTROPIN; HYDROCORTISONE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYDROCORTISONE BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 55849152422     PISSN: 00123692     EISSN: 19313543     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-1382     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Niederman MS. Recent advances in community-acquired pneumonia: inpatient and outpatient. Chest 2007; 131:1205-1215
2. Rello J, Rodriguez A. Severity of illness assessment for managing community-acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:2043-2044
3. Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM, et al. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:243-250
4. Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R, et al. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 2003; 58:377-382
5. Buising KL, Thursky KA, Black JF, et al. A prospective comparison of severity scores for identifying patients with severe community acquired pneumonia: reconsidering what is meant by severe pneumonia. Thorax 2006; 61:419-424
6. Bozza FA, Salluh JI, Japiassu AM, et al. Cytokine profiles as markers of disease severity in sepsis: a multiplex analysis. Crit Care 2007; 11:R49
7. Bozza FA, Bozza PT, Castro Faria Neto HC. Beyond sepsis pathophysiology with cytokines: what is their value as biomarkers for disease severity? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005; 100:217-221
8. Marshall JC, Vincent JL, Fink MP, et al. Measures, markers, and mediators: toward a staging system for clinical sepsis: a report of the Fifth Toronto Sepsis Roundtable, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 25-26, 2000. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1560-1567
9. Christ-Crain M, Stolz D, Jutla S, et al. Free and total cortisol levels as predictors of severity and outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176:913-920
10. Povoa P. Serum markers in community-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21:157-162
11. Riché FC, Boutron CM, Valleur P, et al. Adrenal response in patients with septic shock of abdominal origin: relationship to survival. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:1761-1766
12. Marshall JC. Biomarkers of sepsis. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2006; 8:351-357
13. Salluh JI, Verdeal JC, Mello GW, et al. Cortisol levels in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:595-598
14. Annane D, Sebille V, Troche G, et al. A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. JAMA 2000; 283:1038-1045
15. Van den Berghe G, de Zegher F, Bouillon R. Clinical review 95: acute and prolonged critical illness as different neuroendocrine paradigms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:1827-1834
16. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, et al. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:818-829
17. Alberti C, Brun-Buisson C, Chevret S, et al. Systemic inflammatory response and progression to severe sepsis in critically ill infected patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:461-468
18. Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (sepsis-related organ failure assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure: on behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22:707-710
19. Niederman MS, Mandell LA, Anzueto A, et al. Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:1730-1754
20. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, et al. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40:373-383
21. Bakhtiari K, Meijers JC, de Jonge E, et al. Prospective validation of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:2416-2421
22. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis: the ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992; 101:1644-1655
23. Bernard GR, Artigas A, Brigham KL, et al. The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS: definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149:818-824
24. Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, et al. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA 2002; 288:862-871
25. Marik PE, Pastores SM, Annane D, et al. Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of corticosteroid insufficiency in critically ill adult patients: consensus statements from an international task force by the American College of Critical Care Medicine. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:1937-1949
26. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology 1982; 143:29-36
27. Cooper MS, Stewart PM. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:727-734
28. Gotoh S, Nishimura N, Takahashi O, et al. Adrenal function in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2008
29. Restrepo MI, Bienen T, Mortensen EM, et al. Evaluation of ICU admission criteria and diagnostic methods for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia: current practice survey. Chest 2008; 133:828-829
30. Querol-Ribelles JM, Tenias JM, Grau E, et al. Plasma d-dimer levels correlate with outcomes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2004; 126:1087-1092
31. Lobo SM, Lobo FR, Bota DP, et al. C-reactive protein levels correlate with mortality and organ failure in critically ill patients. Chest 2003; 123:2043-2049
32. de Jong MF, Beishuizen A, Spijkstra JJ, et al. Predicting a low cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone in the critically ill: a retrospective cohort study. Crit Care 2007; 11:R61
33. Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, et al. Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:111-124
34. Hamrahian AH, Oseni TS, Arafah BM. Measurements of serum free cortisol in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:1629-1638
35. Confalonieri M, Urbino R, Potena A, et al. Hydrocortisone infusion for severe community-acquired pneumonia: a preliminary randomized study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:242-248
36. Salluh JI, Povoa P, Soares M, et al. The role of corticosteroids in severe community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review. Crit Care 2008; 12:R76